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Topic: Siege of Damascus

	Damascus
		Damascus allied itself with Soba against David, was conquered and obliged to receive a Jewish garrison (II K., viii, 5; I Paral., xviii, 5), but under Solomon it became the capital of an independent kingdom, established by Razon or Rasin (III K., xi, 24).
		When not engaged in mutual conflict the kings of Damascus and Samaria entered into alliances with the neighbouring princes against the powerful kings of Assyria, hence Damascus, usually at the head of the confederation is often mentioned in cuneiform inscriptions.
		Damascus was then the metropolis of Pheenicia Secunda, or Libanensis, with eleven suffragan sees, it was subject to the Patriarchate of Antioch and held the sixth rank in the hierarchy.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/d/damascus.html (1464 words)

	Damacus - Crystalinks
		Damascus became in effect the capital of an empire that stretched from the shores of the Atlantic Ocean to the Indus River basin and from south of France to west of China.
		Damascus became a metropolis by the beginning of the second century and in 222 it was upgraded to a colonia by the Emperor Septimius Severus.
		In 1400 by Timurlank, the Mongol conqueror, besieged Damascus.
	www.crystalinks.com /damascus.html (3977 words)

	Damascus
		Damascus, almost defenseless from a military point of view, is the natural mart and factory of inland Syria.
		The charm of Damascus lies in the life of the bazaars, in the variety of types which may be seen there - the Druse, the Kurd, the Bedouin and many others - and in its historical associations.
		Afterward, under the early Byzantine emperor, Damascus, though important as an outpost of civilization on the edge of the desert, continued to be second to Antioch both politically and ecclesiastically.
	holycall.com /biblemaps/damascus.htm (3015 words)

	Damascus
		In the Middle Ages it was famous for the "Damascus blades" of the time of the Crusaders.
		Eliezer the Damascusite was from Damascus and the city name would thus mean something on the order of "The one who possesses or has possessions." (Based on Aram.
		When the Seleucid kingdom of Syria was established in 301BC, its capitol city was Antioch on the coast, and the center of power shifted west to the seacoast from the interior.
	www.realtime.net /~wdoud/topics/damascus.html (1393 words)

	Damascus - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
		The charm of Damascus lies in the life of the bazaars, in the variety of types which may be seen there--the Druse, the Kurd, the Bedouin and many others--and in its historical associations.
		In the time of David Damascus was an Aramean city, which assisted the neighboring Aramean states in their unsuccessful wars against David (2 Samuel 8:5).
		In 803 Mari' of Damascus, who is probably identical with the Ben-hadad of 2 Kings 13:3, Hazael's son, was made tributary to Ramman-nirari III of Assyria.
	www.studylight.org /enc/isb/view.cgi?number=T2511 (2384 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Damascus
		Damascus allied itself with Soba against David, was conquered and obliged to receive a Jewish garrison (2 Samuel 8:5; 1 Chronicles 18:5), but under Solomon it became the capital of an independent kingdom, established by Razon or Rasin (1 Kings 11:24).
		The most famous of these enemies of Israel was Hazael, who had ascended the throne of Damascus with the help of Elijah and Elisha (1 Kings 19:17; 2 Kings 8:28; 10:32; 13:3).
		Saul was brought to Damascus, lodged at Juda's in the Via Recta (today Souk el-Taouil), was baptized by Ananias (who is thought to have been the first Bishop of Damascus), preached Christ, and was obliged to flee by night to Arabia (Acts 9:3 sqq.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04611a.htm (1430 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: William of Tyre: Fiasco at Damascus 1148
		Damascus is the largest city of lesser Syria and is its metropolis, for as it is said, "Damascus is the head of Syria." [Is. 7:8] The city is also known as the Phoenicia of Lebanon and is named after a certain servant of Abraham who is believed to have founded it.
		On the western side of Damascus from which our troops approached, and on the northern side, too, the city enclosed far and wide by orchards which are like a dense woods or a shady forest, extending five miles or more toward Lebanon.
		To camouflage their plot they alleged that on the opposite side of Damascus, which faced south and west, there were neither orchards to strengthen the city nor any moat or river to hinder their approach to the walls.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/tyre-damascus.html (2903 words)

	'Amr-ibn-el-Ass - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It is not certain that `Amr assisted Khalid in the siege of Damascus, but very probable that he took part in the decisive battle of Yarmuk, 10th of August 636.
		After this battle he laid siege to Jerusalem, in which enterprise he was seconded a year later by Abu Obeida, then chief commander.
		After the surrender of Jerusalem `Amr began the siege of Caesarea, which, however, was brought to a successful end in September or October 640 by Moawiya, `Amr having obtained Omar's sanction for an expedition against Egypt.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /'Amr-ibn-el-Ass (747 words)

	Khalid bin Al-Waleed: The Sword of Allah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The loss of a large number of their officers, including the two top generals, had had a depressing effect on their spirits; and the fact that Damascus stood just behind, beckoning to them to come and be safe within its walls acted as a temptation to withdraw.
		Damascus now held a Roman garrison of about 15,000 to 16,000 soldiers, a considerable civil population comprising the permanent inhabitants and a large number of people from the surrounding region who had taken refuge in the city.
		The Muslim strength at Damascus is not recorded, but must have been quite a bit less than in the preceding month.
	www.swordofallah.com /html/bookchapter30page5.htm (744 words)

	ANE History: Israel and the Assyrias
		This meant the conquest of Damascus and the extension of Israelite sway at least to the souternmost extremities of Hamath to the north, called "the approaches to hamath." Since the days of the conquest, this point had been recognized as the accepted northern boundary of the promised land (Josh.
		Reduced to dire extremity and ignoring the encouraging anouncement of the impending doom of Damascus and Samaria, Ahaz dispatched an embassy with tribute to summon the aid of Tiglathpileser (2 Kings 16:7-8).
		In the long siege of Damascus, of which little is known, for not even Tiglathpileser's description of it is extant, King Panammu of Samal, a loyal Syrian tributary of the Assyrian monarch, sacrificed his life.
	www.theology.edu /lec20.htm (3490 words)

	Early history of Assyria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ultimately, even his sons rebelled against him and laid siege to him in his city; in the end he was murdered.
		The reign of Ashur-dan III (772-755) was shadowed by rebellions and by epidemics of plague.
		Sennacherib laid siege to Jerusalem, and the king of Judah, Hezekiah, was called upon to surrender, but he did not comply.
	www.angelfire.com /nt/Gilgamesh/assyrian.html (9518 words)

	The Crusades \|\| Imam Reza (A.S.) Network
		The crusaders laid siege to the city of Damascus.The siege lasted for some time, until the inhabitants of Damscus managed to send a message to Nur-ud-Din Zangi for help.
		On the other hand, with the occupation of Damascus by Nur-ud Din Zangi, a strong Muslim state came to be established next door to the Christian strongholds.
		The crusade began with a siege of the port of Accra by crusaders.
	www.imamreza.net /eng/imamreza.php?id=3057 (1703 words)

	Khalid bin Al-Waleed: The Sword of Allah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		All the early historians have quoted some sources as saying that the letter reached Abu Ubaidah while the Muslims were besieging Damascus, and that he did not inform Khalid of this until after the surrender of the city.
		In my view this is correct; and if it is, then Damascus could not have fallen in Rajab, 14 Hijri, for this information regarding the change of command could not possibly have been concealed from the Muslims for a whole year.
		As for the duration of the siege of Damascus, historians disagree.
	www.swordofallah.com /html/appendixbpage6.htm (615 words)

	A Probe Into The History of Ashura
		One of those valuable authorities is the sermon which Imam Sajjad, the fourth Imam delivered in Damascus, the capital of the Islamic caliphate, in the year 61 A.H. He acquired a very suitable opportunity, which he availed of in the most sublime manner.
		He opposed with great boldness the regime which had declared in the name of Islam the vilification of Imam Ali to be a religious duty and even a condition for the acceptance of worship, and laid down his life in pursuance of this task.
		Hujr did not reach Damascus and was killed at Marj Uzra, a place situated near that city, but even there he continued to say what he had to say and to defend Imam Ali's right.
	www.al-islam.org /ashura/46.htm (2529 words)

	Siege of Damascus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Both Louis and Conrad were persuaded to attack Damascus, although many of the nobles of Jerusalem considered this plan foolish, as the Burid dynasty of Damascus, though Muslim, were their allies against the Zengid dynasty.
		According to William of Tyre, on July 27 the crusaders decided to move to the plain on the eastern side of the city, which was less heavily fortified but had much less food and water.
		As a result of the Crusade, Damascus no longer trusted the Crusaders, and the city was formally handed over to Nur ad-Din in 1154.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Siege_of_Damascus (1059 words)

	The Siege of Damascus
		In the end they decided to besiege Damascus, for in their evil hearts they deluded themselves that they could take it, since the town and country districts merge into one another.
		The amir of Damascus, Mu'in ad-Din Unur, received several warnings of the invasion and made preaparations to defend his realm and repulse the enemy.
		On the tenth day of their siege of Damascus he mounted his ass, hung the cross round his neck.
	www.umich.edu /~iinet/worldreach/assets/docs/crusades/Damascus.html (808 words)

	Chapter 51: The Invasion of Syria by the Moslems.
		The sad tidings were carried to Damascus by the speed of grief and terror; and the inhabitants beheld from their walls the return of the heroes of Aiznadin.
		Yet the generous champion of Damascus refused to withdraw to his palace: his wound was dressed on the rampart; the fight was continued till the evening; and the Syrians rested on their arms.
		It was agreed that the sword should be sheathed, that the part of Damascus which had surrendered to Abu Obeidah should be immediately entitled to the benefit of his capitulation, and that the final decision should be referred to the justice and wisdom of the caliph.
	www.ccel.org /g/gibbon/decline/volume2/chap512.htm (8303 words)

	THE SECOND CRUSADE: THE SIEGE OF DAMASCUS, 1148
		The amir of Damascus, Mu'in ad-Din Unur, received several warnings of the invasion and made preparations to defend his realm and repulse the enemy.
		The army from Damascus had large numbers of auxiliaries; experienced Turkish storm-troopers, the citizen militia and volunteers fighting for the Faith.
		Thc population of Damascus, after the experiences of the last hours, were disheartened and uncertain what to do.
	www.arts.cornell.edu /prh3/259/texts/qalanisi.htm (1049 words)

	Outremer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		So, in the summer of 1139, while Zengi was laying siege to Damascus, a Christian army marched to its relief.
		The Frankish army was just threatening enough that Zengi could not risk being trapped between it and the Damascenes; he withdrew to Baalbeck to await a better moment.
		Damascus was an ally, if not a friend.
	crusades.boisestate.edu /Outremer/15.shtml (493 words)

	Chapter Six. Damascus in the Early Thirteenth Century
		Second, Damascus is a muddy or dusty city, in season; not so muddy as Homs, not so dusty as Cairo, and muddier when it is muddy than dusty when it is dusty, but markedly muddier and dustier than Aleppo.
		This last is the key to appreciating the finer quality of the Damascus capital: in the Aleppan example the two upper tiers are the same height, and the two tiers together are equal in height to the lowest tier.
		In Damascus, with the usual exception, there is no outer arch (the rule in Anatolian muqarnas portals) or frame except for a rectangular or segmental elevation of the cornice.
	www.sonic.net /~tallen/palmtree/ayyarch/ch6.htm (12159 words)

	bell tents
		1529 A.D. (Hans Sebald Beham, The Siege of Vienna)
		1536 A.D. (Erhard Schoen, The Siege of Munster)
		1628 A.D. (Williem Akersloot, The Siege of Harlem)
	www.geocities.com /historyoftents/tenttypes/bell.html (1941 words)

	Washington Irving, Mohammed and His Successors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Siege of Damascus continued.—Exploits of Derar.—Defeat of the imperial army.
		Siege of Damascus continued.—Sally of the garrison.—Heroism of the Moslem women.
		Barak repaired to Damascus and mingled in the retinue of Moawyah on the day appointed, which was the Moslem sabbath; then, as the usurper was officiating in the mosque as pontiff, Barak gave him what he considered a fatal blow.
	thriceholy.net /Texts/Irving6.html (17777 words)

	A History of Babylonia and Assyria -- Volume II
		But the ambition of Damascus to be actual head over all the western territory and mutual jealousies among the other states prevented any real union against the common oppressor.
		Hazael fled to Damascus and was pursued and besieged by the Assyrians.
		The king of Damascus was Mari; and Adad-nirari could scarcely have had a greater triumph than the humbling of the proud state which had marshaled so many allied armies against the advance of the Assyrians and had then held out single-handed so long against them.
	www.aina.org /books/ahba/ahba2.htm (21899 words)

	Bible History, Old Testament: Vol VII - Chapter 8
		But it correctly indicates, in accordance with the Assyrian inscriptions, the priority of the march against Israel to that upon Damascus, which is recorded in 2 Kings 16:9, and it seems also alluded to in 2 Chronicles 28:16, comp.
		But we learn that the siege of Damascus occupied two years; that Rezin was shut up in his capital, into which he had been driven; that not only was every tree in the gardens round Damascus cut down, but, in the language of the tablet, the whole land desolated as by a flood.
		With the capture of Damascus, the Damasco-Syrian empire, which had hitherto been a scourge for the punishment of Israel, came to an end.
	philologos.org /__eb-bhot/vol_VII/ch08.htm (4835 words)

	[No title]
		The earliest reference to it in Scripture is Genesis 15:2, in which Abraham complains that this "Son of possession", BEN MESHEQ, ELIEZER, the DAMESHEQ (Damascus), will "inherit his house." b.
		The city is mentioned one additional time during Abraham's time, in Genesis 14:15, where Abraham is said to have pursued the four kings of Mesopotamia "as far as Hobah, which is on the left hand (North) of DAMASCUS." 6.
		The work is supported by Christians who pray for the ministry and share in the expenses.
	www.realtime.net /~wdoud/documents/TOPICS_DOC/Damascus.doc (1583 words)

	World History 1100- 1200 AD
		It ended with an aborted siege of Damascus.
		- Henry II defeated William the Lion, King of Scotland at the siege of Alnwick Castle in 1174.
		He then laid siege to Jerusalem and captured it, although he did not sack the city after the conquest.
	www.multied.com /dates/1100ad.html (790 words)

	Chapter Sibyl's Books <i>to</i> Siegfried of S by Brewer's Readers Handbook
		And the good old man lifted up the cloth, and found there these words written: “The Siege of sir Galahad.”—Malory: History of Prince Arthur, iii.
		Siege of Corintn (The), a poetical version of the siege which took place in 1715.—Byron (1816).
		Damascus was besieged by the Arabs while Eu’menês was governor.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/174/1129/14993/3.html (388 words)

	Revival of Assyrian Empire: 745-730 BC
		Tiglath-Pileser accepted his offer and in the year 734, he marched his army into Syria and found the army of Rezon, a Syrian king, waiting for him.
		He left part of his army at Damascus to continue the siege, and set out with the rest to attack Israel.
		In the year 732, the siege of Damascus was completed.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/middleEast/ReviveAssyria.html (382 words)

	St. Louis Crusade
		The latter consented to allow the former to be master of Damascus, but on condition that the town should be a fief to Egypt, and that the coin should be struck in his name.
		ImadEddin, on his part, raised troops in Damascus: they marched under the orders of MelikMansour, prince of Hemesse.* The Franks were likewise ready to take the field; and the two bodies met at Acre, when they formed but one army.
		They marched conjointly to the siege of Damascus, and reduced the town to the utmost distress from want of provision.
	www.ordotempli.org /st__louis_crusade.htm (8546 words)

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