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Topic: Signals intelligence

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	Federal Bureau of Investigation - Directorate of Intelligence - "INTS" - The Intelligence Collection Disciplines
		While some intelligence is indeed collected through clandestine operations and known only at the highest levels of government, other intelligence consists of information that is widely available.
		Communications Intelligence (COMINT) is a type of SIGINT and refers to the interception of communications between two parties.
		Open-Source Intelligence (OSINT) refers to a broad array of information and sources that are generally available, including information obtained from the media (newspapers, radio, television, etc.), professional and academic records (papers, conferences, professional associations, etc.), and public data (government reports, demographics, hearings, speeches, etc.).
	www.fbi.gov /intelligence/di_ints.htm (640 words)

	Signals Intelligence
		SIGINT is derived from the signals environment that is described by the graphic above.
		Human Intelligence (HUMINT) is primarily the responsibility of the CIA and DIA,
		Military Intelligence and Measurement and Signature Intelligence (MASINT) belongs to DIA.
	www.nsa.gov /sigint/index.cfm (490 words)

	Frequently Asked Questions - SI
		Signals Intelligence is technical and intelligence information derived from the exploitation of foreign electronic emissions which is comprised either individually or in combination of communications intelligence (COMINT), electronic intelligence (ELINT), and foreign instrumentation signals intelligence (FISINT).
		NSA/CSS’s Signal Intelligence mission is to intercept and analyze foreign adversaries' communications signals, many of which are protected by codes and other complex countermeasures.
		Executive Order 12333 authorizes agencies of the intelligence community to produce foreign intelligence and foreign counterintelligence consistent with applicable U.S. law and with full consideration of the rights of United States persons.
	www.nsa.gov /about/about00020.cfm (893 words)

	Definition: foreign instrumentation signals intelligence
		Intelligence information derived from electromagnetic emissions associated with the testing and operational deployment of foreign aerospace, surface, and subsurface systems.
		Foreign instrumentation signals intelligence is a category of signals intelligence.
		Note: Foreign instrumentation signals include but are not limited to signals from telemetry, beaconry, electronic interrogators, tracking/fusing/ arming/firing command systems, and video data links.
	www.atis.org /tg2k/_foreign_instrumentation_signals_intelligence.html (110 words)

	United States Signals Intelligence Directive (USSID) 18 - 27 July 1993
		Information other than distress signals collected during training that does not involve authorized intelligence targets or that is acquired inadvertently shall be destroyed as soon as practical or upon completion of the training and may not be disseminated outside the USSS for any purpose.
		Signals intelligence reports containing information derived from communications to or from me may only be disseminated to me and to ___________________________________.
		Signals intelligence reports containing information derived from communications referencing me and related to the purpose stated above may only be disseminated to me and to __________________________________ except as otherwise permitted by procedures under Executive Order 12333.
	cryptome.org /nsa-ussid18.htm (9813 words)

	Defense Intelligence Agency
		Intelligence collection, analysis, and dissemination were geared to ascertaining the current state of play and to estimating future developments behind the Iron Curtain.
		The requirement, from mission planning through mission execution is for intelligence to be able to locate and to surveil targets either stationary or mobile, either exposed or hidden – to be able to obtain and provide to the commander a continuing picture of his entire field of operations in all its dimensions.
		This extraordinary challenge requires intelligence to move fluidly to and from the national level, the theater commander in chiefs and the tactical commanders land, sea, and air.
	www.dia.mil /publicaffairs/Testimonies/statement06.html (2743 words)

	Press Briefing by Attorney General Alberto Gonzales and General Michael Hayden, Principal Deputy Director for National ...
		And even though signals intelligence is not mentioned in the authorization to use force, we believe that the Court would apply the same reasoning to recognize the authorization by Congress to engage in this kind of electronic surveillance.
		Signals intelligence has been a fundamental aspect of waging war since the Civil War, where we intercepted telegraphs, obviously, during the world wars, as we intercepted telegrams in and out of the United States.
		Signals intelligence is very important for the United States government to know what the enemy is doing, to know what the enemy is about to do.
	www.whitehouse.gov /news/releases/2005/12/20051219-1.html (4633 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Signals intelligence
		SIGINT stands for Signals Intelligence, and refers to intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether by radio interception or other means.
		As sensitive information is often encrypted, SIGINT often involves the use of cryptanalysis.
		It refers to the signal sent to a UNIX process by the kernel when the user on the process's terminal presses Control-C (On some systems, this is the "delete" character).
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/si/Signals_intelligence (136 words)

	The Raw Story \| US supplying Israel with NSA signals intelligence
		Blumenthal claims to be in touch with "a national security official with direct knowledge of the operation" to supply Israel with signals intelligence from American assets to help it monitor armament transfers from Syria and Iran to Hezbollah.
		The National Security Agency is providing signal intelligence to Israel to monitor whether Syria and Iran are supplying new armaments to Hezbollah as it fires hundreds of missiles into northern Israel, according to a national security official with direct knowledge of the operation.
		(Intelligence, including that gathered by the NSA, has been provided to Israel in the past for various purposes.) The neoconservatives are described as enthusiastic about the possibility of using NSA intelligence as a lever to widen the conflict between Israel and Hezbollah and Israel and Hamas into a four-front war.
	www.rawstory.com /news/2006/US_supplying_Israel_with_NSA_signals_0803.html (309 words)

	Swedish signals intelligence and intelligence service before and during the Second World War #tex2html_wrap_inline764#
		The resolution included provision for the establishment of an intelligence department, a signals intelligence department and a cryptology department.
		Swedish intelligence services in the modern sense of the word had indeed been already established in the beginning of this century.
		The knowledge acquired in signals intelligence and cryptanalysis was lost.
	frode.home.cern.ch /frode/ulfving/node3.html (894 words)

	POLISH CODEBREAKING DURING THE RUSSO-POLISH WAR OF 1919-1920 Cryptologia - Find Articles
		It emphasizes the factors that favorably influenced the Polish signals intelligence success and its role in victory during the battle at the gates of Warsaw in August 1920.
		This article discusses the early Polish signals intelligence and codebreaking efforts of the 1919-1920 war and emphasizes their role in Poland's victory during the crucial battle of Warsaw in August 1920.
		During the war, signals intelligence was incorporated into the Signals Corps (Sluzba Lacznosci) because shortages of radio receivers and other communications equipment required their playing a dual role.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3926/is_200407/ai_n9458625 (817 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Government: Intelligence (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Intelligence Online - The electronic edition of Intelligence Newsletter on the Internet designed to "appeal to diplomats, military and political officials, the heads of company security services or academics interested in intelligence matters, business intelligence and international political issues." Must subscribe to publication before gaining full access to site.
		Intelligence Resource Program - The American intelligence community was shaped by nearly half a century of Cold War with the Soviet Union.
		The Literature of Intelligence - A searchable archive of materials covering such aspects of intelligence such as histories, collection and analysis, covert action, US and foreign agencies, signals intelligence, counterintelligence, terrorism, oversight and links to related web sites.
	dmoz.org /Society/Government/Intelligence (634 words)

	John St. Clair Akwei vs.NSA, Ft. Meade, MD, USA
		The Signals Intelligence mission of the NSA has evolved into a program of decoding EMF waves in the environment for wirelessly tapping into computers and tracking persons with the electrical currents in their bodies.
		Signals Intelligence is based on the fact that everything in the environment with an electric current in it has a magnetic flux around it which gives off EMF waves.
		The NSA's Signals Intelligence has the proprietary ability to remotely and non-invasively monitor information in the human brain by digitally decoding the evoked potentials in the 30-50 hz,.5 milliwatt electro-magnetic emissions from the brain.
	www.angelfire.com /or/mctrl/akwei.html (2609 words)

	An Overview of the Intelligence Community
		The collected intelligence information is processed, analyzed, and reported simultaneously to the customer and to the Community's all-source analyst who combine it with other intelligence and open-source information to produce a finished intelligence report or assessment of the data.
		The consumer requests information from intelligence agencies that is not otherwise available and that bears on decisions that he or she expects to confront in the course of their duties.
		The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA): Intelligence analysis is the principal responsibility of the DIA which is charged with providing intelligence support to the Secretary of Defense and his staff, the Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the unified commands, and the military departments on general military topics.
	www.gpoaccess.gov /int/int023.html (4674 words)

	Definition: foreign instrumentation signals intelligence (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Intelligence information derived from electromagnetic emissions associated with the testing and operational deployment of foreign aerospace, surface, and subsurface systems.
		Technical information and intelligence information derived from the intercept of foreign instrumentation signals by other than the intended recipients.
		Foreign instrumentation signals intelligence is a category of signals intelligence.
	glossary.its.bldrdoc.gov /fs-1037/dir-016/_2290.htm (87 words)

	The U.S. Intelligence Community 8: Signals Intelligence
		Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is traditionally considered to be one of the most important and sensitive forms of intelligence.
		The ease with which signals (whether communications or electronic signals) can be intercepted and understood depends on three factors: the method of transmission, the frequencies employed, and the encipherment system (or lack of) used to conceal the signals meaning form unauthorized personnel.
		Microwave signals can be intercepted by two means--(1) ground stations near the invisible line connecting the two microwave towers, or (2) by space collection systems, if the area of transmission is within the footprint of the system.
	www.elastic.org /~fche/mirrors/www.jya.com/usic08.htm (12982 words)

	Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) and Electronic Warfare (EW): Software Defined Radio (SDR) Solutions from Spectrum Signal ...
		Your signals intelligence (SIGINT)/electronic warfare (EW) systems require reliable, accurate, and high performance systems to detect, locate and counter hostile signals in the field.
		Our processing systems provide you with the ability to detect and track frequency agile signals using a fast follower approach.
		Process large volumes of data at high data rates, perform dynamic reconfiguration or scale your signal intelligence system to support multiple channels with Spectrum's reconfigurable systems.
	www.spectrumsignal.com /applications/sigint.asp (712 words)

	Argon ST - Sensor Capabilities
		Argon ST designs, develops, and produces state-of-the-art signals intelligence (SIGINT) sensors that seek, exploit, identify, and locate sources of RF energy, underwater sound, light, heat, and other complex phenomena.
		Our ELINT capabilities detect, identify, geo-locate, and exploit enemies’ electronic (non-communications) signals, such as transmissions from radar, missiles, and threat platforms.
		No one knows how to exploit signals at sea better than Argon ST. In fact, we are the nation’s chief provider of C4ISR sensors for the U.S. Navy.
	www.argonst.com /capabilities/capabilities_sensors.htm (559 words)

	Delusions of Intelligence - Cambridge University Press
		This secret intelligence at times allowed the Allies to avoid waiting U-boats, anticipate surprise attacks, and send their own troops to the Germans’ most vulnerable points.
		The men and women in intelligence entered the war, began their attacks on enemy ciphers, and considered their own ciphers’ compromise, all within the confines of their organization’s assumptions about cryptology.
		Rather the strengths of the Enigma cipher machine and the flaws of the German signals intelligence organizations combined to create a blind spot that the well-coordinated Allied agencies eagerly exploited.
	www.cambridge.org /us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521855225&ss=exc (2957 words)

	UNITED STATES INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY - WHO WE ARE
		To exploit foreign signals for national foreign intelligence and counterintelligence purposes—a capability called signals intelligence or SIGINT.
		Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) is a unique discipline with a long and storied past.
		NSA was established by Presidential directive in 1952 to provide signals intelligence and communications security activities of the Government.
	www.intelligence.gov /1-members_nsa.shtml (930 words)

	POLISH CODEBREAKING DURING THE RUSSO-POLISH WAR OF 1919-1920 Cryptologia - Find Articles
		It emphasizes the factors that favorably influenced the Polish signals intelligence success and its role in victory during the battle at the gates of Warsaw in August 1920.
		This article discusses the early Polish signals intelligence and codebreaking efforts of the 1919-1920 war and emphasizes their role in Poland's victory during the crucial battle of Warsaw in August 1920.
		During the war, signals intelligence was incorporated into the Signals Corps (Sluzba Lacznosci) because shortages of radio receivers and other communications equipment required their playing a dual role.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3926/is_200407/ai_n9458625 (817 words)

	SIGINT Systems
		To aid signal identification, a full list of frequency parameters, as well as a list of previous intercept dates and a 7-day calendar displaying logged operating days and times of the broadcasts and interceptions are also shown.
		Intelligence information derived from electromagnetic emissions associated with the testing and operational deployment of foreign aerospace, surface, and subsurface systems.
		Note: Foreign instrumentation signals include but are not limited to signals from telemetry, beaconry, electronic interrogators, tracking/fusing/arming/firing command systems, and video data links.
	www.sigint.co.uk /learnmore.html (748 words)

	A New Solution For Signals Intelligence
		Spectrum monitoring and signals intelligence (SIGINT) have been critical components of security and intelligence operations.
		The demodulation of these signals plays a vital role in SIGINT operations as information can be extracted through a number of different techniques, thus allowing personnel access to sensitive information and helping them to be more efficient in their mission.
		From the collection and analysis of data from communications and other electronic sources (such as radars, aircraft transponders, etc.), vital information pertaining to diplomatic or military operations is gained and available for use in the event of a conflict.
	www.wirelessdesignonline.com /content/news/article.asp?docid=1e336637-ea86-4126-b19d-87eb63b104a9&VNETCOOKIE=NO (448 words)

	Signals Intelligence (SIGINT): Definition
		Signals Intelligence is the interception of electronic emissions of all types to gather information on a target.
		Although most people think of codebreaking when it comes to Signals Intelligence, even radio signals that do not carry human messages, such as a radar signal, can reveal a great deal about an enemy.
		SIGINT has recently taken to outer space, as the U.S. has utilized geosynchronous satellites for signal intelligence work since the 1960s.
	www.military.com /Resources/ResourceFileView/SIGINT.htm (108 words)

	UNITED STATES INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY - WHAT WE DO
		Signals intelligence is derived from signal intercepts comprising -- however transmitted -- either individually or in combination:
		NGA is the manager for all imagery intelligence activities, both classified and unclassified, within the government, including requirements, collection, processing, exploitation, dissemination, archiving, and retrieval.
		Open-Source Intelligence is publicly available information appearing in print or electronic form including radio, television, newspapers, journals, the Internet, commercial databases, and videos, graphics, and drawings.
	www.intelligence.gov /2-business_cycle2.shtml (749 words)

	The National Security Agency Declassified
		In contrast, the request for the Signals Intelligence Directorate organization chart was made on April 21, 2001, and NSA did not provide its substantive response until April 21, 2004 - three years instead of three weeks.
		In theory, the AFSA was to direct the communications intelligence and electronic intelligence activities of the military service signals intelligence units (at the time consisting of the Army Security Agency, Naval Security Group, and Air Force Security Service).
		In contrast, the request for the Signals Intelligence Directorate organization chart was made on April 21, 2001 and NSA provided its substantive response on April 21, 2004.
	www.gwu.edu /~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB24/index.htm (6020 words)

	Amazon.com: Signals Intelligence in World War II: A Research Guide (Bibliographies of Battles and Leaders): Books: ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		“...This unique work will have a wider audience than the title would suggest because signals intelligence, especially as manifested in ULTRA and MAGIC decryptions of intercepts of the German ENIGMA and Japanese Purple codes, was involved in many important battles and controversial issues of WWII.
		“Signals Intelligence In World War II: A Research Guide is a welcome addition to this ever growing and important subject.
		The book examines and annotates primary and secondary sources on the role of ULTRA and MAGIC in the Pearl Harbor attack, the battles of the Atlantic, Coral Sea, and Midway, and the campaigns in the Mediterranean, Northwest Europe, the Middle East, and the Pacific, as well as in the realm of espionage and special operations.
	www.amazon.com /Signals-Intelligence-World-War-Bibliographies/dp/0313283044 (854 words)

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