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	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Siaka Stevens
		Siaka Probyn Stevens (24 August 1905–29 May 1988) was prime minister and, later, president of the Republic of Sierra Leone.
		President Stevens served as Chairman of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) from 1 July 1980 to 24 June 1981, and engineered the creation of the Mano River Union, a three country economic federation of Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea.
		Stevens retired from office at the end of his term on 28 October 1985.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Siaka_Stevens (771 words)

	Sierra Leonean Heroes - "the APC Era" - Sierra Leone Web
		Siaka Stevens sought to open the ranks of the party to all sectors of the community and to maintain a rough balance between ethnic groups, academics, clerics, businessmen and traditional rulers.
		The conviction and possible imprisonment, of Siaka Stevens then could have spelt the end of the A.P.C. The solemn state funeral that was accorded him at his death was a fitting tribute to the contribution he made to the development of Sierra Leone.
		Sorie Ibrahim Koroma was born in Port Loko, Maforki Chiefdom, Port Loko District, in 1930.
	www.sierra-leone.org /heroes9.html (1579 words)

	Speakers : Africa Peace Justice Educational Tour Life Over Debt - Africa Debt Cancellation : Issues : AFSC
		Stevens "sold chances to profit from disorder to those who could pay for it through provision of services." He created a private military force to terrorize his own people and to aggrandize himself, especially in the diamond fields.
		Siaka Stevens' neo-patrimonial state was not about development, it was about enriching himself and a small group of followers.
		As a result, Sierra Leone's rulers (especially Siaka Steven and his All Peoples Congress (APC) drawing primarily on the interior Temne and Limba people from the northern part of the country as a reaction to the previous predominance of the coastal Mende people from the south and east) are blamed for Sierra Leone's failure.
	www.afsc.org /africa-debt/get-involved/Abdul-Rahman-Kamara.htm (1297 words)

	Sierra Leone - History and Politics
		In 1960 Siaka Stevens broke away and formed the All People’s Congress (APC), a party identified with a radical philosophy based on socialist ideas, to tone down the influence of the all-powerful Sir Milton Margai during the independence discussions.
		Siaka Stevens and the APC were brought back to power with Chief Justice Teja-Sie as the Governor General in 1968.
		It was evident to everyone that Stevens had been grooming him for succession to the throne in the place of Sorie Ibrahim Koroma who was the first Vice-President of the republic and expected successor, as stated in the 1978 constitution.
	www.iss.co.za /AF/profiles/SieraLeone/Politics.html (3635 words)

	Siaka Stevens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Siaka Probyn Stevens (August 24, 1905 - May 29, 1988) was a President of Sierra Leone (1971 - 1985).
		He served as prime minister until April 21, 1971, at which point a new constitution made the country a republic and Stevens was made president.
		Stevens retired as president in favor of his successor, Joseph Momoh, on November 28, 1985.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/s/si/siaka_stevens.html (174 words)

	Siaka Stevens:1905-1988 - Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Many people have perceived case president Stevens as a dictator but during his reign he was able to foster peace in the country by not leaning on one tribe for support.
		Siaka Stevens travelled with his father to Freetown, where the young Stevens would stay with Mr.
		Siaka Probyn Stevens was born on August 24th 1905 in Moyamba.
	siakastevens.org /index.php?...&task=view&id=16&Itemid=29 (496 words)

	WORLDVIEW MAGAZINE ONLINE : Fall 1999 : Stories
		Siaka Stevens was and remains Sierra Leone's most controversial leader.
		Many people, including some who hated Stevens, have wished for his tough-guy approach over recent years as rebel forces and "sobels"-soldiers by day and rebels by night-turned Sierra Leone into a nightmare: cutting off the hands and arms of innocent children, raping women, plundering communities and destroying a third of Freetown.
		When Siaka Stevens became prime minister, he set about squaring the score with those paramount chiefs he felt had opposed him, while rewarding those who had been neutral.
	www.worldviewmagazine.com /issues/fall1999/topstory.html (2436 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Temne in Sierra Leone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Siaka Stevens, a Northern Limba and trade unionist, formed an opposition party, the All-People’s Congress (APC), that appealed to Northern interests.
		Stevens began to bypass his commander Bangura in favor of Bangura’s deputies (a Limba and a Creole).
		Siaka Stevens, 83, the country's President from 1971 to 1985, died and a state funeral was held on June 12.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=45104 (5752 words)

	Siaka Stevens - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Siaka Stevens - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Stevens, Wallace (1879-1955), American poet, whose works deal mainly with the individual’s interaction with the outside world.
		Stevens, John Paul, born in 1920, American jurist, associate justice of the United States Supreme Court.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Siaka_Stevens.html (83 words)

	Background Notes Archive - Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Following the adoption of the republican constitution in April 1971, Siaka Stevens was appointed President of the Republic by the House; he was inaugurated for a second five-year term in April 1977.
		Siaka P. Stevens, who had been head of state of Sierra Leone for 18 years, retired from that position in November 1985, although he continued his role as chairman of the ruling APC party.
		President Stevens' Government had sought closer relations with neighboring Guinea and Liberia; the NPRC is continuing this effort.
	dosfan.lib.uic.edu /ERC/bgnotes/af/sierraleone9406.html (2399 words)

	APC: All People's Congress: Sierra Leone: North America Branch
		But President Siaka Stevens who had won the 1967 Elections under the APC had said that the One Party System was an experiment to minimize social and political divisions and cleavages.
		Stevens, in his bid to promote ethnic harmony ensured that the Mendes were full participants in all levels and aspects of the APC Government.
		It was for this reason that former President Siaka Stevens made security and stability the cornerstone of his administration.
	www.apc.homestead.com /info.html (2525 words)

	My Home Page
		Stevens was sworn in as executive president on April 21.
		A new Constitution made it illegal to have opposition political parties, and Stevens was sworn in for a new seven-year term in office.
		In the midst of a worsoning economy, Stevens retired, and Major General Joseph Saidu Momoh was sworn in as president of the country.
	www.angelfire.com /id/multicultural/leone.html (755 words)

	History of Sierra Leone
		Within a few hours, Stevens and Margai were placed under house arrest by Brigadier David Lansana, the Commander of the Republic of Sierra Leone Military Forces (RSLMF), on grounds that the determination of office should await the election of the tribal representatives to the house.
		Another group of officers soon staged another coup, only to be later ousted in a third coup, the “sergeants’ revolt,” and Stevens at last, in April 1968, assumed the office of Prime Minister under the restored constitution.
		Siaka Stevens remained as head of state until 1985.
	www.historyofnations.net /africa/sierraleone.html (1680 words)

	Siaka Probyn Stevens - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Stevens, Siaka Probyn, 1905-88, president of Sierra Leone (1971-85).
		He served (1951-57) in the legislative council and was appointed (1967) prime minister.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "Stevens, Siaka Probyn" at HighBeam.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-stvnss.html (128 words)

	Final Part: Turning Sierra Leone Into A Republican State: A Walk Down Memory Lane
		It is reported that Stevens had to now turn back to his old ally, Solomon Jolliboy Pratt, one of Sierra Leone’s most brilliant legal minds, who was at that time, having been sacked from Stevens’ cabinet, back in his private law practice.
		Pratt therefore was torn between his feelings of betrayal by Siaka Stevens whom he felt sacrificed him needlessly and Pratt’s innate patriotic support for efforts to turn Sierra Leone into a truly independent republican state.
		Siaka Stevens was arbitrarily and unjustly incarcerated in detention at Pademba Road Prisons with a host of others including I. Wallace-Johnson and the John Brothers by Sir Milton Margai during the 27th April 1961 Celebrations for fear that Siaka Stevens and his group would have wanted to violently sabotage the celebrations.
	news.sl /drwebsite/publish/printer_20052230.shtml (1010 words)

	Sierra Leone: the world's poorest nation Contemporary Review - Find Articles
		The coup was hardly surprising, however, when regarded in the context of the dismal social and economic record of the APC, under both Siaka Stevens (1968-85) and Joseph Momoh (1985-92).
		Stevens did not wholly discourage this trend, after all it did distract attention away from APC mismanagement, however, the Lebanese were important allies and Stevens occasionally made statements in their defence.
		He understood that political power is tied to the economy and that in order to maintain political control with a weak economy in decline, those in key positions have to divert and corruptly use public funds.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2242/is_n1524_v262/ai_13857773 (942 words)

	Independence - History - Sierra Leone - Africa
		In 1967, as a result of disputed elections, in which Siaka Stevens, leader of the All People’s Congress (APC), was elected prime minister, the army staged a coup and organized a National Reformation Council.
		Sierra Leone was declared a republic on April 19, 1971, and Stevens was sworn in as executive president on April 21.
		In 1978 a new constitution made the country a one-party state, and Stevens was sworn in for a new seven-year term in office.
	www.countriesquest.com /africa/sierra_leone/history/independence.htm (881 words)

	Siaka Stevens:1905-1988 - Siaka Stevens
		Siaka Stevens was born on August 24, 1905 at Moyamba in what is now the Southern Province.
		The U.N.F. position that there would be no elections before independence may have been the main reason for Siaka's refusal to sign, since this position would have effectively shut him out of the political process.
		Doctor Stevens died on 28th May 1988 in Freetown.
	www.siakastevens.org /index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=16&Itemid=29 (535 words)

	Stephen Patrick Wilson
		In secret, Stevens enjoyed a close relationship with Jamil Mohammed, a leading local Lebanese businessman, illicit diamond merchant, and financial backer of the pro-Syrian AMAL faction in the Lebanese civil war.
		The increasingly corrupt Stevens’ government nationalised the Sierra Leone Selection Trust in 1971, and official diamond production fell sharply as politicians secretly diverted gemstones to the illicit trade and thus their own bank accounts.
		By the time Sierra Leone’s President Siaka Stevens retired in 1985, the country was in chaos.
	www.angelfire.com /ego/stephenwilson/prose/0006.html (709 words)

	Stevens Thaddeus - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Stevens, Thaddeus (1792-1868), American politician, leading member of the United States House of Representatives during the American Civil War and...
		This speech by Thaddeus Stevens, one of the leading abolitionists in Congress—one of the foremost “Radical Republicans”—was made soon after the end...
		Consequently, by the time Congress convened in December 1865, many Republicans had concluded that Johnson's policy needed modification.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Stevens_Thaddeus.html (92 words)

	OUR HOPE IN THE LOME PEACE AGREEMENT
		After Siaka Stevens had failed to convert himself into president for life, and being that he was growing old and exhausted, he handed power over to the military as a way of protecting himself.
		As far as the pioneer president of the APC, Siaka Stevens was concerned, the military had to be maintained more as a fulfillment of the principles of state governance rather than as a fighting force meant to react to external aggression.
		Eventually the APC kept rigging elections, and Siaka Stevens kept returning as president, presiding over a rundown economy and a disgruntled people for seventeen years and his party for twenty-three years.
	www.share.iwarp.com /our_hope_in_the_lome_peace_agree.htm (3415 words)

	Siaka Stevens
		Der Artikel Siaka Stevens gehört zur Kategorie: Mann, Sierra-Leoner, Politiker (Sierra Leone), Staatspräsident (Sierra Leone), Geboren 1905, Gestorben 1988
		Stevens stammte aus dem Süden des Landes und trat nach seiner Schulzeit an der Albert Academy in Freetown 1923 der Polizei bei.
		Juni 1978 wurde Stevens Entwurf einer neuen Verfassung in einem Referendum mit offiziell 97,1% der Stimmen gebilligt wodurch sein APC nunmehr Einheitspartei des Landes war.
	www.kalkriese.de /Siaka_Stevens.html (606 words)

	History - U.S. Embassy Sierra Lione Freetown
		In closely contested elections in March 1967, the APC won a plurality of the parliamentary seats.
		A group of senior military officers overrode this action by seizing control of the government on March 23, arresting Brigadier Lansana, and suspending the constitution.
		Following the adoption of the republican constitution in April 1971, Siaka Stevens was appointed President of the Republic by the House; he was inaugurated for a second 5-year term in March 1976.
	freetown.usembassy.gov /history.html (1826 words)

	siaka stevens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
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		Stevens, Connie (born 1938), U.S. singer and actress
		Stevens, Gary (born 1963), U.S. thoroughbred horse racing jockey
	39381-stevens.197.geesealaying.com (195 words)

	Aminatta Forna on The Paula Gordon Show
		She urges us to learn from Sierra Leone’s mistakes, the ways Siaka Stevens created his autocracy -- bending election results, emasculating the judiciary, using thugs and brute force to subdue opposition, finding outside sources of revenue.
		Aminatta Forna believes the momentous times into which she was born textured and shaped her life, as she is confident they do everyone with that experience.
		In the early 1970s, her father, Mohammed Forna, stepped down as Minister of Finance, publicly warned his countrymen the looming one party rule would be a disaster and was executed for his efforts by Sierra Leone’s strongman, Siaka Stevens.
	www.paulagordon.com /shows/forna (1118 words)

	News: Sierra Leone, Sierra Leone: IRIN chronology of significant events since independence
		1967: Siaka Stevens - who in 1957 broke away from the Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP) to form his All People's party (APC) - is elected prime minister.
		Stevens, of the APC, is the sole candidate.
		Maj-Gen Joseph Momoh runs for president unopposed and is elected to replace the ageing Siaka Stevens.
	www.reliefweb.int /w/rwb.nsf/vCEBS/b6347da4b9af7b69852569c8005e2055 (2421 words)

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