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Topic: Similitude (model)

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	Similitude (model) (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Similitude's main application is in hydraulic and aerospace engineering to test fluid flow conditions with scaled models.
		Similitude has been well documented for a large number of engineering problems and is the basis of many textbook formulas and dimensionless quantities.
		Another use of similitude and models is in validation of computer simulation s with the ultimate goal of eliminating the need for physical models altogether.
	www.seattleluxury.com.cob-web.org:8888 /encyclopedia/entry/Similitude_(model) (1089 words)

	Model (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In science and technology, a model (abstract) is understood as an abstract or theoretical representation of a phenomenon,see;
		A scale model is a replica or prototype of an object built either for research or as a hobby, usually built smaller than the existing or intended thing, though can equally be built larger to illustrate something that would otherwise be hard to see.
		Similitude (model) is testing criteria of a model to insure results that are applicable to the real thing.
	www.centipedia.com /articles/Modelling (294 words)

	Mathematical Modeling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In geometric similitude, the ratio of all dimensions must be equal to the scale ratio between the prototype and the model.
		The scale ratio is the model dimension divided by the prototype dimension.
		Modeling a ship through the water is a more difficult test than that of an automobile, submarine or aircraft because there are two different resistances for a ship to overcome.
	www.uidaho.edu /engr/mecheng/classes/me391/Group2/nateb.html (470 words)

	Model Kit
		In mathematics, particularly in set theory, a model is some concrete realization of a set of axioms (in a sense this is the opposite ofthe previous definiton).
		Similitude (model) is testing criteria of a model to insure that results are applicable to the realthing.
		A scale model is a replica or prototype of an object built either for research or as a hobby, usually built smaller thanthe existing or intended thing, though can equally be built larger to illustrate something that would otherwise be hard tosee.
	www.lottery-news.net /dust37412-model_kit.html (506 words)

	Oxygen Transfer Similitude for Vented Hydroturbine
		A similitude relationship for the oxygen transfer that occurs in a vented hydroturbine is developed with reference to scaling between a homologous turbine model and a full-size turbine installation (prototype).
		The similitude relation is then developed with existing theories on turbine hydrodynamics, bubble hydrodynamics, and interfacial mass transfer.
		Model-prototype similitude for oxygen transfer is primarily a function of gas-void ratio, rotational speed, and runner diameter with diffusivity, surface tension, and density playing a lesser role.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?9702229 (135 words)

	Basic Hyper
		Hypothesis generation, where a number of possible positions of the model in the scene are generated by taking the longest segments of the model and comparing it to segments in the scene for length and curvature.
		As soon as a model is found in the scene, its corresponding segments are removed from the scene and the algorithm is rerun until no model is found or the number of models to find is reached.
		A similitude is a geometric transformation able to model the combination of a scale factor (k), a rotation angle (α) and 2 translation vectors (tx,ty).
	www.bath.ac.uk /bucs/software/image_analysis/visilog/html/refguide/chap10.html (2820 words)

	ME5247 - scaling
		Models can be made larger than or smaller than the full size object with the intent of making model testing easier than full size object testing.
		An underlying concept for model and experiment scaling is to compare the values of pure numbers or unit-less or dimensionless quantities for the model-size and full size objects or processes.
		Similitude refers to the characteristics of different systems so that behavior is the same, ands a more precise term than similarity.
	www.me.umn.edu /education/courses/me5221/Tutorials/Scaling/scaling.html (1769 words)

	SIMILITUDE MODEL EXPERIMENTS TO DETECT MINE CAVITIES 1 (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A tank model and a similitude model are developed to verify the effectiveness of this method for cavity detection in the saline medium and in the actual materials.
		In the similitude model the resistivity profiles for the cross-section 8-8 was prepared (Fig.
		The new technique of cavity location appears to be applicable for cavity detection in experimental study either in the brine tank model or similitude model.
	www.wvmdtaskforce.com.cob-web.org:8888 /proceedings/90/90ZIA/90ZIA.HTM (2216 words)

	CSET :: Publications
		This study used similitude theory to devise experiments that were conducted at near-ambient conditions while simulating the performance of filters operated at elevated temperatures and pressures (850oC and 1000kPa).
		Model results showed that the majority of unburned hydrocarbon is located in the piston-ring crevice region and the carbon monoxide resides in the vicinity of the cylinder walls.
		The present study is a comprehensive evaluation of dynamic scaling in bubbling fluidized beds using pressure fluctuation data from model and prototype beds for 27 distinct operating conditions.
	csetweb.me.iastate.edu /publications_envfossil.htm (1657 words)

	A SIMILITUDE MODEL FOR TESTING GREENHOUSE EVAPORATIVE COOLING PADS UNDER THE HOT-ARID CONDITIONS OF THE U.A.E.
		A similitude model was constructed at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the U.A.E. University to test the performance of greenhouse evaporative cooling pads under the hot-arid conditions of the United Arab Emirates.
		The model was utilized to asses the performance of two 100 mm thick pads made of date-fronds leaves and fibers as compared to that of a similar thickness “Cel-Dek” pad (a corrugated cellulosic pad most commonly used in the UAE) under several operational conditions.
		The model consisted of a self-contained “pad and fan” evaporative cooling system constructed from a 2.5 m x 0.65m x 0.7m laminated 12mm thick wood tunnel with a 220 mm variable speed, direct drive fan (0.5 to 2.2 m./s), and a controlled circulation, variable-flow wetting water circulation system (0.03 – 0.12 l /s).
	www.actahort.org /books/456/456_39.htm (263 words)

	Models :: Sports and Hobbies : Gourt
		Model (abstract), an abstract or conceptual object used in the creation of a predictive formula
		Model theory, study of the representation of mathematical concepts
		Similitude (model), in engineering, used in the scientific testing of physical models
	kids-and-teens.gourt.com /Sports-and-Hobbies/Models.html (457 words)

	Maneuver Realism Speed 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		When scale WW-2 fighter models are equipped for adequate speed performance to include vertical maneuvers, it eliminates the problem of only flying in a narrow speed range that has sometimes handicapped overall-flight realism.
		However those modelers achieving these capabilities (including jets) must also use that performance wisely, since selection of such an aircraft and well-equipped model is not an inherited license to speed through all maneuvers unnecessarily.
		Although a 70 mph model speed equates to a scale speed (LSS) for full-size of 350 mph or 350 x 1/5 = 70, the DSS Table indicates 65 to 70 mph in 1/5 scale has a performance equivalent of only approximately 150 mph in full size.
	www.scaleaero.com /maneuver_realism_speed4.htm (1443 words)

	Similitude (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The issue is the relationship between the model and the prototype in testing.
		A scale model of the prototype is fabricated and tested.
		From an engineering point of view it appears that three types of similarities are to be achieved between the model and the prototype.
	www.aeromech.usyd.edu.au /aero/fprops/dimension/node16.html (111 words)

	[Scott Wilkerson] Word For/Word #9: Winter 2006
		The narrative implicit in Freud's invocation of an extended psyche is perhaps decoded in Lefebvre's notion of the body as the nexus of a "generative principle," which I take to be a kind of reflexive, Olsonesque proprioception in which, from which, through which, or by which the cogito derives itself.
		From the propositional abstractions of rhetoric to the megalithic concretizations of architecture, it is through representations in a spatial discourse that we begin to construct the lines and outlines of the Self proper or at least the essential properties of a Self.
		Aesthetic theory thus fuses the speculative to the performative in the space of the objet d'art, in the radicalism of the property of similitude.
	www.wordforword.info /vol9/Wilkerson.htm (1679 words)

	Engelbart: "Microelectronics, And The Art Of Similitude."[1959] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Experimental models could usually be built to the same size scale as was planned for the final development model, and there was seldom any occasion for the component researcher to consider the effects which a change in size scale might have upon the phenomena which his devices utilize.
		The message is that they should look to the art of similitude for help in orienting themselves, in evaluating new-device possibilities, or for conducting research on new devices.
		Application of similitude can yield a transformation schedule for changing all of the common electronic parameters, corresponding to a given change in the length parameters, to yield a scale model of a given electronic device which can be expected to perform in a manner exactly similar to that of the original model.
	sloan.stanford.edu /mousesite/EngelbartPapers/B10_F39_MicroSimili.html (476 words)

	Similitude - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For geometric or mathematical similitude, see Similarity (mathematics).
		For Dynamic similitude and similitude in engineering models, see Similitude (model).
		"Similitude (Enterprise episode)", a third season episode of Star Trek: Enterprise
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Similitude (106 words)

	Methodology for Designing Gas Generator Systems for the Instantaneous Personal Protection System, 18-9136 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The approach calls for the use of available analytical and numerical models, similitude analysis, and carefully designed experiments to generate an easy-to-use engineering model.
		The team’s intent is to develop either a personal computer-based or a nondimensional graphical model that captures the essential physics of the gas-generation and inflation processes without the mathematical complexities.
		The models have been combined to provide a numerical simulation of the process from propellant initiation through erection of the IPPS system.
	www.swri.edu /3pubs/IRD1999/18913699.htm (332 words)

	Ashrae Technical Committee 4.10
		Modeling of spaces with heat sources is not straight forward.
		For instance, it is possible to introduce heat as a surface distribution by specifying either the heat transfer rate, heat transfer coefficient or the temperature of the surface.
		It is difficult to use a small-scale similitude model to study indoor airflow with natural ventilation because the heat transfer and airflow lead to a contradicting scaling factor with normal room air.
	www.bfrl.nist.gov /863/tc410/TC410_reas.htm (1412 words)

	Similitude in Coastal Engineering
		The basic principles of the engineering approach to similitude is given with emphasis on coastal engineering applications.
		In contrast to the parallel that exists between the Froude similitude and the Reynolds similitude as it is often formerly presented, the parallel between the similitude of “short” model and similitude of “long” model is stressed as the most practical engineering approach to scale model technology.
		Density effects are examined, and the problem of similitude of wave forces—or more generally of time-dependent phenomenons—are quantitatively determined.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?5012293 (116 words)

	Today's Tacoma Narrows Bridge
		Although the development of aerodynamics in the 1940s was not unique as applied to aircraft, there had been no previous scientific effort devoted to the dynamic effect of winds passing over a bridge structure.
		The tests would prove that wind velocities acting on models scaled to match the bridge's form and elastic properties would create the same motions as those actually measured and recorded in the field.
		The first test proved the theory of similitude between model and prototype with almost perfect accuracy establishing confidence in tests on other designs.
	www.nwrain.com /~newtsuit/recoveries/narrows/cb.htm (767 words)

	Michigan Aerospace Corporation - ALARS
		Two slimmer hulls are located at the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the ovate ring structure, which house the guide rudder and additional pneumatic architecture for inflatable pads on top and bottom of the docking cradle.
		Because of the difficulty of the problem and the requirement for operation in Sea State 5 conditions, Michigan Aerospace Corporation developed a simulation model of the towed array system and performed a series of dynamic computer simulations to characterize the behavior of the system under mission conditions.
		For this study, models of the Navy warships that are to be fitted with the recovery system were analyzed by the University of Michigan’s Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering.
	www.michiganaero.com /business_units/mechanical/alars.shtml (651 words)

	Foucault, This is Not a Pipe (abstract)
		The legend, which is wholly part of the artwork and not in its customary marginal frame, serves to point up the artifice of the conventional equivalency between "a pipe" and the image of a pipe.
		Important to Foucault's analysis is the distinction between resemblance and similitude in visual representation.
		With similitude, however, the objective "referent" is gone; things and images are "more or less like one another without any of them being able to claim the privileged status of model for the rest" (10).
	mh.cla.umn.edu /txtimbw1.html (270 words)

	The Sophie Bergström Gallery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		She paints with oils and also uses an airbrush; depending on the model, she either sculpts the mane and tail or uses mohair for just the right look.
		Realism is of paramount importance to Sophie and it's always her goal to make each model as life-like as possible.
		As time goes by, she is finding that the molds she starts out customizing end up becoming armatures, far-removed from the original finish Breyer they once were.
	www.modelhorsegallery.info /B/Bergstrom/SBhome.html (288 words)

	Physical Modeling of Drilled Shaft Side Resistance in Sand
		Dimensional analysis of deep foundation side resistance is used to formulate the laws of similitude for drilled shaft uplift capacity.
		The resulting prediction equation for dimensionless side resistance then is tested against the results of static uplift load tests on model drilled shaft foundations in sand constructed at three different scales, all satisfying the same conditions of similitude.
		The factors illustrated by this study are used to develop guidelines for: (1) conducting model load tests to avoid scale effects and (2) developing correction factors for small-scale models that may be affected by apparent scale effects.
	www.astm.org /JOURNALS/GEOTECH/PAGES/28.htm (238 words)

	Models (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		set theory, a model is some concrete realization of a set of axioms (in a sense this is the opposite of the previous definition).
		mental model is an explanation of a thought process.
		In automobiles, a model is a type of vehicle sold under a
	www.writen4u.com /public/Models.asp (391 words)

	NASA - Dryden Technical Report Server
		For free flying models tests, the test velocities for incompressible flow are scaled from Froude number similitude requirements and those for compressible flow are scaled from Mach number similitude requirements.
		The inlet was a one third scale model of the inlet on a YF-12 airplane, and it was tested in the wind tunnel at representative flight conditions at Mach numbers above 2.0.
		A NASTRAN model of a spar was examined to determine the sensitivity of calculated axial thermal stresses and bending stresses to changes in element density of the model.
	www.nasa.gov /centers/dryden/news/DTRS/1979/index.html (2781 words)

	Similitude - Memory Alpha - A Wikia wiki
		Similitude - Memory Alpha - A Wikia wiki
		Adam Taylor Gordon, who played a younger version of Tucker in "The Xindi", played the version of Sim at age 8 in this episode.
		The model Archer played with as a boy in "Broken Bow" reappears in this episode.
	memory-alpha.org /en/wiki/Similitude (700 words)

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