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Topic: Silver Medal of Military Valor

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	Silver Medal of Military Valor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During World War I, the Italian Silver Medal for Military Valor (Medaglia d'Argento al Valore Militare) was awarded to military personnel for exceptional valor in combat.
		For each subsequent act of valor, the recipient was awarded a bar in the corresponding class.
		The medal was established in 1833 by King Carlo Alberto of Sardinia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Silver_Medal_of_Military_Valor (99 words)

	American Valor . History of the Medal . Pyramid \| PBS
		The Pyramid of Honor is a hierarchy of military awards—with the Medal of Honor at the peak—awarded to American veterans of military service.
		Authorized on February 4, 1944 the Bronze Star Medal is awarded to members of all branches of military service and may be awarded either for combat heroism or for meritorious service.
		Established in 1942, the Air Medal is awarded for meritorious achievement in aerial operations, for heroic acts in aerial operations against an armed enemy, or for merit in operational activities.
	www.pbs.org /weta/americanvalor/history/pyramid.html (764 words)

	Air Force Awards and Decorations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The silver star is worn in the same manner as the bronze star, but each silver star is worn in lieu of five bronze service stars.
		The silver oak leaf cluster represents sixth, 11th, etc., entitlements or in lieu of five bronze oak leaf clusters.
		Silver oak leaf clusters are worn to the wearer’s right of the bronze oak leaf clusters on the same ribbon.
	www.af.mil /news/airman/0102/awards2.html (262 words)

	selling Italian militaria, badges, medals and insignia. WW1, WW2. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The medal's obverse bears the helmeted head of King Victor Emanuel III and around the rim is the text "GVERRA PER L'VNITA D'ITALIA 1915- 1918" (War for the Unity of Italy).
		Medal in bronze with blue/white enamelled accents to reverse.
		Silver gilt - this is a rare variation as normally these medals were struck in bronze.
	anm.50megs.com /anm/Italy.html (2875 words)

	Italian WW1, medals and awards
		This medal was instituted in March 1833 by King Albert of Sardinia in three classes : gold, silver and bronze and was meant for award to army and navy personnel.
		This medal was instituted on 29 July 1920 and replaced a ribbon bar, introduced on 21 May 1916, which was awarded after 1 year service in a war zone.
		In 1920 this ribbon was replaced by the medal and a number of bars are attached to the ribbon according to the recipients war service.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-medals/italian1.htm (845 words)

	medal hound (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Ushakov medal is made of silver and is bestowed upon noncommissioned officers of the Russian Navy and naval units of the frontier guards for courage and valor displayed in defense of the Soviet Union, for participation in naval operations involving risk of life and for assistance in the conduct of naval combat operations.
		The silver chain device is intended to recall the chain worn on the Imperial Russian Bicentennial Medal of the Battle of Gangut (1714-1914).
		It was awarded to personnel of all ranks in the military, border troops or Ministry of the Interior forces, for personnel bravery in a theater of operations, defense of the Soviet Union's borders, performance of duty in life-threatening situations, and counter espionage activities.
	www.emering.com /medals/soviet/soviet.html (2030 words)

	Who Really Deserves a Silver Star? - The military's unfair awards system. By Owen West
		It's a problem that has continued to plague the military during the Iraq war, causing frustration in the ranks, and it needs to be fixed.
		While the Silver Star is awarded only for heroic achievement under fire, one category of Bronze Star—known as the BS, given for meritorious service in a combat zone—is technically open to those serving miles from the front lines.
		Giving a medal to an officer could well make the difference between their being able to stay in the military for a career -- or being forced out.
	www.slate.com /id/2107438 (1905 words)

	U.S. Army Individual Decorations
		The Soldier's Medal is awarded to any person of the Armed Forces of the United States or of a friendly foreign nation who, while serving in any capacity with the Army of the United States, distinguished himself or herself by heroism not involving actual conflict with an enemy.
		Awards may be made for acts of heroism in connection with military operations against an armed enemy or while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing armed force in which the United States is not a belligerent party, which are of a lesser degree than required for award of the Distinguished Flying Cross.
		Award of the Air Medal is primarily intended to recognize those personnel who are on current crewmember or noncrewmember flying status which requires them to participate in aerial flight on a regular and frequent basis in the performance of their primary duties.
	www.americal.org /awards/achv-svc.htm (1909 words)

	"Newsletter and Collection information from The Museum of American Jewish Military History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Prior to the Civil War, the military was hesitant to issue medals to be worn on the uniform.
		The Army decided to use the same medal design as the Navy, until the end of the century when the design in the center of the star was changed to picture only the head of Minerva.
		The National Museum of American Jewish Military History is honored to tell the stories of the thirteen men of the Jewish faith who have received the Medal for their bravery and courage.
	www.nmajmh.org /supplies/cat8.html (1037 words)

	Orders, Decorations and Medals - Medals by Country - Medals of United States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The medal is awarded to those who demonstrate outstanding achievement or meritorious service in the performance of their duties on behalf of the Air Force.
		The Airman’s Medal is the ninth highest achievement medal in the Air Force, and is awarded to any member in the U.S. armed forces serving in any capacity with the Air Force who distinguishes themselves by a heroic act at the voluntary risk of their own life.
		Ferguson received the Army Commendation Medal for his performance as a machine gunner while under heavy enemy fire last May. According to the official wording of the award, Ferguson was commended for his courage and initiative under fire and for greatly contributing to the successful removal of enemy forces from the Jisr-Diyala NAC advisory building.
	www.geocities.com /dco700/UnitedStates2.htm (10886 words)

	Awards and Decorations
		The medal of honor was bestowed by the President in the name of Congress on the unknown, unidentified Belgian soldier on November 3, 1922, and on the unknown, unidentified Rumanian soldier on May 15, 1923.
		No awards of that medal were made during the fiscal year for distinguished services rendered prior to the World War, the total number of awards under this head remaining at 7.
		Nine distinguished-service medals were, however, issued during the last fiscal year to holders of the certificate of merit, under the provisions of the act of Congress approved July 9, 1918 (40 Stat.
	www.army.mil /CMH-PG/documents/wwi/23awd.htm (1585 words)

	African American Freedom Fighters: Soldiers for Liberty
		Nationalistic policies, military alliances, and a world view of conquest were some reasons for the outbreak of this national war between multiple countries.
		Despite discriminatory practices and segregated units, Black Americans proved their valor, and 1,300 were eventually commissioned and promoted to the ranks of officers in the United States Military for their duty in World War I. Six major units served in this war: the 92nd, 93rd, 369th, 370th, 371st, 372nd.
		In the military, the African American soldier was able to maximize some degree of service rank and gain a form of respect which comes with loyalty to one's country.
	www.liu.edu /cwis/cwp/library/aaffsfl.htm (10712 words)

	Robert L. Howard Tribute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		He received a direct appointment from Master Sergeant to 1st Lieutenant in 1969, and was awarded the Medal of Honor by President Richard M. Nixon at the White House in 1971.
		It was for his actions while serving on a mission to rescue a fellow soldier in Cambodia, that he was submitted for the Medal of Honor the third time for his extraordinary heroism.
		The men who wear it call themselves "recipients" (not winners), for what they received it for was not a contest...it was a time of terror and death where their valor was tested, then recognized by a grateful Nation.
	members.cox.net /rlhtribute (741 words)

	Public OutReach America's Military and You - Highest Award for Civilian Valor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The first medal was reserved for rescues of extreme and heroic daring, the second for those slightly less outstanding.
		These medals are awarded to people who endanger their own lives while saving or attempting to save another from drowning, a shipwreck or other perils of the water.
		The Gold Lifesaving Medal or the Silver Lifesaving Medal is awarded by the Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, to any person who rescues or endeavors to rescue any other person from drowning, shipwreck, or other perils of the water.
	www.defenselink.mil /specials/outreachpublic/civilianrole.html (515 words)

	Memorializations "EF" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		As a child, he contracted polio and was told he would never walk without braces; however, with the rigorous physiotherapy program developed by his father, Frederick was in excellent physical shape by the age of thirteen when, after lying about his age, he joined the California National Guard.
		Involved in numerous civic and military activities after the war, GEN Frederick died in 1970.
		Two years earlier, however, Funston crossed the Rio Grande de la Pampanga on a raft and by his skill and daring enabled the general commanding to carry the enemy's entrenched position on the north bank of the river and to drive him with great loss from the important strategic position of Calumpit.
	www.soc.mil /swcs/museum/EFmemo.shtml (902 words)

	Orders, Decorations and Medals - Medals by Country - Medals of United States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The three medals he has stopped wearing are a humanitarian service award for operations in Somalia in 1992; the Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry, awarded by the South Vietnamese government; and a Navy unit commendation that was awarded sometime before 1988.
		It was called the “Peace Jubilee Medal” because it was to have been awarded Oct. 25, 1899, at the massive public Peace Jubilee held in Philadelphia to celebrate the end of the war.
		The bronze medal is given to persons who risk their lives to an extraordinary degree while saving or attempting to save the lives of others.
	www.geocities.com /dco700/UnitedStates4.htm (4691 words)

	Military.com Resources
		In the past, Joe and Jill have often gone unrecognized because there was no one left at the end of the battle to bear witness, or the paperwork got lost or wasn’t written persuasively enough, or some eager-beaver officer in the chain of command stole their glory.
		I know of two Medals of Honor -- one in Korea and the other with a Navy unit in Vietnam -- that shamefully went to still-living former officers when in fact their above-and-beyond deeds "witnessed" by sycophants were actually performed by grunts.
		If you were a PFC (private first class), you probably didn’t get a medal for valor.
	www.military.com /Resources/ResourceFileView?file=Hackworth_093003.htm (740 words)

	Malaspina Great Books - Ernest Hemingway (1899)
		His awards include: Silver Medal of Military Valor (medaglia d'argento) in World War I; Pulitzer Prize in 1953 (for The Old Man and the Sea); Nobel Prize in literature in 1954 (also for The Old Man and the Sea).
		Henry didn't want the medal of honor because he knew he didn't deserve it and deserted when realizing the true nature of war, Lt. Hemingway didn't take such drastic steps though he too had realized how pointless the war was.
		Talking about military maneuvers, he always referred to the Italian army as "them", thus stressing he doesn't see himself as part of the army as an ideological and patriotic institution.
	www.malaspina.org /home.asp?topic=./search/details&lastpage=./search/results&ID=270 (8130 words)

	CIS: Veterans' Motor Vehicle Benefits
		A surviving spouse will be able to keep this plate until he/she remarries, or fails to renew or cancels such registration, but an annual fee would then be required.
		Medal of Honor plate: One Congressional Medal of Honor plate, bearing the recipient’s initials followed by the letters “CMH” may be issued for an automobile or motorcycle free of charge to those veterans who have been awarded the congressional Medal of Honor.
		Pearl Harbor Survivor plate: All military personnel on active duty at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, as verified by the Department of Defense, are eligible for this automobile or motorcycle plate free of charge.
	www.sec.state.ma.us /cis/cisvet/vetmotor.htm (594 words)

	DefenseLINK News: Woman Soldier Receives Silver Star for Valor in Iraq (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Leigh Ann Hester of the 617th Military Police Company, a National Guard unit out of Richmond, Ky., received the Silver Star, along with two other members of her unit, Staff Sgt. Timothy Nein and Spc.
		Hester, 23, who was born in Bowling Green, Ky., and later moved to Nashville, Tenn., said she was surprised when she heard she was being considered for the Silver Star.
		Being the first woman soldier since World War II to receive the medal is significant to Hester.
	www.defenselink.mil /news/Jun2005/20050616_1745.html (566 words)

	DefendAmerica News - Soldier Awarded Silver Star with Valor
		Bittinger was awarded the medal for his actions against Anti-Iraqi Forces and for protecting and saving the lives of Multinational Forces in Baqubah and Buhritz on April 9, 2004.
		John R.S. Batiste, awarded the Silver Star medal with Valor, one of the highest military decorations, to Staff Sgt. Raymond Bittinger, an infantryman from the 2nd Battalion, 2nd Infantry Regiment and attached to the 1st Battalion, 6th Field Artillery, according to 1st Infantry Division officials.
		Bittinger, a 33-year-old Chicago native, earned the medal for valorous actions leading to the defeat of enemy forces and saving the lives of friendly forces on April 9, 2004, in Buhritz and Baqubah.
	www.defendamerica.mil /articles/jul2004/a072004a.html (283 words)

	Colonnello Luigi Bosi
		In recognition of his heroism in those days (there's still a monument dedicated to him on the railroad bridge connecting Venice to Marghera) he receives from the (Free) Government of Emilia a Silver Medal for Military Valor and within two months he is promoted Captain of the Artillery Army of the Venetian Land.
		After receiving a medal for his participation to the French war campaign, on 23 March 1862 he is promoted to Major of the Infantry Army and one year later transfers with the same rank to the 5th Regiment of the Granatieri di Napoli.
		At the age of 56 (on 4 June 1869), he is granted the Silver Medal for Civil Valor for having saved with a rowboat a man from who was drowning in the Po flood.
	www.labisa.it /English/ukbosi.htm (439 words)

	Associazione Nazionale Sandro Pertini
		Although the military authorities had been notified of his socialist and neutralist tendencies, they still recognized a series of acts of valor by the young Lieutenant Pertini who was nominated for a silver medal for military valor for leading an assault on Mount Jelenik in August 1917.
		After September 8 and the flight of the royal family from Rome, Pertini fought alongside military and civilians in defense of the capital at Porta San Paolo.
		Having regained his freedom of movement, Pertini joined the central military leadership of the National Liberation Committee as a representative of the PSIUP (Italian socialist party, proletarian union).
	www.pertini.it /eng_bio.htm (2509 words)

	Soldier Earns Silver Star for Her Role in Defeating Ambush
		The 23-year-old retail store manager from Bowling Green, Ky., won the award for skillfully leading her team of military police soldiers in a counterattack after about 50 insurgents ambushed a supply convoy they were guarding near Salman Pak on March 20.
		Leigh Ann Hester is the first female soldier since World War II to receive the Silver Star medal for valor in combat.
		The medal, rare for any soldier, underscores the growing role in combat of U.S. female troops in Iraq's guerrilla war, where tens of thousands of American women have served, 36 have been killed and 285 wounded, according to Pentagon figures.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/16/AR2005061601551.html (397 words)

	Military News - Veteran News: Woman Soldier Receives Silver Star for Valor in Iraq
		Pioneer Military Lending's on-line loan service is designed to provide military personnel immediate access to cash no matter where they are stationed worldwide.
		Hester and her fellow soldiers were awarded their medals at Camp Liberty, Iraq, by Army Lt. Gen.
		November 11 is Veteran's Day in the United States, when Americans honor all those who have returned from service in their nation's military.
	www.militaryconnections.com /story.cfm?textnewsid=1554 (966 words)

	Military.com Content
		His Medal of Honor citation reads like a clip from a fast-paced action movie.
		Murphy's Medal of Honor shared space with 33 other awards and decorations, making him the most decorated U.S. combat soldier of World War II.
		He received every decoration for valor the United States had to offer -- some more than once -- and received five decorations from the governments of France and Belgium.
	www.military.com /Content/MoreContent?file=ML_murphy_bkp (359 words)

	FrontPage magazine.com :: John Kerry's Mysterious Combat “V” by Henry Mark Holzer and Erika Holzer
		vet with nearly forty years of military service who retired as a major, spurred on by the revelations in our book, and, in his words.
		not for the Silver Star, Kerry’s Silver Star citation (the “explanation” of why the award was made) does not even mention the “V” for valor (see www.johnkerry.com).
		In light of the recent Swift Boat revelations and the cloud they have cast over Kerry’s awards, one plausible answer is that this is yet another example of Kerry’s multiple, and increasingly transparent, lies about his alleged heroics in Vietnam.
	www.frontpagemagazine.com /Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=14743 (739 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Military -- Valor defined
		More than 50 Marines from Echo Company have been recognized for valor between March 18 and April 26, when they went into Fallujah to root out insurgents after four civilian contract workers were murdered and two of the bodies hanged from a bridge.
		During the encounter, journalists often asked Skiles, 43, of San Juan Capistrano, for information for their reports about the fighting, but he thought they were missing something.
		Although only a few of the medal nominations have been approved so far, The San Diego Union-Tribune was allowed to review the submissions on condition that no detailed information be revealed.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/military/20040731-9999-1n31valor.html (1967 words)

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