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	JewishEncyclopedia.com - BAR KOKBA AND BAR KOKBA WAR:
		Bar Kokba, the hero of the third war against Rome, appears under this name only among ecclesiastical writers: heathen authors do not mention him; and Jewish sources call him Ben (or Bar) Koziba or Kozba.
		Others believe that Bar Koziba was a contumelious appellation ("Son of Lies") bestowed after the unfortunate issue of the revolt.
		The twenty-one years claimed by Gans for Bar Kokba and his sons can be explained if the whole period from 118 to 135 be accepted, which, however, would only amount to seventeen years.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=237&letter=B (3066 words)

	MyJewishLearning.com - History & Community: The Bar Kochba Revolt
		The sobriquet Bar Kokhba, "Son of a Star," was given to him in accord with Num.
		Bar Kokhba observed Jewish law, and it may be stated that the documents confirm the close relationship between this "messiah" and tannaitic Judaism.
		With the accession of the emperor Antoninus Pius (138-161 C.E.), virtually all of Hadrian's decrees were rescindedThe latter years of Roman rule, in the aftermath of the Bar Kochba Revolt and on the verge of the Christianization of the empire, were extremely fertile ones for the development of Judaism.
	www.myjewishlearning.com /history_community/Ancient/TheStoryI/RomanRule/BarKochba.htm (1044 words)

	History: Jewish Bar Kochba Revolt
		Bar Kochba asked Rabbi Elazar what was said to him by the Kussi on that day.
		Bar Kochba therefore was good for the Jews he gave hope to the Jews and gave them a taste of independence and what it feels like to fight for all you believe in.
		Even if Bar Kochba did not exist a revolt would have still occurred maybe with a different date and a different leader, but a revolt was inescapable.
	www.cyberessays.com /History/95.htm (1687 words)

	Simon bar Kokhba Summary
		The major cause of the uprising led by Bar Kochba was the great hostility of the Jews toward the Romans, who had ruled Palestine since 64 B.C. The earlier Jewish revolt (A.D. 66-70) had resulted in the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple.
		Severus hesitated to meet Bar Kochba in the field and instead besieged and captured one fortress after another, forcing the Jews to flee to the mountains and hide in caves.
		Originally named Simon Bar Koziba, he was given the name Bar Kokhba (Aramaic for "Son of a Star", referring to Numbers 24:17, "A star has shot off Jacob") by his contemporary, the Jewish sage Rabbi Akiva, who contemplated the possibility that Bar Kochba could be the long-awaited Jewish Messiah.
	www.bookrags.com /Simon_bar_Kokhba (1158 words)

	TFBA - New Finds from the Bar Kochba Period
		The leader of the revolt, Simeon Bar Kochba rallied the Jews to rebel against the Romans when the Emperor Hadrian proposed to build a new pagan city at Jerusalem, including construction of a temple to Jupiter where the Jewish Temple had once stood.
		Bar Kochba was captured by the Romans at a cave near Galilee in 132 CE (and executed shortly afterward), the rebellion was brought to an end.
		This Large Bronze Coin is an example of those minted by the Jews during the early years of the Bar Kochba Revolt.
	www.tfba.org /news.php?newsid=1 (566 words)

	JudaeaSecondRevolt.htm
		A charismatic leader of Jews, Simeon of Davidic descent led the revolt against Roman authority in 132 CE.
		Jerusalem was retaken in 135 CE and Bar Kokhba was killed at Betar, his stronghold in the southwestern part of Jerusalem.
		Jews were barred to enter Jerusalem thereafter except for one day of the year (Day of Mourning).
	www.worldcoincatalog.com /AC/C4/Judah/08JudaeaSecondRevolt/JudaeaSecondRevolt.htm (397 words)

	Rabbi Judah's Troublesome Wedding Guest
		Bar Kappara's erudition as a Torah scholar was combined with a unique flare for rhetorical and poetic expression.
		For example, Bar Kappara seems to have taken particular offense in the fact that Rabbi Judah had allowed his daughter to marry an individual named Bar El'asah, an aristocrat whose material affluence was (to put it delicately) not matched by his intellectual abilities.
		Bar El'asa commenced reciting the challenging and perplexing riddle that Bar Kappara had devised for him, a brainteaser that was replete with obscure biblical allusions and was obviously beyond El'asah's modest intellectual capacities.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~elsegal/Shokel/030227_BarKappara.html (1130 words)

	Shimon bar Kokhba
		His last name, however, is written with many variations, such as Ben Koziva or Bar Kozevah, in different documents.
		It is probable that his name was originally Bar Koseva, which is either his father's name or the name of a Judean settlement.
		It was likely changed to Bar-Kokhba during the revolt, as a reference to a verse in the Bible referring to the Messiah as a star (kokhav).
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/biography/Kokhba.html (427 words)

	Bambooweb: Simeon Bar Kochba
		Due to the failure of an earlier Jewish revolt in the eastern Roman provinces, Bar Kochba found his support was mostly limited to the Roman province of Judea.
		Despite some initial successes, his revolt was brutally crushed by Hadrian: Bar Kochba and his followers were killed in a dramatic last stand at the fortress of Betar, southwest of Jerusalem, and many of his supporters were executed, among them Rabbi Akiva.
		Nevertheless, it was a costly victory for Rome, and the generals, when reporting to the Senate, did not begin with the customary greeting: "I and my troops are well." After Bar Kokhba's defeat, Jerusalem was razed, Jews were forbidden to live there, and a new Roman city, Aelia Capitolina, was built in its place.
	www.bambooweb.com /articles/s/i/Simeon_Bar_Kochba.html (187 words)

	Texts on Bar Kochba: Babylonian Talmud, Gittin
		Simon ben Kosiba, surnamed Simon bar Kochba ('son of the star') was a Jewish Messiah.
		After the end of the disastrous rebellion, the rabbis called him 'Bar Kozeba', which means 'son of the lie'.
		The revolt of Bar Kochba is commented upon in a treatise named Gittin (divorces), a part of the Babylonian Talmud, a large collection of rabbinical wisdom from the fifth-sixth century CE.
	www.livius.org /ja-jn/jewish_wars/bk02.html (457 words)

	BLOG and MABLOG
		Then Simeon blessed them, and said to Mary His mother, "Behold, this Child is destined for the fall and rising of many in Israel, and for a sign which will be spoken against (yes, a sword will pierce through your own soul also), that the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed" (Luke 2:25-35).
		Simeon knew that he held a glory to Israel in his arms—In the first century, only a remnant of Jews were saved.
		Simeon speaks of it this way—he blesses Joseph and Mary.
	www.dougwils.com /index.asp?Action=ArchivesByTopic&TopicID=25 (14799 words)

	Online Knowledge Explorer®/Encyclopedia Americana® (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Bar Kokhba (died 135), "Son of the Star," a Palestinian Jew who commanded a popular revolution against Rome in the 2d century
		A.D. Born Simeon Bar Kosiba (or Kosba), he organized and led the revolt of 132
		Bar Kokhba's own letters, found at Wadi Murabaat in Jordan in 1952 and in the "Bar Kokhba" cave in Israel, near the Dead Sea, in 1960
	oke.grolier.com /InfoOffset=3319&FFC=F&OEMTag=RV&MajorVersion=11&EAID=0033420-00.ea (165 words)

	Messianic Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Led a Jewish revolt against Rome in 132 CE, the name means 'son of a star.' Messianic Jews did not participate in this revolt since traditional Jews considered Bar Kochbar a Messianic figure.
		This refusal of Messianic Jews to participate in this revolt caused a further breakdown of relations between Jewish believers and traditional Jews.
		Zohar Most likely written by Spanish kabbalist named Moses de Leon in the thirteenth century, some believe de Leon was merely redistributing a text originally written in the 1st century by Rabbi Shimon Bar Yokhai.
	mosaicministries.homestead.com /glossary.html (6456 words)

	Grant R. Jeffrey Ministries
		Rabbi Simeon ben Jochai indicates in another passage of the Zohar that these three steps as revealed in Elohim Myhla (God) are three substantive beings or three divine persons united in one.
		Rabbi Simeon ben Jochai wrote a fascinating passage recorded in the Zohar that is as clear a discussion of the mystery of the Trinity as you could find in any Christian theology text.
		Rabbi Simeon ben Jochai, The Propositions of the Zohar.
	www.grantjeffrey.com /article/chphnwr.htm (7463 words)

	Jewish Holiday Calendar
		Another theory says that Simon Bar Kochba, the Jewish leader of the rebellion from 132 C.E. to 135 C.E. suffered a series of losses during the rebellion but on the 33rd day of the Omer, he scored a victory, which raised the morale of the Jewish fighters.
		Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai was a student of Rabbi Akiva, the spiritual leader of the Bar Kochba Revolt against Rome from 132 C.E. to 135 C.E., and to the burial site of Shimon bar Yochai's son, Rabbi Elazar b'Rabbi Shimon, to celebrate the "Yahrtzeit" I.E. the anniversary of the death of Rabbi Yochai.
		According to Rabbah bar bar Hannah, this event occurred on the 15th of Av (Ta'anit 31a; Bava Batra 121a-b).
	www.angelfire.com /pa2/passover/jewish-holiday-calendar.html (15529 words)

	HISTORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		He was the spiritual force behind the Bar Kochba rebellion of 132 – 135 CE.
		The Rebellion of Bar Kochba occurred in 132 – 135 CE.
		Simeon Bar Kochba was reputedly of David descent and was hailed as the promised Messiah by Rabbi Akiba, who gave him the title Bar Kochba, which means Son of the Star, a messianic allusion.
	www.lebtahor.com /historytimeline/historylist.htm (7145 words)

	The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Crisis of Christianity-3
		Sporadic fighting continued until it erupted again sixty years later under Simeon bar Kochba - a descendant of the Zealots in spirit if not by blood.
		Simeon held out in Qumran for a while, and later at Battir near Jerusalem, until the last vestige of Zealot resistance was wiped out.
		Simeon bar Kochba was the last of the early Christians.
	burningcross.net /crusades/dead-sea-scrolls-3.html (13065 words)

	Interesting Archeological Finds
		north of Beit Govrin in the Judean foothills, where Jewish rebels and their families had found shelter during the Second Jewish Revolt (the Bar Kochba revolt) against Rome in the years 132-35.
		Bar-Kochba (Simeon ben Kosba) was the leader of the revolt.
		His name is well known from Jewish sources and from documents found in the Dead Sea region; the weight attests to his administration of the economy.
	www.abu.nb.ca /courses/NTIntro/images/Balsam.htm (378 words)

	War is thus an act of force to compel our enemy to do our will. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Leonidas and 300 Spartans face the invading Persian armies of Xerxes
		Simeon Bar Kochba wrests the Holy Land away from Roman power
		A costly Crusader blunder assures Arab victory in Palestine
	home.austin.rr.com /atreidesnetwork/conflict.htm (265 words)

	Pope Telesphorus
		Simeon ben Kosiba led the revolt that massacred the famous 12th legion of the Roman army, and liberated Jerusalem.
		The Rabbis renamed him "Simeon Bar Kochba" ("Son of the star").
		Emperor Hadrian responded furiously, ordering the mass murder of every Jew in Judaea, and the complete destruction of Jerusalem to the ground.
	www.archelaos.com /popes/details.aspx?id=8 (417 words)

	Classical Values :: Part Two: A three-way Fall....
		Simeon bar Kochba (the name has several spellings) was a Messianic figure, and although not considered the Messiah by many people today, at the time of the revolt many Jews believed he was.
		Considering that bar Kochba himself ordered persecution of Christians who refused to renounce Jesus, it is easy to see how Christian anti-Semitism would take on tragic, permanent, proportions.
		I am sure that like any intelligent leader, Hadrian would have utilized whatever divide-and-conquer tactics were available to help defeat the Jews, and it would not have been in his interest to persecute Christians during a major campaign against Jews.
	www.classicalvalues.com /archives/000405.html (1687 words)

	Ancient Jewish Writings - Trinity
		During the three years of battle for Jewish independence led by the general Simeon Bar Kochba, many of his followers (including the famous Rabbi Akiba) declared that Bar Kochba was Israel’s true messiah.
		In another book written by Rabbi Simeon, known as The Propositions of the Zohar, records the mystery of the Shechinah glory of God in these words.
		That most reverend Elder opened an exposition of this verse by saying ‘Simeon Simeon, who is it that said: "Let us make man?" Who is this Elohim?’ With these words the most reverend Elder vanished before anyone saw him...
	www.layevangelism.com /qreference/chapter10e.htm (1748 words)

	The Theologian
		Their worst offence in Jewish eyes was the worship of a man as God.
		This hostility was increased by the refusal of Christians to join in successive revolts; and later Simeon Bar-Kochba could not tolerate the followers of a rival Messiah.
		The defeat of the Jews by the Romans ended any serious danger for the Church from this quarter; tragically, the Christians became the persecutors instead.
	www.theologian.org.uk /churchhistory/persecution.html (2514 words)

	Hadrian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Jews, however, were hardly to stand by and watch in silence while the emperor desecrated their holiest place, the ancient site of the Temple of Salomon.
		And so, with Simeon Bar-Kochba as its leader, an embittered Jewish revolt arose in AD 132.
		Only by the end of AD 135 was the situation back under control, with over half a million Jews having lost their lives in the the fighting.
	www.roman-empire.net /highpoint/hadrian.html (2320 words)

	Zionism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In recent years, many Jews have criticised the morality and expediency of Israel's continued occupation of the territories captured in 1967.
		The desire of Jews to return to their ancestral homeland became a universal Jewish theme after the destruction of Jerusalem by the Roman Empire in AD 70, the defeat of Simeon Bar Kochba in 135, and the dispersal of the Jews to other parts of the Empire that followed.
		Until the rise of ideological and political Zionism, however, most Jews believed that the Jewish people would only return to Israel with the coming of the Messiah, that is, after divine intervention.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Zionist (5953 words)

	Was Jesus a creationist? - Page 4 - 4Forums.com
		Simeon bar Kochba actually came closer to the Jewish requirements for a messiah.
		You have to remember, that the Jewish concept of the Messiah is much different than the Christian concept.
		And, yes, in the view of the Jewish religion, you don't have a case for the Christian religion as it stands now.
	www.4forums.com /political/showthread.php?t=4482&page=4 (2920 words)

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