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Topic: Siege of Tobruk

	tobruk
		It was situated along the rocky mountains arround Tobruk from east to west.
		The west part which the most difficult especially after losing the hill of Medauar (after it this part od defence line was called "the gap"), was defeated by 26-th Infantry Brigade, the south one by 20-th Infantry Brigade and the south by 24-th Infantry Brigade.
		The German guns were situated as far as 8 km east of Tobruk which made them able to attack either the fortress or the harbour.
	www.kki.krakow.pl /piojar/brygad/brygad/tobruk/tobruk_e.html (2780 words)

	Tobruk; Australian toughness beats Rommel
		News that the garrison had been relieved was received in Australia with joy, but it was joy tinged with disappointment that the heroic band was not to have the supreme reward of marching out to share the triumph of the Imperial troops in their second drive across Libya.
		Cut off from their main forces, the AIF fell back on Tobruk, retired behind its strongly fortified perimeter and established the ring of fire and steel on which successive waves of German shock troops were shattered.
		Throughout the siege the AIF garrison operated with a perfect team work that ran from the front-line soldier, back through his immediate headquarters to the artillery, back to the higher formations, to the supply and ordnance workshops, and to the hospitals.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-battles/ww2/tobruk.htm (1995 words)

	KhadijaTeri - Libya - Tobruk
		Tobruk is a coastal city that is situated in north-eastern Libya on the Mediterranean Sea.
		Tobruk was known by the Greeks as the 'Opposite Fortress', possibly because it was situated on the east side of the Bay of Bomba while Derna's fortress was across from it on the west side of the bay.
		Tobruk was seized by the Italians in 1911 and became part of their African colonial empire.
	www.khadijateri.com /tobruk.html (1269 words)

	Siege of Tobruk [Australian War Memorial]
		The 2/13 Battalion was the only Australian unit left in Tobruk when the siege ended on 10 December.
		The German propagandist Lord Haw Haw (William Joyce) derided the troops as the "Rats of Tobruk", a term proudly embraced as an ironic compliment.
		During the siege of Tobruk, Australian ships such as HMAS Parramatta (pictured) shared the task of keeping the vital supply line open and evacuating the wounded.
	www.awm.gov.au /encyclopedia/tobruk/index.htm (305 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Tobruk is a small port on the coast of Cyrenaica.
		Like the much smaller port of Benghazi, Tobruk was built by the Italians as one of the main Lybian defences from the east and as a naval base.
		In the night time darkness of November 21/22 the Tobruk troops got into their positions, hearing the distant sounds of the 8th army fighting at Sidi Rezegh, the Allied force felt relief was near, but it was not until 10th of December that after 242 days, the siege of Tobruk ended.
	www.btinternet.com /~panzer.faust/tobruk.htm (562 words)

	Sahara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Tobruk was located along the German's supply line and it had to go.
		The Italian XXI Corps conducted the siege of Tobruk along with the German 21st Armoured Division.
		An attack was made from Tobruk to try to meet up with the other Allied troops, but it was unable to meet the main British forces.
	www.vernonjohns.org /snuffy1186/sahara.html (341 words)

	The siege of Tobruk
		The story of the Tobruk garrison begins in April 1941 when the Germans, striking with unexpected speed and mechanised strength, thrust the Imperial Forces back from Benghazi and across the Cyrenaican plains to the Egyptian frontier.
		The strategy of Major General L J Morshead, of the Tobruk garrison, was simply this: to hold the town at all costs, and, by offensive forays, to force the enemy to divert greatly superior forces to hold a dangerous threat and thus weaken his drive against Egypt.
		The siege was only a couple of months old when the renegade Lord Haw Haw, broadcasting from Berlin, coined the description "Rats of Tobruk," and applied it to the garrison because most of its men could find shelter only underground while the bombers were overhead.
	www.anzacday.org.au /history/ww2/anecdotes/tobruk.html (1435 words)

	Siege of Tobruk - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For most of the siege, Tobruk was defended by the Australian 9th Division under General Sir Leslie Morshead.
		The Royal Navy also played an important role in Tobruk's defense; it provided gunfire support, ferried in supplies and fresh troops and ferried out the wounded.
		Rommel nonetheless captured Tobruk in a new offensive in 1942 in the Battle of Gazala.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Siege_of_Tobruk (295 words)

	Rats and Scrap Iron
		Advancing west along the Libyan coast, the 6th Australian Division captured Tobruk from the Italians on 21-22 January 1941 and the town became a garrison for the Australian and British forces.
		For eight months, from April to December 1941,Tobruk was besieged and Australian forces, notably the men of the 9th Division, the 18th Brigade of the 7th Division and RAN ships of the famous 'scrap iron flotilla' played a prominent role in the town's defence.
		The defiance of the defenders of Tobruk raised morale in the countries of the British Empire and Commonwealth.
	www.ww2australia.gov.au /scrapiron (897 words)

	BBC - WW2 People's War - Siege of Tobruk - A1124777
		Outcome: The Australian, British and Polish divisions under siege in Tobruk were twice attacked by Rommel's forces, and both times retained control of the Libyan port.
		Tobruk was garrisoned by the 9th Australian Division, and was attacked by German and Italian forces on 13 and 15 April.
		Tobruk was captured by the Germans and the 35,000-strong garrison taken prisoner of war.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/ww2/A1124777 (742 words)

	Rats of Tobruk - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Rats of Tobruk was the name given to the soldiers of the garrison who held the Libyan port of Tobruk against the Afrika Corps, during the Siege of Tobruk in World War II.
		Against all odds, the Rats held Tobruk until December of 1941, when they were replaced by the British 70th Infantry Division which were brought in by the Royal Navy at the start of Operation Crusader which would lift the siege.
		The association's ensignia shows the elements of a large uppercase letter 'T' for Tobruk, a long-tailed desert rat, and a crown mimicking Tobruk's official pre-war city flag which was liberated from the city's hall during the siege.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rats_of_Tobruk (765 words)

	Defence Documentary wins International Award
		The documentary Defence Values: The Siege of Tobruk received high acclaim from the festival judges, winning the Silver Screen Award for second place in the motivational/inspirational category and third place for creative excellence in the documentary category.
		Historical footage of Tobruk and interviews with veterans of the siege are dramatically represented in the documentary, which also illustrates the harsh conditions that allied forces endured and the huge odds they confronted in the face of a determined enemy.
		Defence Values: The Siege of Tobruk was produced by Defence’s Inspector General Group in cooperation with Defence Digital Media and the Rats of Tobruk Association.
	www.minister.defence.gov.au /Broughtpl.cfm?CurrentId=3895 (303 words)

	Tobruk: The Dinkum Oil
		The ensuing siege was the longest in British military history.
		During the siege the defenders published a newspaper called The Dinkum Oil.
		This year is the 60th anniversary of the siege.
	members.ozemail.com.au /~johncor/TobrukHome.html (88 words)

	Rats of Tobruk Memorial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Unveiled in 1983, the memorial is based on the 1941 memorial in Tobruk War Cemetery which was built by Australian soldiers during the siege.
		The Tobruk Garrison was ordered to delay the advance of the Afrika Corps to enable the Allies to assemble reinforcements for the defence of Egypt.
		The German siege of the Libyan seaport town of Tobruk began on 10 April 1941.
	www.skp.com.au /memorials/pages/00008.htm (551 words)

	BBC - WW2 People's War - Siege of Tobruk 1941 Category
		The Siege of Tobruk, by Charles W Blanks In drab army lorries we drove past the waves, 'Til we entered...
		I was a Tobruk rat, and still am at 94 years of age
		This was one of the attacks to try to take Tobruk which failed and then Rommel bypassed the fortress,...
	www.bbc.co.uk /ww2peopleswar/categories/c55230 (694 words)

	Second World War Books Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Two lengthy chapters on the first siege of Tobruk are propelled by numerous photos, all of them fresh and well-chosen.
		Johnston narrates the siege with details from all the photographs, noting, for example, in one snapshot that one man was later killed in New Guinea, another died at Tel el Eisa, and a third was killed at El Alamein.
		From Tobruk the division and the book move to Syria for a short chapter, then back to the desert to El Alamein for their climactic contribution to the war against Rommel.
	www.sonic.net /~bstone/archives/020707.shtml (831 words)

	Royal Australian Navy Gun Plot The Spud Run
		The eight month long siege of Tobruk in 1941, which saw the name 'Rats of Tobruk' (first coined by Radio Berlin as a contemptuous one) take a proud place in Australian history was one of the greatest stories of bravery and endurance against overwhelming odds in the history of modern warfare.
		At the beginning he thought that the small garrison at Tobruk would not be a problem and would easily be overthrown.
		The Story of the "Rats of Tobruk" has become part of Australian folklore, but not quite as well known is tale of the unique naval battle of Tobruk............
	www.gunplot.net /spudrun/spudrun.htm (350 words)

	Tobruk - Speech from from the Australian Minister for Trade (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The famous Siege of Tobruk lasted from 11 April to 7 December 1941.
		The end of the siege of Tobruk was not the end of the war for many of the service personnel who served here.
		Jack Edmondson was carried out of the line to a nearby medical aid post where he died early on the morning of 14 April surrounded by his mates.
	www.trademinister.gov.au.cob-web.org:8888 /speeches/2002/020715_mvt_tobruk.html (546 words)

	Rats Of Tobruk Memorial
		Early in 1998 the Bundaberg Rats of Tobruk (R.O.T.) committee approached the Bundaberg City Council to consider allocating some land, suitable in position and size, to erect a Memorial to commemorate the historic “Siege of Tobruk”, from 10
		Division Engineers in the Tobruk cemetery during the 242 day siege, dedicated to those who paid the supreme sacrifice and those who have died since.
		The site chosen by Council, was part of a park constructed by the Lions Club of Bundaberg some 20 years previous, and at a meeting between Council, R.O.T, and the Lions Club of Bundaberg, it was agreed that the proposal would be a wonderful community project.
	www.users.bigpond.com /acwjcw/html/rats_of_tobruk_memorial.html (855 words)

	SDEHS/History/Stages 4 & 5/Online lessons
		Similar qualities were displayed by Australian soldiers during the siege of Tobruk.
		Find and write about examples from the siege of Tobruk that illustrate some of these qualities.
		Thus, Sir William Dean is able to compare the Gallipoli campaign and the siege of Tobruk because, although they were different types of warfare in different ward, in both of these actions, the Australian soldiers involved displayed similar qualities, qualities which make up the Anzac Spirit
	www.ssdec.nsw.edu.au /history/world_war2.html (741 words)

	Tobruk
		Erwin Rommel was forced to abandon his siege of Tobruk on 4th December, and the following month had moved as far west as Archibald Wavell had achieved a year previously.
		British forces under General Leslie Morshead repulsed German attacks on the fortress and on 4th December, 1941, Rommel decided to abandon the siege of Tobruk.
		The British Army recaptured Tobruk on 13th November, 1942, bringing the battle at El Alamein to an end.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /2WWtobruk.htm (800 words)

	Diggers: In Their Own Words; For Valour — Roden Cutler V.C.
		During the siege of Tobruk, Australians and others earned a famous insult from German propagandists when described as 'Rats'.
		Although the 8th Army proudly accepted this name, the 7th Armoured Division was already known as the ‘Desert Rats’ since it had adopted the jerboa, or 'desert rat', as its symbol.
		DEBATE the proposition that “Montgomery was successful in North Africa because the hard work had aready been done by the commanders hom he replaced”.
	www.foxtel.com.au /1769.htm (802 words)

	Desert Campaign (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Tobruk fell to Rommel in June and the Allies prepared to retreat to the Suez Canal.
		Tobruk - the longest siege in British military history, and a word that conjures up all the dramas and tribulations of war in the Western Desert.
		Furthermore, the fresh look at Rommel - who suffered his first defeat at Tobruk - helps the reader decide whether this famed commander was a master strategist, an opportunist and exploiter of errors, or a self-promoter and stimulator of the myth that surrounded him.
	www.militaryshop.co.uk /desert_campaign.htm (999 words)

	The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders (Princess Louise's) - Scottish Regiments, 1st Battalion A&SH, National ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		However, there were severe losses of all nationalities on the Allied side and the War Cemetery at Tobruk is a testament to that.
		The local people tell heroic stories of the siege of Tobruk during World War II and how they saw wave after wave of brave Black Watch soldiers being mowed-down as they advanced to liberate the town.
		While on detachment in Tobruk it was a good opportunity to learn something of the action that took place in the Siege of the town during WW II and to see at first hand the devastation to lives, caused by the fighting.
	www.it-serve.co.uk /argylls/tobrukcemetery.php (288 words)

	Amazon.com: Tobruk 1941: Rommel's opening move (Campaign): Books: Jon Latimer,Jim Laurier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		However, it is important to note that this volume does not cover the entire siege of Tobruk, only the period from Rommel's initial offensive on 24 March to the end of Operate "Battleaxe" on 17 June 1941.
		Since the siege continued until late November 1941, this period will presumably be covered in another volume on "Operation Crusader".
		The section on opposing armies is totally superficial, focusing on a general discussion of anti-tank and anti-aircraft guns, rather than discussing the units involved in the siege.
	www.amazon.com /Tobruk-1941-Rommels-opening-Campaign/dp/1841760927 (1454 words)

	1841760927 - Tobruk 1941 by Jon Latimer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		What followed was the epic siege of Tobruk; a famous episode in desert war, where Wavell instructed General Morshead and his garrison to hold at all costs.
		One thorn remained in his side-the vital port of Tobruk continued to resist, If it could hold out Rommel's offensive might be halted.
		What followed was the epic siege of Tobruk; a famous episode in desert war, where Wavell instructed General Morshead and his garrison to h.
	www.biblio.com /isbnsearch.php?isbn=1841760927 (417 words)

	Blitzkrieg @ GamersInfo.net
		The Rats of Tobruk was the name given to the soldiers who held Tobruk, Libya against the Afrika Corps, during a period known as the Siege of Tobruk in World War II.
		Though other forces present included (in alphabetic order) British, Indian, Polish Independent Carpathian Brigade, and others, Tobruk was an Australian Garrison.
		Against all odds, the Rats held Tobruk tight until December of 1941, when they were evacuated by the British Navy after holding Tobruk for 250 days, a little over 8 months.
	blitzkrieg.gamersinfo.net /glossary/?id=8 (550 words)

	AWARD FOR TOBRUK RATS’ LESSONS ON DEFENCE VALUES
		The winning documentary ‘Defence Values: The Siege of Tobruk’ traces the brave stance taken by Australian and allied forces to hold the strategically important Port of Tobruk in North Africa in 1941.
		Mrs Vale said the documentary was a great tribute to those who served in the Middle East during the Second World War, and would provide future generations with an accurate record of the heroic actions undertaken during this period in history.
		"The historical footage of Tobruk and the interviews with veterans of the siege are dramatically represented in the documentary.
	www.minister.defence.gov.au /Valetpl.cfm?CurrentId=3115 (373 words)

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