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Topic: Siena

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Siena, Italy

Duomo di Siena

Torre del Mangia

Palio di Siena

University of Siena

Sienese School

University of Padua

Ambrogio Lorenzetti

Jacopo della Quercia

History of Tuscany

Duomo

Florence

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Sienna

Giovanni Pisano

	Siena On Line - Siena Hotels Agriturismi Ristoranti Cristalli e Vino tuscany siena Tuscany shopping Siena shop
		Siena is one of Italy' s most beautiful cities, situated in the center of Tuscany between the Chianti area and Maremma, rich in history, art and popular traditions; it is the city of the Palio.
		A few minutes away from the historical center of the city of Siena, is an ancient and prestigious Villa of 1700.
		The Hotel Minerva is situated in the historic center of Siena; the bedrooms have a view on the old Siena.
	www.sienaol.it (331 words)

	Siena travel guide - Wikitravel
		Siena [1] is an historic medieval city in the region of Tuscany, located in the north of Italy, and lying some 70 km (43 miles) south of Florence.
		Siena was a very poor little city for a few hundred years after its defeat, which is the main reason that its lovely Medieval buildings were never torn down and replaced with modern structures.
		Siena is a city (a small city, yes, but it isn't like one of the hill towns) and the attractions away from the Piazza/Duomo area are a bit spread out.
	wikitravel.org /en/Siena (2426 words)

	Siena - LoveToKnow 1911
		Siena is divided into seventeen contrade (wards), each with a distinct appellation and a chapel and flag of its own; and every year ten of these contrade, chosen by lot, send each one horse to compete for the prize palio or banner.
		Siena was probably founded by the Etruscans (a few tombs of that period have been found outside Porta Camollia), and then, falling under the Roman rule, became a colony in the reign of Augustus, or a little earlier, and was distinguished by the name of Saena Julia.
		During the rule of the nobles and the mixed rule of nobles and popolani the commune of Siena was enlarged by fortunate acquisitions of neighbouring lands and by the submission of feudal lords, such as the Scialenghi, Aldobrandeschi, Pannocchieschi, Visconti di Campiglia, andc.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Siena (0 words)

	Siena - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Siena's republic, struggling internally between nobles and the popular party, usually worked in political opposition to its great rival, Florence, and was in the 13th century predominantly Ghibelline in opposition to Florence's Guelph position (the backdrop for Dante's Commedia).
		Siena's university, founded in 1203 and famed for its faculties of law and medicine, is still among the most important Italian universities.
		The nearest airport to Siena is that of Pisa.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Siena (1808 words)

	University of Siena - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The University of Siena (Italian: Università degli Studi di Siena, UNISI) in Siena, Tuscany, Italy is one of the older universities of Italy, founded in the 13th century, initially as a Studium.
		The occasion to increase their prestige and attract a larger number of pupils and professors presented itself to the Studium in 1321, when one of the students of the Alma Mater of Bologna was accused of kidnapping a young woman and then sentenced to death by the magistrates of Bologna.
		Siena perceived this as a declaration of war and was backed immediately by a general tradesmen’s strike, the intervention of all of the town’s institutions and by a genuine uprising of the population – all of which induced to minister to withdraw the project.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/University_of_Siena (1354 words)

	SIENA - LoveToKnow Article on SIENA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Siena is divided into seventeen contrade (wards), each with a distinct appellation and a chapel and flag of its own; and every year ten 6f these contrade, chosen by lot, send each one horse to compete for the prize palic or banner.
		During the rule of the nobles and the mixed rule of nobles and popolani the commune of Siena was enlarged by fortunate acquisitions of neighboring lands and by the submission of feudal lords, such as the Scialenghi, Aldobrandeschi, Pannocchieschi, Visconti di Campiglia, andc.
		Siena is indeed unsurpassed for its examples of i3th and 14th century Italian Gothic, whether in stone or in brick.
	35.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SI/SIENA.htm (7709 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Siena
		Siena itself the Guelphs, aided by Charles of Anjou, acquired the sovereignty in 1277.
		Siena was repeatedly assaulted by King Ladislaus of Naples, on account of its adhesion to the "Conciliabulum" of Pisa.
		Siena are Chiusi and Pienza, Grosseto, Massa Marittima, Sovana, and Pitigliano.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13779a.htm (2431 words)

	Siena history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The characteristic symbols of Siena are the “balzana” (a fl and white shield) and the she-wolf breast-feeding twins, the same emblem as Rome.
		In the VIII century, Charles Magnus defeated the Longobards and Siena passed under French rule: Siennese nobility was born from the core of noble Longobard and French families.
		In the XIII century, Siena became a true urban centre, thriving in the economic, political and artistic fields: the first banks and the important hospital St. Maria della Scala were born during this period.
	www.dantealighieri.com /siena_history.htm (582 words)

	Vino! Wine Countries: Explore Italy / Travel / Explore Siena, Italy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A visit to Siena is like journeying backwards through time: walking through the picturesque alleyways surrounding the famous Piazza del Campo, everything seems to have remained much as it would have been in medieval times, when the city enjoyed its greatest artistic and civil splendour.
		The appeal of this itinerary is that it traces the magnificence of Siena in its greatest period, the 13th to the mid-14th c.
		The historic centre of Siena concedes little to the modern; indeed the city was the first in Europe to to take steps to preserve its historic environment by closing the centre to traffic in 1966.
	www.vino.com /explore/article.asp?AID=228&CID=10&Cat=3 (1209 words)

	Siena Hotels - Siena Italy Hotel Reservations
		Hotel Villa Elda in Siena, city of art and culture, is situated near the town centre, Piazza del Campo and all the intresting turistic sites can be easily reached on foot in few minutes.
		The residence is situated in the centre near the "Palazzo Bardi" - ahistorical dwelling from the 1300, famous for its "Sopraintendenza alleBelle Arti", its architecture and its internal decorations on theceiling.It is also famous for its 1700...
		Among all hotelsin Siena, the Sangallo Park Hotel is located in a strategic position; easily reachable from the exit...
	www.traveleurope.it /itinerari/s/siena.shtml (623 words)

	The SIENA homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		SIENA is a program for the analysis of repeated (longitudinal, dynamic) data on complete social networks; and for Maximum Likelihood estimation in the Exponential Random Graph Model (ERGM), also called p* model.
		The basic approach used by SIENA for modeling network dynamics is an actor-oriented model, in which it is assumed that the social actors who are represented by the nodes in the network play a crucial role in changing their ties to other actors; in the case of associated behavior dynamics, also in changing their behavior.
		In this research program, the methodology used in SIENA is being extended to methods for analyzing the joint dynamics of networks and of individual behavior, and applied to several sociological research questions.
	stat.gamma.rug.nl /snijders/siena.html (1756 words)

	Siena/Sienna, Tuscany, Italy - Welcome to Siena. Or Sienna. You choose.
		Siena was founded by the Etruscans and became a Roman colony known as Saena Julia.
		Siena is built across a range of small hills, a unique position which gives it a pleasant atmosphere of being a collection of smaller towns.
		Because Siena is built across several hills and valleys, and much of it is pedestrianised (or what passes for it here), there is a fair bit of up and down walking involved in seeing the sights.
	www.knowital.com /Towns/sienandsan/html/siena_welcome.html (0 words)

	Siena, Italy - Travel Photos by Galen R Frysinger, Sheboygan, Wisconsin
		Siena retains its medieval architecture, including walls and gates that surround the city.
		Among the city's noteworthy public institutions is the University of Siena (1240), with faculties of medicine and law.
		In the 16th century Siena was subjugated by its rival, Florence.
	www.galenfrysinger.com /siena_italy.htm (159 words)

	Tuscany \| Destination Weddings in Siena
		It was not until the late Middle Ages however that Siena flourished and became an important center of art, finance and trade causing other cities such as Florence considerable jealousy and hence repeated warfare.
		Siena remains faithful to its traditions by celebrating annual festivities such as the Palio race, the trecherous bareback horserace around the Piazza del Campo held in July and August.
		The city of Siena is in the heart of the wine country and Chianti Classico's zone and a culinary highlight as you explore this region so rich in the best Italy can offer from olives producing deep green olive oil to Pecorino cheeses to the best steaks in the country.
	www.italian-weddings.com /destination_wedding_locations/tuscany/siena.html (0 words)

	Siena Hotels - Hotel in Siena - ITWG.COM
		According to legend Siena was founded by Senio, the son of Remus one of the two founders of Rome.
		The origin for the name of Siena, undoubtedly one of the most beautiful cities in Italy and in the world, is still a matter of research.
		A Ghibelline city, Siena often crossed swords with the Florentine Guelfs in epic and cruel battles that forged the history of medieval Italy.
	www.itwg.com /siena (0 words)

	Learn Italian in Siena. Italian course in Siena. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Siena is a walled, medieval city, and the absence of traffic and pollution creates a uniquely intimate atmosphere.
		Siena is an ideal location for exploring the cities of Tuscany, and our school offers full and half-day excursions to locations such as Chianti, Florence, San Gimignano and the coast.
		Siena is an excellent base for exploring the great cities of Tuscany during your Italian course.
	www.languagesabroad.co.uk /siena.html (825 words)

	Worldworx Travel - Features - Italy - Information - Siena (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Siena is situated right in the heart of the Chianti region in Tuscany, a region famous for its fine wines.
		The Campo of Siena is unusual in that it concaves inwards from the outsides.
		This has to be one of the most passionate ceremonies remaining in the world today, and families pass down the traditions for future generations to enjoy for eternity.
	www.worldworx.tv /italy/dc/information/siena.htm (395 words)

	Italian Stay ☼ Siena Rentals, Apartments, Villas, Siena Farm House rentals Siena.
		Siena has been able to conserve its ancient medieval characteristics integrally: buildings, small squares, narrow streets, back-streets and best of all, the warm, rich colour of red bricks.
		Though old, Siena enjoys all modem comforts; she has good hotels and restaurants and many little inns called "trattorie" where prices are reasonable.
		Siena sights to see : The Cathedral, Museum Opera del Duomo, The Baptistry of San Giovanni, Pinacoteca Nazionale art gallery, Piazza del Campo and Mangia Tower, The church of San Domenico, the church San Francesco, Basilica dell'Osservanza, Museum of Natural History.
	www.italianstay.com /siena/home.htm (370 words)

	About Siena, your tourist guide to Siena
		Siena Info monuments museums parks and gardens underground waterways fountains excursions around Siena travels in Tuscany walking and bike tours itineraries arts and crafts markets and festivals
		Siena, built on three hills and surrounded by well preserved walls, is filled with fine examples of Gothic architecture and has one of the world's most unique piazzas - il Campo - (shaped like a shell with scalloped edges).
		Siena makes an excellent base for other excursions in Tuscany, as it is not far from charming towns such as San Gimignano, Pienza, and towns world famous for wine, such as Montalcino and Montepulciano.
	www.aboutsiena.com (407 words)

	Italian Language School in Italy. Learn Italian in Siena (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It is said that the inhabitants of Siena are considered to speak the most correctly and, students of the language, actually stay here to learn the correct pronunciation.
		Siena’s warm character will ensure that your stay here will include new friends and a true taste of the dolce vita.
		Siena and its surroundings offer a variety of leisure activities, which our students might undertake by themselves.
	www.scuolaleonardo.com /Italian-language-school-Siena.html (393 words)

	Siena Las Vegas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Siena is distinguished by being smaller with just over 1,800 homes as opposed to around 7,000 projected at Anthem and by being guard gated, which Anthem is not.
		Siena was built by Sunrise Colony Corporation which also built most of the homes in Red Rock Country Club.
		Siena is at some altitude from the center of the city, however the flat terrain does not allow for much in the way of a view from most lots, unless the lot is on the golf course.
	www.milliefine.com /siena.htm (307 words)

	Siena Tourist Information \| Italy Heaven
		This is the secular heart of Siena, a sloping amphitheatre of a square, lined with cafe tables and thronged with tourists, school parties and locals.
		Early in its history, Siena was a Roman colony, and the later town retained pride in its past, with many statues and reminders of Romulus, Remus and the legendary she-wolf.
		Siena's railway station is a bus-ride from the centre of town - buy your 1-hour tickets first at the newsstand in the station (you must stamp them on the bus), then cross the piazza outside the station to the bus stop on the far side.
	www.italyheaven.co.uk /siena.html (0 words)

	Siena Holiday Resorts - Italy - Siena Travel Guide
		All of Siena's streets are a delight to explore but some of its notable landmarks include the Torre de Mangia, Palazzo Pubblico, the Duomo, Palazzo Piccolomini, Pinacoteca Nazionale and Museo dell'Opera.
		The Palazzo Pubblico still serves as Siena's town hall although sections of it are open to the public.
		Siena's spectacular Duomo is unsurpassed amongst Italy's churches, built in full Gothic style.
	www.wordtravels.com /Resorts/Italy/Tuscany/Siena (0 words)

	Cheap Car Hire & Rental in Siena Italy
		Siena situated in the very heart of Tuscany, is one of the most appealing towns in Tuscany and Italy’s most appealing regions.
		Siena has kept alive unusual and renowned traditions because of its cultural and economic stagnancy.
		Siena is unfortunately not the cheapest town but wide range of hotels and campsites are available in and around the city base provide accommodation if booked in advance.
	www.anycarhire.com /car-hire/siena.htm (259 words)

	Rick Steves' Europe: Siena? I Luuuv Siena!
		Siena seems to be every Italy connoisseur's pet town.
		Siena is just 30 miles south of Florence, and most tourists visit as a day trip.
		Sorry to be graphic, but walking around Siena an hour after the race, it was undeniable: the entire city had just enjoyed a simultaneous medieval orgasm.
	www.ricksteves.com /plan/destinations/italy/siena.htm (0 words)

	Siena : Introduction \| Frommers.com
		Siena still parcels out the rhythms of life, its rites of passage and communal responsibilities, to the 17 contrade (neighborhood wards) formed in the 14th century.
		Unfortunately for Siena, the battle was fought in alliance with ousted Florentine Ghibellines, who refused to allow the armies to press the advantage and level Florence.
		With Siena now Guelf again, Sienese merchants established in 1270 the Council of Nine, an oligarchy that ruled over Siena's greatest republican era, when civic projects, the middle-class economy, palace building, and artistic prowess reached their greatest heights.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/siena/0167010001.html (0 words)

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