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Topic: Silent letters

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	Silent letter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In an alphabetic writing system, a silent letter is a letter that, in a particular word, does not correspond to any sound in the word's pronunciation.
		Silent letters create problems for both native and non-native speakers of a language, as they make it more difficult to guess the spellings of spoken words or the pronunciations of written words.
		One of the noted deficiencies of English spelling is a high number of silent letters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Silent_letter (769 words)

	Silent letter - Art History Online Reference and Guide
		In English, examples of silent letters include the "p" in "psychology," the "e" in "hope," and the "n" in "damn." The "t"s in "often" and "tsunami" are silent in some speakers' pronunciation of the words but spoken in others'.
		Letters that are part of clusters that represent a single phoneme, such as the "s" and "h" in "shop," are usually not considered to be silent.
		Silent letters are often relics of archaic or foreign pronunciations.
	www.arthistoryclub.com /art_history/Silent_letter (220 words)

	Absurdities 1: silent letters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Many people are perhaps not aware of the astonishing fact that nearly every letter of the English alphabet is silent in some word.
		b is silent in debt, lamb, bomb, tomb
		p is silent in psalm, pneumatic, cupboard, receipt
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Forum/5037/srabs1.html (134 words)

	Kriol Spelling Guide
		Long vowel sounds are always spelled with two letters (with the exception of the letter ‘y’ for the long ‘i’ sound at the end of some words).
		The ‘silent e’ rule uses a letter ‘e’ at the end of the word to tell you that the previous vowel is a long vowel, not a short vowel.
		The letter ‘i’ in win’ is a short vowel, but we know that the ‘i’ in ‘wine’ is a long vowel because of the ‘silent e’ on the end.
	www.kriol.org.bz /LanguagePages/Language_Spelling.htm (997 words)

	TIBET, or THIBET - Online Information article about TIBET, or THIBET
		The question has turned mainly upon the elucidation of the phenomenon of the silent letters, gene-rally prefixed, which differentiate the spelling of many words from their pronunciation, in the central dialect or current speech of Lhasa.
		Remusat rather dubiously suggested, while Schmidt and Schiefner maintained, that the silent letters were a device of grammarians to distinguish in writing words which were not distinguished in speech.
		History is silent as to the fate of the eastern king, the other son of Lang-dharma, and his successors, but the geographical names of the chieftainships enumerated above make it clear that the western kingdom had extended its power to the east.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /THE_TOO/TIBET_or_THIBET.html (17671 words)

	Spelling is a social invention
		Two vowel letters are often written when the pronunciation only needs one; thus in measure, in hearth, in friend, in people, in build are all redundant.
		Similar is the cut of vowel letters in some major suffixes: the plural of ax(e) is cut to CS axs, distinguishing it from the uncut plural of axis ( axes); the verb form learned is cut to CS lernd, but the adjective is distinguished as lerned.
		These are letters which mislead because they are not needed to represent the sound of a word.
	victorian.fortunecity.com /vangogh/555/Spell/spel-inv.htm (4016 words)

	Silent Auction Forms - Looking for forms? We have forms galore! Check here first! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Silent auction bids will be accepted only on the official bid forms available from...
		The Silent Auction is the annual fundraising event for the...
		The silent auction forms are in pdf format, and they have been put online so you can fill...
	forms.1stwebdir.com /index.php?k=silent-auction-forms (827 words)

	Henry James and the Spaces of ‘Silent-Speaking Words’
		All letters have something of this tortured vitality about them, arrive out of breath from journeys across physical and imaginative voids, bring with them the silent reverberations of their words, the presence and absence of their writers and the darkness in which, out of which they are written.
		When Kate throws Milly’s sealed letter into the fire, she might be said to display a certain delicacy, a wish not to transgress a Browning-like “self-imposed circle,” but her action also involves a fearful premonition of its force.
		Densher’s agony suggests that a letter derives its authority from its power to blur the boundaries between actual and imagined experience, material and immaterial possession, and that this wondrous characteristic has much to do with understanding letters as voices.
	mockingbird.creighton.edu /english/ALA2003/Follini.htm (2410 words)

	The Volokh Conspiracy, Extra
		The dark blue is the 9th Circuit; the orange is the 5th and the 10th; the lighter blue is the 6th, 7th, and 8th; the red is the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd; and the green is the D.C., 4th, and 11th.
		"Silent" is, I realize, not a fully well-defined term, but I mean a letter that is not pronounced (rather than just pronounced in a distorted way, as the first "l" in "colonel").
		I exclude situations where two letters in a row have the same sound, for instance the last two letters in "bass" or "clock"; I do not treat either as silent.
	volokhextra.blogspot.com /2004_01_01_volokhextra_archive.html (434 words)

	Simpler Spelling Word of the Day ARCHIVE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		It has two silent letters, G and H, and a misleading vowel combination, EI, that is usually pronounced as in ei ther of the pronunciations of that letter combination in the werd "either": EE as in "tee" or IE as in "tie".
		The G is silent, in English; in French, from which this spelling derives, the G combines with the N to form an Ñ / -NY- sound as in "canyon".
		The D is silent, or should be a G, and the familiar word "chief" at the end isn't pronounced "cheef".
	www.geocities.com /sswordday/arc6-82004 (9585 words)

	Curriculum Guide - Language Skills VII
		The sounds that some letters usually stand for are not heard when some words are said as in knees and climb.
		A long vowel sound in a one-syllable word or in a final syllable is often spelled with one vowel letter followed by a consonant and silent 'e' as in cake and decide.
		Vowel sounds with /r/ may be spelled with one or more vowel letters followed by 'r' and with one vowel letter followed by 'r' and silent 'e' as in car, four, and core.
	www.tarmaced.com /cg_language_skills_7.htm (2530 words)

	The Silent Westerns
		Though motion pictures are a distinctly twentieth century phenomenon, the silent westerns represent "old myths in new packages"; one critic in 1919 even called them the "modern dime novels." Silent film perpetuates old myths of the West, but it is in many ways a unique medium.
		Historically, it overlaps with the decline of the "Old West," so that it is at once an instrument for mythologizing and recording a dying frontier; indeed it often blurs the distinctions between history and myth in the personages of cowboys-turned-actors, outlaws-turned-directors, and western landscapes-turned-movie sets.
		Also, the silent film was a vehicle well suited for the transmission of myths to American audiences, many of whom in the earliest days of silent film were recent immigrants.
	xroads.virginia.edu /~HYPER/HNS/Westfilm/west.html (329 words)

	LETTERS AND CORRESPONDENCE
		I am writing this letter in response to the request that I document in writing my experience in the Prayer Room as an employee of Silent Unity as previously related verbally.
		After approximately two years of employment (1994), I was selected to join a group of Silent Unity Prayer Associates for the purpose of re-writing the prayer book.
		The former Senior Directors of Silent Unity are no longer with unity® and the standards then in place do not necessarily reflect the position of subsequent prayer ministry management.
	www.unityheritage.org /Letters-General.htm (653 words)

	things you've never known: June 2004
		Silent P - psychology, psychiatrist, psychoanalysis, pneumatic, pneumonia.
		This is a nice, neat little rule concerning words that have the letters i and e together, usually to form the Long E sound in English: i before e, as in piece or relief.
		When a syllable ends in a silent "e", the silent "e" is a signal that the vowel in front of it is long.
	strong1203.blogspot.com /2004_06_01_strong1203_archive.html (5436 words)

	Irish language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Many words had silent letters removed and vowel combination brought closer to the spoken language.
		Lenition of c, p, and t was indicated by placing the letter h after the affected consonant; lenition of other sounds was left unmarked.
		Today Gaelic letters and the buailte are rarely used except where a 'traditional' style is required, e.g.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Irish_language (5120 words)

	Silent letters. \| Antimoon Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Yeah, ''th'' is pronounced [th] but it's not pronounced [th] in those words so the ''h'' is silent.
		Worrying about silent letters is useful for ESL students who need an excuse for not learning English.
		Silent redundant letters are the reason the English is not yet an accepted World Language.
	www.antimoon.com /forum/posts/5752.htm (980 words)

	Ranier Maria Rilke: Letters To A Young Poet
		Things aren't all so tangible and sayable as people would usually have us believe; most experiences are unsayable, they happen in a space that no word has ever entered, and more unsayable than all other things are works of art, those mysterious existences, whose life endures beside our own small, transitory life.
		Your kind letter, which accompanied them, managed to make clear to me various faults that I felt in reading your verses, though I am not able to name them specifically.
		It was a pleasure for me to find in your letter the name of Professor Horacek; I have great reverence for that kind, learned man, and a gratitude that has lasted through the years.
	www.sfgoth.com /~immanis/rilke/letter1.html (1178 words)

	Letters to the Editor: ‘Silent Sunday’ is a hit with SoccerTimes readers.
		Letters to the Editor: ‘Silent Sunday’ is a hit with SoccerTimes readers.
		I try to bring to their attention the importance of sportsmanship, friendship, respect for the referee and the opposite team as these are what soccer is all about.
		However I would like to point out that this is not the first time that youth leagues have recognized the importance of silence as Colorado State Youth Soccer Association has many clubs who have enforced at least 10 minutes of silence after the start of the second half for at least three years.
	www.soccertimes.com /letters/1999/sep22.htm (570 words)

	Thai Language - Special rules for silent letters
		Sometimes the last two letters are silent even though only one has the cancellation symbol:
		If the cancellation symbol is placed over a consonant with a superscript or subscript vowel, then both are silent.
		However, there are some words where a letter in the middle is silent and it isn't marked.
	www.learningthai.com /rules_silent.htm (154 words)

	why things are the way they are
		I am certain this was done centuries ago, probably during the same timeframe when the silent "k" was put with "knew" and "know".
		Maybe it was to compete with the silent "k".
		I am certain > this was done centuries ago, probably during > the same timeframe when the silent > "k" was put with "knew" > and "know".
	www.rxlist.com /rxboard/zoloft.pl?read=2346 (511 words)

	The Kathleen Parker Flap: Silenced, But Never Silent (Report and Forum)
		Having personally posted those letters, I will assure you that the ratio of those who are deathly afraid of George W. Bush to those who respect him is an accurate reflection of what we received.
		And to be fair, one of the two letters we received praising President Bush came from a Christian, and the other did not really praise him but simply called upon atheists to unite behind him.
		I believe we all, as a nation were less than silent in our distress, even in private moments as we wept out loud for the victims of this terrible thing that had befallen us.
	www.positiveatheism.org /mail/eml8755.htm (16223 words)

	PARANOIA - The VanDyke Letters
		In the spring of 2003 (issue 33), Paranoia excerpted a pamphlet entitled Silent Weapons for Quiet Wars, asking readers for any information they might have on the author of the work, which claimed to have been originally found in a surplus copy machine purchased in 1986 at McChord Air Force Base by a Boeing employee.
		Being confident that he is the true author of Silent Weapons ( SWFQW), we wish to share letters from Hartford Van Dyke wherein he exposes the circumstances surrounding his authorship of this infamous pamphlet.
		Silent Weapons for Quiet Wars with original diagrams may be read online at http://land.netonecom.net/tlp/ref/sw4qw/index.shtml.
	www.paranoiamagazine.com /vandykeletters.html (3286 words)

	Learn Hebrew Prayers: Tutorial- The Letters - Naming Consonants
		Silent syllables: The vowel attached is not sounded.
		There are two silent letters in the Hebrew alphabet -
		It is silent at the end or in the middle of a word.
	www.learnhebrewprayers.com /tutorial/namingconsonants.html (136 words)

	Phonic Colour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Very many words are a mixture of regular and irregular letters.
		However, coloured letters are an attractive and easy way of learning the basic phonics.
		Irregular letters are a colour of your choice.
	website.lineone.net /~twdth (187 words)

	color-code for pronunciation spelling
		Red and orange are flag colors: They indicate a letter that is not behaving according to the alphabet.
		This color coding system is a variation on a common teaching approach where the long vowels are marked by a macron, the short vowels with a breve, and the silent letters with a slash.
		The ambiguous letters are the free vowels that are followed by a consonant.
	www.fortunecity.com /victorian/vangogh/555/Spell/color-code.html (2204 words)

	Spelling without surplus letters
		Experimentl reserch (1972, 1980, 1982,1986, 1989, 1991) shows that normal reading is often slowed when letters in text are changed, but omission of surplus letters may be barely noticed or not at all.
		Surplus letters are least missd when cut from towards the end of words and sentences and from less frequent words, so these are the best sites to initiate omissions and to introduce readers to spelling reform.
		This and following sections are written with moderat cutting of surplus letters and F replacing PH, to familiarise readers with an unobtrusiv introduction to this reform by shedding of clutr.
	home.vicnet.net.au /~ozideas/ssurplu.htm (1291 words)

	Curriculum Guide - Word Analysis III
		Use of vowel, consonant, vowel to create long vowel sound; silent letters; students identify long /e/ words.
		Use of vowel, consonant, vowel to create long vowel sound; silent letters; students identify long /i/ words.
		Introduction of words that begin with silent letters ('kn,' 'wr,' and 'gn.') Students complete words with the correct sounds.
	www.tarmaced.com /cg_word_analysis_3.htm (612 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Special reports \| Letters: Why are women silent?
		I suspect that like me many women simply "know" intuitively and in their hearts that war is abhorrent, the cost is too great, and war should only be used as a (very) last resort.
		I stand silent vigil for peace with Women in Black each Saturday in Edinburgh and am inspired by the solidarity I feel with the women I stand with.
		However, driving to an event at the start of International Women's Week on Saturday, I listened to Any Answers on Radio 4, and there was not one response from a woman to a question on war on Iraq.
	www.guardian.co.uk /antiwar/story/0,12809,907112,00.html (587 words)

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