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Topic: Signals (biology)

    Note: these results are not from the primary (high quality) database.

EEB Faculty - Bruce Lyon Communication through social signals is an important aspect of social evolution, and a second research interest is to understand the evolutionary dynamics of these signals and, in particular, determine the degree to which social signals are cooperative versus deceptive. One focus is to understand patterns of cooperation and reproductive parasitism in birds and insects. I seek to understand the ecological and evolutionary basis of reproductive strategies and social behavior in animals, particularly reproductive parasitism, parental care and mating systems. www.biology.ucsc.edu /faculty/lyon.html

Targeting of membrane transporters in renal epithelia: when cell biology meets physiology -- Brown 278 (2): 192 -- AJP - Renal Physiology Distinct signals in the GLUT4 glucose transporter for internalization and for targeting to an insulin-responsive compartment. One of the first targeting signals to be recognized on any protein was the mannose-6-phosphate residue on lysosomal hydrolases. AQP2 is phosphorylated by protein kinase A (PKA) and is moved toward cell surface in a microtubule- and microfilament-dependent fashion, with involvement of microtubule motors and actin motors. ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/278/2/F192

Jonathan M. Graff, Ph.D. / Molecular Biology We have found that the Mads are intracellular components of TGF-ß superfamily signaling and that individual Mad proteins are dedicated to transducing the signals for a specific subclass of TGF-ß ligands from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and that they are critical components of pattern formation. A central task in developmental biology is the elucidation of the mechanisms through which a radially symmetric egg becomes a patterned adult. BMP and other important endogenous signals are members of the TGF-ß superfamily. hamon.swmed.edu /faculty/graff2001.html

Earth Change News on Earth Changes TV on the Web When the scent first hits a moth's antenna, specialized nerve cells along the antenna recognize the odor and produce small electrical signals that are then transmitted to other nerve cells in the animal's brain. The electrical signals that start in the moth's antenna then make their way to the brain, where information is processed. Although moths have antennae that are a million times more sensitive to odor than is the human nose, researchers believe that the basic principles of this model olfactory system apply to all animals, including humans. www.earthchangestv.com /biology/March2001/0322behavior.htm   (923 words)

Professor David A Jans Jans, D.A., Chan, C.K. and Hübner, S. (1998) "Signals mediating nuclear targeting and their regulation; application in drug delivery" Med. Jans, D.A. (2000) "Signals targeting proteins to the nucleus and their application for drug delivery" Recent Advances and Research Updates in Medicine 1, 45-67 Trapani, J.A. and Jans, D.A. (1999) "Lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis: dual apoptotic pathways with overlapping cytoplasmic and nuclear signalling pathways" in Apoptosis: biology, mechanisms and role in disease (Kumar, S., ed.), Results Probl. www.med.monash.edu.au /biochem/staff/jans.html   (923 words)

SparkNotes: Signaling and Communication: Signal Types: Mechanisms and Relative Advantages Visual signals allow for a certain amount of cheating; that is, deceptive signals can lure receivers into responding to the benefit of the sender and the detriment of the receiver. Photuris fireflies are the only predatory species of firefly. Wary males are careful in responding to female displays of their own species for fear of being preyed upon by the Photuris females. www.sparknotes.com /biology/animalbehavior/signalingandcommunication/section2.rhtml   (923 words)

ESEBIX symposia We think the time is ripe for a major entry of phenotypic integration studies on the main stage of modern evolutionary biology, especially given the intrinsic interdisciplinarity of this sort of research, spanning from paleontology to developmental biology, from genomics to evolutionary ecology. The present distribution of many species in Europe is a result of colonization after the last ice age (Weichselian, 120k-10kya), and the genetic structure of species has been moulded by the range dynamics caused by climatic oscillations of glacial and interglacial periods during the Pleistocene (2.4my) (Hewitt 1996, 2000; Taberlet et al 1998). Sexual communication in insects may acquire various kinds of signals from acoustic cues to visual signals and pheromones. www.eseb.org /congress/symposia.htm   (3906 words)

Biotic Pollination There are some major differences in the basic biology of birds versus insects that are reflected in the features of flowers pollinated by these animals. Diurnal pollinators rely on visual signals, at least in part, while vespertine pollinators must rely more heavily on olfactory signals. Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) - Butterflies and moths constitute a diverse group, but many species of pollinating butterflies are diurnal (fly, hence pollinate by day), while many species of pollinating moths are vespertine (evening flying). online.sfsu.edu /~biol240/labs/lab_13pollination/pages/biopoll.html   (1070 words)

Daniel S. Kessler, Ph.D. VegT activation of Sox17 at the midblastula transition alters the response to Nodal signals in the vegetal endoderm domain. We have shown that VegT and Nodal signals are both necessary and sufficient for activation of endodermal gene expression. Expression of Panza, an a2-macroglobulin, in a restricted dorsal domain of the primitive gut in Xenopus laevis. www.med.upenn.edu /crrwh/Kessler.html   (1070 words)

Brown Medical School Calcium signals can spread rapidly over large distances within the embryo and are capable of regulating a wide variety of cellular processes, including secretion, cell motility, and gene expression. The central hypothesis of this project is that calcium signals play a key role in coordinating the signaling pathways that pattern the brain. Current research in my lab is focused on how calcium interacts with components of the midline signaling pathway, which induces the neural tube floorplate and ventral brain regions. www.brown.edu /Divisions/Medical_School/andera/person.php?id=367   (366 words)

The Theory of Honest Signaling - References A. Grafen (1990a) "Biological Signals as Handicaps," Journal of Theoretical Biology, 144:517-546. Maynard Smith and D. Harper (1995) "Animal Signals: Models and Terminology" Journal of Theoretical Biology, 177:305-311. Vega-Redondo and O. Hasson (1993) "A game-theoretic model of predator-prey signalling." Journal of Theoretical Biology, 162:309-319. octavia.zoology.washington.edu /handicap/references.html   (418 words)

Theoretical Biology, University of Bonn Theoretical biology is the original and comprehensive term, but other names such as systems biology, integrative biology, and bioinformatics are also used, in particular to highlight special applications. The aim of theoretical biology is to unveil general principles in the vast multitude of biological phenomena. Theoretical biology is inherently interdisciplinary and linked to many related fields, e.g., artificial life, complex adaptive systems, mathematical modelling, kybernetics, informatics, to name a few. www.theobio.uni-bonn.de /index_en.html   (418 words)

Targeting (biology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Targeting is the process of having proteins contain certain signals such that the proteins are directed specifically towards certain cellular locations. For other uses of the word, see Targeting (disambiguation). en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Targeting_(biology)   (418 words)

Bird song - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In modern-day biology, bird song is typically analysed using sound spectrograpy. Birdsong production is generally thought to start at the nucleus uvaeformis of the thalamus with signals emanating along a pathway that terminates at the syrinx. The avian vocal organ is called the syrinx; it is a bony structure at the bottom of the trachea (unlike the larynx at the top of the mammalian trachea). en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bird_song   (1591 words)

Department of Cell Biology - Halpain Spines are regulated by intracellular signals, including protein kinase C (PKC), that affect cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics. In contrast, non-phosphorylatable MARCKS induced spine elongation and increased the mobility of actin clusters. Dendritic spines are micron-sized protrusions of the postsynaptic neuronal membrane that play a key role in learning and memory. www.scripps.edu /cb/highlights/halpain.html   (469 words)

Folk biology and the anthropology of science Thus, the key feature of folk biology, belonging to a preferred taxonomic rank and a causally essential category, is induced from spatiotemporal analysis via a triggering algorithm that attends to a limited set of perceptual cues whose presence signals an organism as belonging to a generic species. Folk biology, which is present in all cultures, and the science of biology, whose origins are particular to Western cultural tradition, have corresponding notions of living kinds. The observations are that: the terms for commonsense generic species and the species terms used in science are often the same; and scientific classification did initially stem from commonsense classification. www.bbsonline.org /Preprints/OldArchive/bbs.atran.html   (469 words)

Nevins Photuris female mimic the flash signals of the Photinus females in order to draw in or seduce the male Photinus. The biology of the firefly has evolved in such a way that the firefly has the ability to perform these three factors. The Photuris female is a predator, she does not intend on mating with the Photinus male, she wants to eat him. www.colostate.edu /Depts/Entomology/courses/en507/papers_1999/nevins.htm   (469 words)

Introductory Biology Courseware- Glossary Habit- In biology, the characteristic form or mode of growth of an organism. Levels of organization- A basic concept in biology is that organization is based on a hierarchy of structural levels, with each level building on the levels below it. Excitable cells- A cell, such as a neuron or a muscle cell, that can use changes in its membrane potential to conduct signals. tidepool.st.usm.edu /crswr/glossaryen.htm   (11227 words)

Sloan-Kettering - Structural Biology: Nikola Pavletich In cancer, mutations and other alterations in these pathways lead to the uncoupling of cell growth from growth-regulatory signals and contribute to the unrestricted proliferation of the tumor cell. Our research group is interested in the structural biology of pathways that are altered in cancer, with particular emphasis on pathways that control the growth and proliferation of the cell. Our research has focused on the proteins and protein complexes that control the eukaryotic cell division cycle on the p53, retinoblastoma (Rb), DPC4/Smad4, VHL, and PTEN tumor suppressor pathways, and on a new class of chemotherapeutic compounds -- the histone deacetylase inhibitors. www.mskcc.org /mskcc/html/10848.cfm   (140 words)

Interactive Fly, Drosophila Therefore, the disappearance of staining signals is apparently due to reorganization of PCNA protein in the multiprotein complex in nuclei, rendering it inaccessible to the antibody, rather than to the degradation of PCNA protein. This cell-cycle-dependent staining pattern is identical to that of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Staining remains nil throughout the remaining mitotic (M) phases and reappears in nuclei at the next interphase. www.sdbonline.org /fly/polycomb/pcna4.htm   (885 words)

Encyclopedia article on Satellite [EncycloZine] Navigation satellite s are satellites which use radio time signals transmitted to enable mobile receivers on the ground to determine their exact location. The general criterion for an object to be a satellite is that the center of mass of the two objects is inside the other object. Weather satellite s are satellites that primarily are used to monitor the weather and/or climate of the Earth. encyclozine.com /Satellite   (885 words)

James E. Lloyd Male Photuris fireflies mimic sexual signals of their females' prey. Aggressive mimicry in Photuris fireflies: signal repertoires in femmes fatales. Model for the mating protocol of synchronously flashing fireflies. entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu /lloyd.htm   (885 words)

Folk biology and the anthropology of science Thus, the key feature of folk biology, belonging to a preferred taxonomic rank and a causally essential category, is induced from spatiotemporal analysis via a triggering algorithm that attends to a limited set of perceptual cues whose presence signals an organism as belonging to a generic species. Folk biology, which is present in all cultures, and the science of biology, whose origins are particular to Western cultural tradition, have corresponding notions of living kinds. The examples of biology do not apply straightaway to all of science, any more than those of systematics apply to all of biology, but they are central enough in the history of science to be a good place to begin. www.bbsonline.org /Preprints/OldArchive/bbs.atran.html   (885 words)

Jones Encyclopedia of Media & Technology Information Advances in the fields of physics, biology, engineering, chemistry, and computer science have enabled scientists to manipulate materials at the molecular and atomic levels, leading to the establishment of a new field called nanoscience or nanotechnology. In cable systems, the transportation system is used to link the antennas to the primary headends where signals are sorted and sent to customers. Offering telephone service was seen as a strategic play that could add incremental revenue from the industry's large customer base that already subscribed to television service. www.jonesencyclo.com /trends.cfm   (885 words)

Folk biology and the anthropology of science Thus, the key feature of folk biology, belonging to a preferred taxonomic rank and a causally essential category, is induced from spatiotemporal analysis via a triggering algorithm that attends to a limited set of perceptual cues whose presence signals an organism as belonging to a generic species. Folk biology, which is present in all cultures, and the science of biology, whose origins are particular to Western cultural tradition, have corresponding notions of living kinds. The examples of biology do not apply straightaway to all of science, any more than those of systematics apply to all of biology, but they are central enough in the history of science to be a good place to begin. www.bbsonline.org /Preprints/OldArchive/bbs.atran.html   (885 words)

CellPress Online “When small fat cells embedded in what is essentially a 3D molecular cage receive the appropriate external signals during development, it appears that they change their geometry—remodeling the surrounding matrix using an enzyme to chew the fibers,” said the study’s senior author Stephen Weiss of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. We will consider qualified candidates with scientific expertise in any area that falls within the scope of the journal including molecular and cell biology of pathogens, host immune response to pathogens, microbiology, therapeutics and vaccine design. Cell Press announced that access to the recent online archive of Cell and the other premier journals of the Cell Press collection became freely available beginning in January 2005. www.cellpress.com   (732 words)

Headlines@Hopkins: Johns Hopkins University News Releases When the antenna signals that the robot is veering too close to the wall, the controller steers it away. Cowan believes the cockroach-inspired antennae being developed by his team could eventually provide a new generation of robots with an enhanced ability to move safely through dark and hazardous locations, such as smoke-filled rooms strewn with debris. The key, Cowan said, is the cockroach's antennae, which touch adjacent walls and alert the insect to obstacles. www.jhu.edu /news_info/news/home05/mar05/antenna.html   (909 words)

Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations The conclusions drawn from the model illustrate the general result that stochastic resonance effects do not provide an avenue for signals that are much smaller than noise to affect biology. A further analysis demonstrates the effects of small signals in the shifting of biologically important chemical equilibria under conditions where stochastic resonance effects are significant. Didactic discussion of stochastic resonance effects and weak signals www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=404436   (215 words)

The role of Upf proteins in modulating the translation read-through of nonsense-containing transcripts -- Wang et al. 20 (4): 880 -- The EMBO Journal (1) The translating ribosome pauses at a premature termination codon and signals the eRF1–eRF3 complex to bind to its A site. Czaplinski,K., Weng,Y., Hagan,K.H. and Peltz,S.W. (1995) Purification and characterization of the Upf1p protein: a factor involved in translation and mRNA degradation. Hoshino,S., Imai,M., Kobayashi,T., Uchida,N. and Katada,T. (1999) The eukaryotic polypeptide chain releasing factor (eRF3/GSPT) carrying the translation termination signal to the 3'-poly(A) tail of mRNA. embojournal.npgjournals.com /cgi/content/full/20/4/880   (215 words)

Multiple Targeting Modules on Peroxisomal Proteins Are Not Redundant: Discrete Functions of Targeting Signals within Pmp47 and Pex8p -- Wang et al. 15 (4): 1702 -- Molecular Biology of the Cell Purdue, P.E., and Lazarow, P.B. Targeting of human catalase to peroxisomes is dependent upon a novel COOH-terminal peroxisomal targeting sequence. To visualize targeting in the two different cultures at equal intensity settings, fluorescent images of the raffinose are oversaturated; puncta are larger than the corresponding organelles in this case. with the targeting machinery for basal and induced peroxisomes, www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/15/4/1702   (215 words)

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