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Topic: Signing Exact English

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	Matt's World - Reports
		Sign languages that follow the syntax of the English language, like Signing Exact English (SEE II), are considered to be the best languages to teach Deaf students by several educators.
		In order to follow the syntax of the English language, SEE I and SEE II include signs to indicate the tense of a word, suffixes, prefixes, and small words that would not be signed in American Sign Language (278).
		Instead of signing one sign, SEE II uses the sign for "cow" and the sign for "boy" together (Stedt and Moores 16).
	lightning.prohosting.com /stooge/matt/reports.htm (2694 words)

	Help Kids Hear - English-Based Sign Systems
		Sign language as used by deaf adults may resemble English, or it may be American Sign Language (ASL), which has a grammar, syntax, and idioms distinct from English.
		In SEE 2 one would use the same signs for "is running" whether the subject is a man, the water, one's nose, or a car.
		She is fluent in oral English, SEE 2, and ASL.
	www.helpkidshear.org /resources/education/englishsign.htm (1145 words)

	Signing Exact English - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		SEE can be thought of as a code for visually representing spoken English, developed primarily for use in deaf education.
		Many deaf people complain that it is awkward and difficult to sign, and that it is an attempt to replace their own native sign languages and that it works to separate deaf children from deaf culture, exposure to which is imperative in order to complete healthy development.
		Supporters of SEE claim that it helps children to integrate into the wider culture and is an important part of becoming competent with English which is the key to success in the professional world as well as being integral in a person's ability to function in other aspects of the dominant culture which surrounds them.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Signing_Exact_English (1071 words)

	Learning in Motion, Resources
		Signing Avatar may be adapted to sign in an ASL mode.
		The term PSE is used to refer to signing that is in the middle of the continuum of signing.
		SEE, like ASL, is probably not the ideal choice to include in a program unless all other forms of signing are also included as options.
	www.learn.motion.com /deaf/perspective.html (1125 words)

	ASL, SEE Sign, & Signed English
		SEE is based upon signs drawn from ASL and expanded with words, prefixes, tenses, and endings to give a clear and complete visual presentation of English.
		The ASL sign for the concept of "pretty, lovely, beauty, beautiful" and other such synonyms is retained for beauty, initialized with P for pretty, L for lovely, and the suffix -ful is added for beautiful.
		SEE does require more signing time that PSE, because of the word endings and prefixes, etc. Overconcentration on signing every word may lead to "colorless" signing.
	www.listen-up.org /sign2.htm (607 words)

	Manual Codes for English
		“Sign codes have been designed to convey, insofar as possible, the detailed structure and grammar of the spoken language.”87 The end goal of using these systems is English literacy.
		This argues that the designed signing systems, then, may not be successful ‘when success is defined as empowering deaf students leaving school with literacy and general knowledge at or near the level attained by their hearing peers.’”93
		Bornstein’s basic rules are: “sign either a word alone or a sign word and one sign marker; fingerspell words not provided in the dictionary; and create plurals by repeating the signs for nouns.”97 Signed English has fourteen affix markers (e.g.
	www.deaflinx.com /DeafEd/mode_mce.html (1070 words)

	Spring 2004 Conference Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		With five studies not reporting the source of their signs, not giving response definitions for the signs taught, and not specifying the use of a sign system or ASL, the difficulty of the task could not be ascertained.
		First, Signing Exact English and Signed English use initialized signs, where the sign is produced while the handshape is the initial letter of the word, thus making sign production more complex and difficult motorically.
		In Arizona, "Sunday" is signed by holding the "five" handshape vertically in front of the body with the palm facing outward and moving each hand in opposite directions in circular movements.
	www.uky.edu /Education/Conference/Spring2004mtw.html (1624 words)

	Modern Signs Press, Inc. - Frequently Asked Questions
		Children who are exposed at an early age to SEE are able to learn idiomatic standard English and thus have learning opportunities similar to those of hearing children.
		SEE includes many signs that are taken from ASL; however, the sentence structure, the idioms, the verb endings, etc. are taken from English.
		SEE has never been intended to take the place of ASL, which is an important part of the Deaf Community.
	www.modsigns.com /faq.htm (535 words)

	About Sign Language~ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Total communication, spoken words and signs are used simultatneously so the child "sees" the word (not finger spelling) and sees the way the mouth moves and if they have any hearing, the sounds can be heard.
		Once she was about 5 years old, she started Signing Exact English and what is interesting, this has helped her learn basic language much quicker than other children; but she doesn't necessarily understand what is means.
		So at school she used her LANGUAGE (sign language) and at home her SPEECH (speaking aloud her words.) It was funny as she got a little older even with the ability to speak; she would SIGN in church or when I was on the telephone.
	members.aol.com /DEMP12/aboutsign.html (546 words)

	Student Corner : Sign Language Continuum
		Signs were invented which were needed to express components of English grammar not found in ASL.
		Signs are used with an attempt to retain the conceptual meaning of ASL rather than English, so that "right" would be signed different ways depending on its conceptually accurate meaning.
		Signs are placed in English order with signs representing English grammatical forms, such as suffixes and prefixes.
	www.ltcconline.net /ASLLT/scmodes.htm (446 words)

	Augmentative Communication Select Sets
		Manual sign systems were originally developed for use by the deaf population, however, signing has also been used by individuals with severe communication disorders who are able to hear.
		Sign language is not universal, different sign languages are used in different countries.
		Therefore, Pidgin Signed English became a mixture of ASL and English Sign.
	rehabengineer.homestead.com /selectionset.html (1768 words)

	Sign Language - Dictionaries - Signed English
		This fundamental course in Signed English includes approximately 940 vocabulary signs, information on sign systems and markers, a glossary, and comprehensive set of exercises.
		Words are signed slowly, twice for total comprehension and each word is displayed on the screen while it is being spoken and signed.
		Signing "exact" English implies that English can be presented in a signed form with vocabulary altered using affixes.
	www.adcohearing.com /sl_dictionary_signed.html (871 words)

	ASL/SEE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		American Sign Language or ASL "is a visual/gestural language with vocabulary, grammar, idioms, and syntax different from English.
		Signing Exact English or SEE "is a sign language system that represents literal English, to make visible everything that is not heard, SEE supplements what a child can get from hearing and speechreading.
		Since American Sign Language or ASL has different vocabulary, idioms, and syntax from English, SEE modified and supplemented the vocabulary of ASL so children can clearly understand what is said in English.
	www.bethelks.edu /personalweb/nursingstudentresearch/ASL_SEE.html (121 words)

	American Sign Language or Exact Signed English
		If deaf children, many of whom are primarily visual learners (Reeves, Wallenhaupt, Caccamise, 1995) are expected to achieve English literacy, they must use (signed) English, interact with mature users of that language, and eventually develop literacy skills in the same manner as their hearing peers.
		This argues that the designed signing systems, then, may not be successful "when success is defined as empowering deaf students leaving school with literacy and general knowledge at or near the level attained by their hearing peers" (Stokoe, 1992).
		Because literacy in the U.S. means the ability to fluently read and write English and because the data suggest that designed sign systems in educational settings have not provided deaf students with that level of literacy, the purpose of this study is to compare ASL to one of the designed systems (Exact Signed English).
	www.deafed.net /PublishedDocs/sub/970723e.htm (2631 words)

	Signing Time! - ASL, SEE, etc...
		I have been reading books (and of course watching ST!) about sign language and some say it is better to use ASL exclusively, some say SEE, some say "Pidgen" (is that right?), etc. I read one book that was supposed to teach ASL in 24 hours (impossible, at least for me!).
		My daughters currently attend a school which uses SEE sign, and that is the only complaint I have about the school.
		At school they will probably have her stick in the sign that the people who created SEE came up with for the word "is," but other than this sentence I doubt this will be an issue.
	www.signingtime.com /forums/showthread.php?t=996 (1079 words)

	FSSA
		(x) "Signed English" means a system devised as a semantic representation of English where ASL signs are used in English word order with fourteen sign makers being added to represent a portion of the inflectional system of English.
		DHHS is the agency responsible for standards related to sign language interpreters in Indiana and has been designated as the agency to make the determination that an interpreter can be certified to interpret in an educational setting.
		Signing Exact English (SEE-II): Pass the Educational Interpreter Performance Assessment (EIPA) instrument specific to SEE-II at level 3.5 and pass the RID written generalist test.
	www.in.gov /fssa/disability/dhhs/standards.html (1684 words)

	The Storybook Center - For Parents: Questions
		For example, 'butterfly' is signed as "butter + fly." Whereas in SEE II the word is seen by its' meaning and as its own word so that the sign for "butterfly" is unique just as the signs for "butter" and "fly" are their own signs.
		S.E.E. was developed by utilizing the signs that already existed in ASL and many of the signs are the same.
		Families joining a baby or toddler sign group often find home visits to be a great way to have expand opportunities for language building modeled in their own home and with their own objects and obstacles.
	www.thestorybookcenter.com /par-questions.html (6199 words)

	BSD Programs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		All activities are presented in speech and sign language to promote language development and early social and play skills.
		During the elementary years, SEE II (Signing Exact English, a manually coded system for English, incorporating simultaneous speaking and signing) is the primary mode used for instructional purposes.
		Signing Exact English is based upon signs drawn from American Sign Language and expanded with words, prefixes, tenses, and ending to give a clear and complete visual presentation of spoken and written English.
	www.beverlyschoolforthedeaf.org /programs.html (2086 words)

	ASLinfo.com » Resources - Information and resources related to American Sign Language (ASL), Interpreting and Deaf ...
		Rochester method: each letter of the English alphabet is assigned a handshape and all words communicated with the exception of "and" are fingerspelled.
		Seeing Essential English (SEE1): is a code for English words where each syllable is given a separate manual movement.
		Signing Exact English (SEE2): is a combination of SEE1, invented initialized signs, and some ASL signs.
	www.aslinfo.com /styles.cfm (431 words)

	Child Signing - Signing Time, SignALot, Baby Sign Language
		From Signing Time dvds and Sign-A-Lot videos to Signing Time board books and Learning Hands flash cards, our goal is to provide the lowest price anywhere, free shipping always and quality service to everyone.
		The first is First Signs and teaches many of the most fundamental baby signs including eat, drink, milk and more.
		The second in the series is Sharing Signs which gets in to please, share, sleep, thank you and nearly 25 other signs.
	www.childsigning.com (467 words)

	Amazon.com: Signing Exact English: Pocket Edition: Books: Ester Zawolkow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A word of caution: Learning sign language through the written word and 2-dimensional illustrations can be difficult, especially for those not well-experienced with sign language.
		This dictionary (as with any sign language dictionary) is best used in conjunction with a class or instructional/demonstrational videos which are available.
		I chose a "real" sign language instead of creating signs, as some parents choose to do, because I wanted consistancy, uniformity and the chance that their signing might come in handy with a signing person.
	www.amazon.com /Signing-Exact-English-Ester-Zawolkow/dp/0916708268 (1356 words)

	REALITY: Cued English is a Language.
		American Sign Language and cued English are valid languages for use with deaf children.
		Spoken English and spoken French are valid languages for hearing children.
		Cued English is a language – one which is complete, natural, and delivered in a wholly visual medium.
	www.cuedspeech.info /language.html (329 words)

	Sign Language Books, Videos and Games
		The most widely used manual of signed English text -- this book is a must for all students, teachers and parents interested in learning Signing Exact English (SEE).
		Signs for nearly 4, 000 words are presented with written descriptions and line drawings, plus signs for letters, numbers, prefixes and suffixes.
		Mickey Flodin is the co-author of many widely used signing books, including Signing Made Easy, The Perigee Visual Dictionary of Signing, and The Pocket Dictionary of Signing, and is the author of Signing for Kids.
	www.justbekuz.com /books_games.htm (676 words)

	Matt's World - ASL Page
		Sometimes a sign may be altered to represent another English word similar to the original sign.
		Some signs in ASL are also presented by initializing a 'root' sign with a letter from the manual alphabet.
		For instance, some signs can communcate who something is being given to just by forcing the sign in the direction of the person.
	lightning.prohosting.com /~stooge/matt/sign.htm (430 words)

	Hearing Loss Resource Center
		American Sign Language (ASL) is the visual/gestural language used by many people in the Deaf community in the United States and Canada.
		It is a language itself and not a visual representation of English.
		Signed English, Seeing Essential English (SEE I), and Signing Exact English (SEE II) are all systems referred to as Manually Coded English.
	www.familysupportconnection.org /html/manual.htm (279 words)

	Manually Coded English - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The use of MCE in deaf education is controversial.
		are signed in the same way, again using initialization.
		It was originated by Zenas Westervelt in 1878, shortly after he opened the Western New York Institute for Deaf-Mutes (presently known as the Rochester School for the Deaf).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Manually_Coded_English (2307 words)

	Sign Language - Dictionaries - Signed English
		An Introduction to Sign Language J. Kitterman & H. Collins - A Word In The Hand is a simple, basic primer to Signed English.
		An Introduction to Sign Language J. Kitterman & H. Collins - Contains 10 lessons with over 300 illustrations expanding on the vocabulary from Book One.
		Signing Exact English G. Gustason & E. Zawolkow - This book is for Spanish-speaking families and educators of deaf and hard of hearing children.
	www.adcohearing.com /page57.html (842 words)

	The Signing Family
		Asserting that the choice of sign communication depends upon the specific needs of each family, The Signing Family shows parents how to create a set of goals for signing centered around the needs of their deaf child.
		Readers will learn how each of these signing methods originated and, in the case of English signing systems, why they were created and what they are meant to impart to deaf children.
		Armed with the thorough information supplied by The Signing Family, parents can determine how each type of signing maps onto their goals for themselves and their child, both within the family and in the educational system.
	gupress.gallaudet.edu /0696.html (289 words)

	Educating Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing: English-Based Sign Systems. ERIC Digest
		Educating Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing: English-Based Sign Systems.
		Specific questions about Signing Exact English may be referred to the SEE Center for the Advancement of Deaf Children (10443 Los Alamitos Blvd., Los Alamitos, CA SEE 2 materials are published by Modern Sign Press, Inc., PO Box 1181, Los Alamitos, CA 90720.
		Please note that this site is privately owned and is in no way related to any Federal agency or ERIC unit.
	www.ericdigests.org /1998-2/sign.htm (1152 words)

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