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Topic: Siege of Kerak

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	Kerak - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kerak, once a part of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, lies to the south of Amman on the King's Highway.
		Kerak has been inhabited since at least the Iron Age, and was an important city for the Moabites (who called it Qir of Moab) and the Nabateans.
		The siege took place during the marriage of Humphrey IV of Toron and Isabella of Jerusalem, and Saladin, after some negotiations and with a chivalrous intent, agreed not to target their chamber while his siege machines attacked the rest of the castle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kerak (738 words)

	Wikipedia: Kerak
		Kerak was a Crusader castle in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, now located in Jordan.
		The siege took place during the marriage of Humphrey and his second wife Isabella, and Saladin agreed not to target their chamber while his siege machines attacked the rest of the castle.
		The castle of Kerak is a notable example of Crusader architecture, a mixture of European, Byzantine, and Arab designs.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/k/ke/kerak.html (334 words)

	ORB: The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies
		Baldwin laid siege to it in 1103 and the city was on the point of surrendering when it was saved by an Egyptian fleet.
		In 1137 Zengi was laying siege to Homs, in an attempt to reduce its emir to obedience.
		Shaizar and Amalric fought to a standstill in a war that was mostly one of siege and position.
	www.the-orb.net /textbooks/crusade/jerusalem.html (16162 words)

	Kerak (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Kerak was a Crusade r castle in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, now located in Jordan.
		In 1176 Raynald of Chatillon gained possession of Kerak after marrying Stephanie de Milly, the widow of Humphrey III of Toron (and daughter-in-law of Humphrey II).
		The castle of Kerak is a notable example of Crusader architecture, a mixture of Europe an, Byzantine, and Arab designs.
	www.vvvvitamins.com /article-Kerak.html (380 words)

	Kerak, Jordan
		He made Kerak the new capital of the province, for it was superbly situated on the King's Highway, where it could control all traffic from north and south and grow rich by the imposition of road-tolls.
		There were -as there are today- two parts of Kerak, both contained within stout walls, but the citadel and its fortress are separated from the town by a deep dry moat.
		Kerak is still a largely Christian town, and many of today's Christian families trace their origins back to the Byzantines.
	www.atlastours.net /jordan/kerak.html (715 words)

	Humphrey IV of Toron - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In November of 1183 the teenage Humphrey and the eleven-year-old Isabella were married in the fortress of Kerak (the seat of the lordship of Oultrejourdain), which was besieged by Saladin shortly afterwards.
		Humphrey's mother convinced Saladin not to direct his attack against the tower in which the newly married young couple lived, although he continued to besiege the rest of the fortress; Kerak was eventually relieved by King Baldwin IV.
		Humphrey was captured at the Battle of Hattin that year, but was released and returned to Kerak to prepare for its defense.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Humphrey_IV_of_Toron (758 words)

	kerak (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		There were-as there are today-two parts of Kerak,both contained within stout walls,but the citadel and its fortress are separated from the town by a deep dry moat.The fortress is typically Crusader,with dimly lit stone-vaulted rooms and corridors leading into each other through heavy arches and doorways.
		In 1963 the Mamluk Sultan Baybars took Kerak and destroyed the church of Nasareth.The castle's strength was fascinating.
		Under the Ottomans it was ruled by local families until 1840,when Ibrahim Pasha,son of Mohammad Ali of Egypt,took it, greatly damaging its defences.After the First World War,Kerak was a British administrative centre until the Emirate of Transjordan was established in 1921.It remains the centre of a large disrict.
	www.jordanmaakstudio.com /kerak.html (132 words)

	Kerak (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Kerak telor is made up of a spoon of glutinous...
		for four years, is one of the surviving kerak telor vendors, most of whom live in Mampang...
		The word kerak refers to the surface and bottom of the...
	hallencyclopedia.com /Kerak (692 words)

	MADABA
		The first witness of a Christian community in the city, with its own bishop, is found in the Acts of the Council of Calcedonia in 451 AD, wherein Constantine, Metropolitan Archbishop of Bostra, the provincial capital, signs also on behalf of Gaiano bishop of the Medabeni.
		The re-occupation of the city ruins by 90 Christian families from Kerak, in the south, led by two Italian priests from the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem in 1880, saw the start of archaeological research.
		A remnant of the Roman siege ramp is on west side, and the Roman camps are visible on the hill to the west.
	jor_guide.tripod.com /id11.html (745 words)

	Kerak at opensource encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Kerak lies on the ancient King's Highway, 75 miles south of Amman, Jordan...
		One of the most famous villages around Kerak is al-Rabbah, which was the second capital city...
		Keresztény Advent Közösség (a továbbiakban KERAK) hivatalos weboldalai, melyeken...
	www.springknow.com /Kerak.html (541 words)

	Reginald: Wolf of Kerak
		(8) The Trans-Jordan and its massive citadel of Kerak proved to be the ideal base of operations for a warlord of Reginald's nature: the Wolf had, at last, found his lair.
		Wielding death in their callused sword-hands, the bloody Lord of Kerak and his merciless riders carried terror and devastation deep into the heart of Arabia.
		The Lord of Kerak and Gerard de Riddeford, the Grand Master of the Templars, old allies in sowing chaos and discord, gained the King's ear.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Forum/3807/features/kerak.html (5067 words)

	Crusader walkthrough
		Trace the route to be taken with 5 strongholds and 4 waterholes stopover.
		Trace the route from Acre, Haiffa, Caesarea, Nablus, Jericho, Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Hebron, Paumier and Kerak.
		Between the siege of Kerak and the facing Raymond of Tripoli's army, Saladin lifted the attack on the garrison.
	www.gameboomers.com /wtcheats/pcCc/crusader.htm (4484 words)

	Escursioni Bibliche: Giordania
		Kerak is identified with the capital city of Moab (2Kings 3:25; Is 16:7.11; Jer 48:31), a place well known by all ancient sources, cf.
		Most famous among the princes of Kerak was René de Chatillon, who married Etiennette de Milly in 1177 A.D. From this stronghold, he commanded all the Transjordanian region and the gulf of Aqaba.
		Ahmad son of al-Nasir-Muhammad, in 1342 A.D., made briefly Kerak the capital of the Mameluke sultanate.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/ofm/sbf/escurs/Giord/07GiordEn.html (706 words)

	"Kingdom of Heaven": Sorting Fact from Fiction
		She stayed married to Guy until her death during the siege of Acre, a few years after the events in “Kingdom of Heaven.” There is no record of any romance between Sibylla and Balian.
		The huge line-to-line charge depicted in the movie never occurred during the siege of Kerak and was an extremely rare event between these armies.
		Kerak was well southeast of Jerusalem, on the opposite side of the Dead Sea from the city, removed by some distance from most of these events.
	www.richardwarrenfield.com /essay029.htm (3175 words)

	Volume VI Chap 9 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As the Wady widens, the ground is cultivated "with olives, figs, pomegranates, and a few vineyards and patches of corn." Soon Kerak itself is seen, towering high aloft.
		The plateau on which the town stands is almost level, and measures from 800 to 1000 yards on each face of the triangle which the city forms, and of which the north-eastern side is the longest.
		Here, and to a less degree at the south-west angle, the plateau is connected with the heights which surround Kerak on every side.
	www.powerofchrist.net /OT2/volume_vi_chap_9.htm (3882 words)

	CanMag- Movies- Kingdom of Heaven: Sorting Fact from Fiction
		Balian’s presence in Jerusalem at the time of Saladin’s siege was a convergence of circumstances, not a calculated choice.
		The chronicles from the period show Guy to be a weak-willed, vacillating leader, not competent to handle the challenges of his position.
		He eventually began a siege at Acre which culminated when Richard the Lionheart arrived from England to finalize the capture of the coastal fortress by Christians in 1192.
	www.canmag.com /news/4/3/1150 (2016 words)

	Israel & Jordan Tour IS3 Itinerary - Adventure Tours (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This was the first city captured by the Israelites in the promised land after their 40 years in the wilderness.
		They laid siege and brought down the city walls with the blare of their priests’ trumpets.
		Prior to the arrival of the Israelites around 1200 BC, the climate and the perennial spring of Ein as-Sultan had attracted prehistoric nomads to the area.
	www.adventures-abroad.com /tours/htm/IS3.htm (2744 words)

	The world's top humphrey ii of toron websites
		Humphrey was defeated by Nur ad-Din at Banias in 1157 and was besieged in its castle until Baldwin III arrived to lift the siege.
		In 1173 Humphrey relieved Nur ad-Din's siege of Kerak in Oultrejordain.
		In 1176 his importance at the royal court was somewhat lessened due to the influence of Agnes of Courtenay, but he kept his position as constable.
	dirs.org /wiki-article-tab.cfm/humphrey_ii_of_toron (470 words)

	Al-Muhajabah's Islamic Blogs Archives: May 28, 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Whilst besieging the Castle of Kerak, on his march to Jerusalem, Saladin learnt that a wedding ceremony was underway in a part of the castle.
		Despite having violated a treaty by slaughtering 3,000 men at Acre, when Richard's horse was killed at Jaffa, Saladin sent two of his own horses to replace it.
		After his death in 1193, they did not find Swiss bank accounts of money pilfered from his people, but an empty personal treasury; emptied by his charity to those in need.
	www.muhajabah.com /islamicblog/archives/2005/05/28.php (579 words)

	THE TRAVELS OF IBN JUBAYR
		In this connection we saw at this time, that is the month of Jumada 'l-Ula, the departure of Saladin with all the Muslims troops to lay siege to the fortress of Kerak, one of the greatest of the Christian strongholds lying astride the Hejaz road and hindering the overland passage of the Muslims.
		It occupies the choicest part of the land in Palestine, and has a very wide dominion with continuous settlements, it being said that the number of villages reaches four hundred.
		This Sultan invested it, and put it to sore straits, and long the siege lasted, but still the caravans passed successively from Egypt to Damascus, going through the lands of the Franks without impediment from them.
	www.arts.cornell.edu /prh3/259/texts/jubayr.htm (2406 words)

	Women-At-Arms
		One of these most famous doughty female warriors was Gildippe, the Flemish wife of a French Knight in the train of Raymond de Chatellon and by all known records she swung a very pretty sword indeed.
		There was perhaps little place for women (as warriors) in the mediaeval armies, though a vast number of women as Joan of Arc and Isabella of Castile followed the army train as wives and sweethearts and odd bits and pieces picked up by the army.
		There is the case of Mary Anne Talbot who joined the infantry as a drummer, was severely wounded at the 1793 siege of Valenciennes; deserted and after some surprising adventures aboard a privateer took service in the 74-gun ‘Brunswick’.
	www.defencejournal.com /2001/november/women.htm (3028 words)

	Flit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The siege of Jerusalem is a bit of a mess...
		He also escaped, presumably alongside Raymond, and was allowed to travel from Tyre into Jerusalem just before the siege began by Saladin (the general Muslim respect for the man shown in the movie is borne out by the history texts).
		When Saladin descended on Jerusalem, he granted safe conduct out before the siege began to Balian's wife the dowager queen and their children, as well, and magnanimously also granted Balian his leave to stay and lead the defence.
	www.snappingturtle.net /flit/archives/2005_05_08.html (2254 words)

	Moab and Edom (BiblePlaces.com) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It is situated on an isolated hilltop, with a view in all directions.
		The Crusaders recognized the defensible aspect of the site and made Kerak one of their strongest fortresses in the Middle East in 1140 A.D. (pictured).
		The King’s Highway runs through the important cities of Heshbon, Medeba, Dibon, Kerak, Bozrah and Petra.
	www.bibleplaces.com /moabedom.htm (728 words)

	The Threshing Floor sample chapters. An historical adventure about the Knights Templar, set during the Crusades."> (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Dishonored and accused of treason, he finds his true enemies are hidden among his own ranks, and the tower of his code weakened by the siege of lies laid against him.
		Left for dead in the desert, he survives, but is seduced by the lure of vengeance and sets upon a new quest, one forbidden him by oath.
		Using her own tender weapons, she had laid siege to his heart and made him believe that her passion outdistanced his own.
	www.isp101.com /~mikenoel/threshsamp.htm (12093 words)

	File 1a - From 1095 to 1400AD - Merchants and Bankers Listings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Late March, Godfrey of Bouillon and Robert of Flanders join siege of Arqah.
		It arrived in 1123 to aid the siege of Tyre, "the Venetian Crusade".
		In May 1123 an army and a fleet from Egypt lays siege to Jaffa.
	www.danbyrnes.com.au /merchants/merchants1a.htm (14730 words)

	Kerak : QuicklyFind Info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Current topic : Kerak - View Index - Search for :
		In 1176 Raynald of Chatillon gained possession of Kerak after marrying Stephanie, the widow of Humphrey III of Toron (and daughter-in-law of Humphrey II).
		The siege took place during the marriage of Humphrey IV of Toron and Isabella of Jerusalem, and Saladin agreed not to target their chamber while his siege machines attacked the rest of the castle.
	www.quicklyfind.com /info/Kerak.htm (345 words)

	Son of Dogs & Foxes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Don Rodrigo was called by Moorish name of El Sid; Torquato Tasso made a beautiful Muslim woman Clorinda a heroine of his Gerusalemme liberata.
		At the siege of Kerak, Saladin ordered to cease fire during the wedding in the castle; while the queen mother had sent him a slice of wedding cake.
		Thus Muslim and Christian attitudes are very different from the Judaic: people may fight, it is human; but they should treat each other as fully human and equal.
	www.israelshamir.net /Left/SonDogFox.htm (1449 words)

	bunny?: 06/01/2005 - 06/30/2005
		Ironically, the wedding there was that of Princess Isabella and Humphrey of Toron...remember, Kerak was Renauld de Chatillon's castle...you know, the guy with the multicolored beard....) However, he was, first and foremost, the ruler of his empire, with the dream all his subjects and soldiers shared: to hold the Holy City again.
		The Siege of Jerusalem happened months afterwards; Balian of Ibelin, the real one, was indeed inside Jerusalem at that point, but originally jut to retrieve his wife, and his children.
		Balian wrote a letter to Saladin asking for his forgiveness for breaching his oath and engaging in hostilities, but he cited his duties to his King and God.
	www.soldierslive.blogspot.com /2005_06_01_soldierslive_archive.html (4738 words)

	Crusader Sites in Syria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		His mother, Sybil of Armenia, and his sister Lucie, dispute rulership with Bartholomeo Embriaco after the count's death.
		Mamluk Sultan Qala'un captures Tripoli after a 2 month siege.
		Saif ad-din Esendemir Kurgi, Arab Governor, improves castle.
	users.stlcc.edu /mfuller/Tripoli.html (402 words)

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