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Topic: Side-scan sonar

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Side-scan sonar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Side scan uses a sonar device that emits pulses down toward the seafloor across a wide angle perpendicular to the path of the sensor through the water, which may be towed from a surface vessel or submarine, or mounted on the ship's hull. Side scan sonar imagery is also a commonly used tool to detect debris items and other obstructions on the seafloor that may be hazardous to shipping or to seafloor installations by the oil and gas industry. Side scan sonar (also sometimes called side-scan sonar, sidescan sonar, side looking sonar and side-looking sonar) is a category of sonar system that is used to efficiently create an image of large areas of the sea floor. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Side-scan_sonar   (720 words)

Side Scan Sonar Sonar is the most widely used application for mapping of the seafloor with two types of sonar most often used; these are Multi beam Sonar and Side scans Sonar. Conventional side scan sonar systems use a single sonar beam per side to generate an image of the sea floor. SONAR an acronym for Sound Navigation and Ranging is a method of detecting and/or locating underwater objects. www.lmstechnologies.com /side_scan_sonar.htm   (423 words)

Institute For Marine Acoustics: Sonar Primer Since the speed of sound is reasonably consistent and ray paths are considered straight for the purposes of side scan sonar in thermally homogeneous waters, the shape of the shadows on a sonograph is usually directly related to the shape of the objects casting them. The sonar's side lobes help the interpreter identify the existence of a retro-reflecting target while the returns from the main lobe show precisely where the target is in the underwater environment. Typically, a side scan acoustic beam is very narrow in the horizontal dimension (~.1 degree) and much wider (40-60 degrees) in the vertical dimension. www.instituteformarineacoustics.org /SonarPrimer/SideScanSonar.htm   (4011 words)

USGS - Pontchartrain Geochemistry - side scan sonar The Side Scan Sonar surveys were conducted in response to the identification of the dredge pits and their potential as recent sediment traps, an undisturbed recepticle for contaminants associated with development along the south shore. Thus for this study side scan sonar surveys were restricted primarily to the deeper approaches to Lake Pontchartrain (Rigolets and Chef Menteur) and to the dredge pits along the south shore, with water depths exceeding 18 meters. A descendant of wide beam echo sounders, a side scan sonar system is comprised of arrays of transducers mounted at angles oblique from perpendicular to the sea surface (Figure 7). pubs.usgs.gov /of/1998/of98-805/html/jf_scan.htm   (683 words)

NOAA Ocean Explorer: Islands in the Stream 2002: Exploring Underwater Oases Side scan sonar is the equivalent of the flashlight. Side scan sonar imagery, in addition to biological and geological information collected on this mission, will be made available to resource management agencies and the public. Though side scan sonar alone is not designed to measure ocean bathymetry (depth), when combined with a depth-measuring device (such as a fathometer”), it becomes a more powerful tool that can improve our understanding of benthic environments. oceanexplorer.noaa.gov /explorations/02sab/logs/jul31/jul31.html   (1032 words)

Side Scan Sonar - underwater searching Typically, the side scan sonar searches a swath 60 to 160 feet wide at about 2 miles per hour, although other ranges can be used depending upon the size of the object being sought. In early 1999, Gene had the opportunity to experience the successful use of side scan sonar to search for a drowning victim. The side scan images are also useful to evaluate any hazards to divers before they enter the water. gralston1.home.mindspring.com /Sidescan.html   (1088 words)

Office of Coast Survey - Side Scan and Multibeam Sonar Multibeam sonar systems provide fanshaped coverage of the seafloor similar to side scan sonars, but the output data is in the form of depths rather than images. Multibeam sonars are generally attached to a vessel, rather than being towed like a side scan. Side scan sonar is a specialized sonar (SOund NAvigation and Ranging) system for searching and detecting objects on the seafloor. chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov /HSD/wrecks.html   (350 words)

Side Scan Sonar The side scan sonar team operates the latest in side scan sonar technology which locates objects or victims underwater. www.lakecountyfirechiefs.org /Side_Scan_Sonar.htm   (19 words)

Diversion II - Dive Spotlight - Side Scan Sonar The sonar waves create a shadow of the wreck (represented by the bright white color just under the black sonar shadow) In this picture you can see the scour created as the wreck settled into her final resting place. It is created by using sonar waves (in effect sound waves) broadcasted outward on a horizontal plane as opposed from the vertical sound waves generated by depth recording machines used to find shipwrecks. The readings come from the tow-fish sonar arrays and are interpreted by the computers onto a magnetic tape or digital file and also with this Klein Sonar onto a paper recording. www.njscuba.com /dive_logs/2002_sidescan.html   (595 words)

Side Scan Sonar The difference is that side scan sonar illuminates the sea floor with a pulse of sound rather than light. In addition to underwater searches, Enviroscan uses side scan sonar for underwater inspections of shipping channels and docking berths for obstructions, pipelines for snags or deviations, and bridge piers for scour. Enviroscan has even successfully used side scan sonar to locate two drowning victims for whom divers had been searching for weeks in zero-visibility water. www.enviroscan.com /html/side_scan_sonar.html   (413 words)

Diversion II / NJScuba.com - Side Scan Sonar Side scan sonar is the technology of the future that will enable us to not only produce more accurate underwater sketches of known wrecks, but to search and identify new sites to dive. Doug explained that the Sea Scan PC Side Scan Sonar was unique in at least three significant areas, cost, performance and operability. The unit is capable of scanning up to 500 meters to either side of the vessel but we would be looking for better resolution and therefore scanning at around 100 meters of ocean floor. www.njscuba.com /njscuba/misc_sidescan_sonar.html   (1095 words)

Geological Interpretation of Side Scan Sonar Data Last time we learned what side scan sonar is and about how we will use the DSL-120 sonar instrument to survey the Puna Ridge. The sonar vehicle sent out energy from the top of the picture downward to the bottom, so we see a shadow closest to the vehicle and a reflector corresponding to the far wall of the crater is "seen" by the vehicle. In addition, we saw in Lesson 1 that the sonar data are very important for mapping very small features, such as fissures or lava flows that are less than several meters high, because these low-relief features do not show up in the bathymetric data. www.punaridge.org /doc/flashes/day11/Lesson/SideScanLesson2.htm   (735 words)

Side Scan Sonar services This side scan sonar survey was carried out to confirm that all blocks where positioned in the correct pattern and position. Besides the side scan sonar the configuration comes with laptop with navigation software, where routes can be setout and track info will be stored to keep track of the area covered by the side scan sonar. The CM800 side scan sonar comes fully equipped with comprehensive data acquisition, recording and imaging facilities, many of which are normally found only on specialist sonar processors. www.seascape.nl /sssonar.htm   (1209 words)

CSA Side-Scan Sonar The side-scan sonar towfish contains transducers that project high intensity, high frequency bursts of acoustic energy in thin fan-shaped beams that are narrow in the horizontal plane and wide in the vertical plane. Side-scan sonar is a widely accepted tool for mapping the surface topography of the seafloor. Side-scan sonar systems have seen widespread commercial and military applications in many phases of underwater mapping, search, and recovery. www.conshelf.com /services/marine-field-operations/side-scan-sonar.html   (622 words)

The simulation of side scan sonar images The application of ray tracing to the simulation of side scan sonar images has proved that techniques from computer graphics can be applied to underwater acoustics and examples are given to illustrate some of the difficulties of interpretation of side scan sonar imagery. Side scan sonar is a widely used device in underwater searches for sunken vessels and inundated land sites in archaeology. Sonar techniques effectively use sound to 'see' through water which would rapidly attenuate light, but whereas we are used to interpreting what we see with our eyes, the meaning of sonar images is often less immediately apparent. www.cheng.cam.ac.uk /~vsb1001/abstract.html   (396 words)

Digital  Side Scan Sonar Data from the Digital Side Scan Sonar can be input to any sonar processing system with appropriate control and display software and an Ethernet link, including the GeoPro Sonar Processor. Side scan images are processed in real time from this raw data using standard graphical tools. The GeoAcoustics Digital Side Scan is the highest dynamic range single beam dual frequency side scan commercially available. www.geoacoustics.com /digital_side_scan_sonar.htm   (476 words)

DTS 1 Side scan sonar The 410 kHz sidescan sonar emits a pulse of 40 kHz bandwidth and 2.4 ms duration (giving a range resolution of 1.8 cm) and the 75 kHz sidescan sonar provides a choice between two pulses of 7.5 and 2 kHz bandwidth and 14 and 50 ms pulse length, respectively. In addition to the sidescan sonar sensors, the DTS-1 contains a 2-16 kHz, chirp subbottom penetrator providing a choice of three different pulses of 20 ms pulse length each giving nominal vertical resolution between 6 and 10 cm. The sonar electronic is housed in a titanium pressure vessel mounted on a towfish of 2.8m x 0.8m x 0.9m in dimension. www.geomar.de /zd/deep_sea/dts1_sidescansonar.html   (425 words)

MGU-Side-Scan sonar System 2000 digital side-scan sonars, with dual frequency (100/500 kHz) digital tow-fish, which are attached to a soft tow cable and are capable of obtaining extremely high-resolution seafloor imagery. ide-scan sonar is a highly effective method of underwater imaging using narrow beams of acoustic energy (sound) transmitted from a towfish across the seafloor. The System 2000 allows real-time processing of the sonar data and has full target mensuration features. www.geoscience.org.za /marine/sss-klein.htm   (124 words)

Project History: Harold Edgerton and Side-Scan Sonar A side-scan sonar puts a single "flash" of acoustic energy into the water and then records the echoes. He also, however, developed camera equipment for deep-sea photography and "side-scan sonar," which applied the electronic principles from the flash tubes to acoustics. Side scan is thus the most common technology used for searching for shipwrecks in the ocean, and was responsible for finding the Titanic as well as many other shipwrecks. web.mit.edu /6.933/www/edgerton.html   (345 words)

Detection & inspection with side-scan sonar. Alao Sales and Rent of Imagenex Sportscan side-scan sonar. The side-scan sonar is capable of producing an image of (lost) objects that are lying on the bottom underwater or floating in the water column. Below there are shown several side-scan sonar recordings. For detection, prospecting and inspection of different objects, Metaldec International often uses side-scan sonar equipment. www.metaldec.nl /eng/sidescan.html   (1066 words)

Side-scan sonar images We are using the DSL-120 kHz side-scan sonar instrument to map the surface of the Puna Ridge. The strength of the sound recorded by the side-scan sonar instrument is converted to shades of gray. Sound is transmitted into the water by the side-scan sonar instrument at an angle rather than just straight down as shown. www.punaridge.org /doc/factoids/DigitalData   (375 words)

Side Scan Sonar An early side scan sonar is briefly described in National Geographic, Sept 1968 and in Archaeology vol 21 no 3 1968. It is a sonar that can look sideways. The pulses are sent in a wide angular pattern down to the bottom, and the echoes are received back in fractions of a second. www.abc.se /~m10354/mar/sidescan.htm   (434 words)

Side Scan Sonar on Michigan Tech's Research Vessel Agassiz Side scan sonar is used to produce images of underwater geology and sunken objects. It is also used to produce images of underwater sediment deposition (natural or man-made, such as mine tailings as anthropogenic targets for side scan), and other features of the lake bottom such as grooves made by ice. Side scan crew, Mark Gleason (Forestry) and Ed Verhamme (CEE). www.doe.mtu.edu /Agassiz_sonar/Agassiz_sonar.html   (257 words)

Benthos SIS-1600 Series Side Scan Sonar System In addition to the Chirp side scan sonar, both tow vehicles provide CW side scan sonar which can be used to acquire high resolution images over short ranges. The Benthos SIS-1600 Series Side Scan Sonar is a fully integrated system that uses both advanced Chirp and conventional continuous wave (CW) technologies-single frequency or dual frequency-and an advanced high-speed communications link to acquire high resolution side scan sonar images. The first side scan sonar to offer both advanced Chirp technology for long range scanning and CW (tone burst) pulses for short range resolution. www.fondriest.com /products/benthos_1600.htm   (122 words)

CNN - Side-scan sonar takes wide survey of ocean floor - July 18, 1999 Unlike other kinds of sonar that send out pulses in one direction to determine how far away something is, side-scan sonar sweeps out below and to the sides of the ship, giving a much broader picture. have brought in the Rude (pronounced Roo-dee), a research ship operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration that is equipped with what's called "side-scan sonar." The sonar is attached to a device known as a "fish," which is towed by a boat or submarine. www.cnn.com /US/9907/18/rude   (316 words)

Side Scan Sonar Side Scan Sonar technology has been available for years and is used by the military and scientific communities. Side Scan Sonars can search large areas quickly and provide an otherwise unobtainable view of the ocean floor. We can scan upwards of a football field to either side of the boat while generating images that are as clear and detailed as a photograph. www.aquaexplorers.com /side_scan_sonar.htm   (1075 words)

figure 2 text - Side-scan sonar data Side-scan sonar imagery overlain on bathymetry reveals a NW-SE trending sand-ridge morphology common throughout the inner shelf in this region. Data from a series of six closely spaced side-scan swaths in the nearshore are available only as interpretations of sonar imagery depicting two shades of gray (from Gelfenbaum et al., 1995). The dark (high backscatter) areas are largely coarse sediment veneer with increased carbonate material (primarily shell debris), or some hardbottoms. pubs.usgs.gov /of/1999/of99-508/frames/sonar/fig2-1.htm   (107 words)

Side Scan Sonar Operations In red is the side scan sonar record, with every 100th ping show. Load a side scan image using the top button on the left toolbar, or the File, Open sidescan record menu choice. In red it shows the positions recorded by the side scan computer, which records a position for every 100 pings of the fish. www.nadn.navy.mil /Users/oceano/pguth/website/so432web/sidescan/sidescan.htm   (1027 words)

EdgeTech Side Scan Series 4400-SAS Standard side scan sonar data in real-time to be supplied for QC purposes. Processed SAS side scan sonar imagery is returned to the 564 for data display and logging as the final sonar product. The length of the sub-element dictates the resolution of the sonar. www.edgetech.com /sidescanlevel3s4400.html   (890 words)

EdgeTech Side Scan Series 2400 Sonar and other data are transmitted to the surface via StarMux where a PC based data acquisition, storage, and printing processor running DISCOVER Side Scan Sonar software is the user interface to the underwater portion of the system. An important feature of Full Spectrum side scan sonar is the reduction of side lobes in the effective transducer aperture. Post mission side scan sonar data can be offloaded to the Model 563 Topside Display Processor running EdgeTech’s DISCOVER Side Scan Sonar software. www.edgetech.com /sidescanlevel3s2400.html   (881 words)

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