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Topic: Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue

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	Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) is a small, self-contained, propulsive backpack system used to provide free-flying mobility for a Space Shuttle or International Space Station (ISS) crewmember during extra-vehicular activity (EVA).
		SAFER is a small, simplified version of the Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU) intended for contingency use only.
		SAFER is designed to be used as a self-rescue device for a separated EVA crewmember in situations when no vehicles can provide rescue capability.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Simplified_Aid_for_EVA_Rescue (161 words)

	Aid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Aid Association of Lutherans The Aid Association of Lutherans was founded in 1902 in Lutheran communities in America.
		Aid worker Aid workers are the staff of humanitarian aid organizations, typically working overseas in development, disas...
		Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) is a small, self-contained, propulsive backpack syst...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/aid.html (608 words)

	John F. Kennedy Space Center - STS-64 Shuttle Mission
		Astronauts Mark C. Lee and Carl J. Meade will exit the orbiter's airlock Friday morning for a six-hour EVA to test of a device designed as a rescue aid or future spacewalkers who become untethered while working outside their spacecraft or space station.
		The spacewalk or EVA lasted 6 hours 51 minutes and was the 28th in the Space Shuttle program.
		Lee and Meade exited the airlock mid-morning Friday and conducted several tests of the SAFER, the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue, while untethered in Discovery's cargo bay.
	www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov /kscpao/shuttle/missions/sts-64/mission-sts-64.html (5335 words)

	[No title]
		This example is heavily based on NASA's %% Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER), developed at the Johnson %% Space Center (JSC).
		Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) Operations Manual.
		Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) Flight Test Project, %% Flight Test Article Prime Item Development Specification.
	shemesh.larc.nasa.gov /fm/ftp/Guidebooks/SAFER/model.pvs (1336 words)

	[No title]
		Their EVA also represents one in a series aimed at testing equipment and procedures which may be implemented during assembly and maintenance of the International Space Station.
		The Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue (SAFER), first test- flown on shuttle mission STS-64 in September 1994, will be worn by Godwin and Clifford and will be used only for a contingency.
		SAFER is attached to the spacesuit's Portable Life Support System backpack, and is, in essence, a scaled-down, miniature version of the Manned Maneuvering Unit backpack flown aboard shuttle missions in 1984.
	science.ksc.nasa.gov /shuttle/missions/sts-76/sts-76-press-kit.txt (6719 words)

	STS-64
		SAFER is designed for self-rescue use by a space walker in the event the shuttle is unable or unavailable to retrieve a detached, drifting crew member.
		The protocol helps clean nitrogen from the blood of the EVA astronauts before they venture outside the crew cabin, thus preventing the condition known as "the bends." At 5:23 a.m., flight controllers awakened crew members with the song "Hound Dog" by Elvis Presley.
		The SAFER space walker will then activate the unit's attitude control system to stop the rotation and fly back to the end of the arm.
	www.astronautix.com /flights/sts64.htm (5441 words)

	STS-64 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In Discovery's middeck area, STS-64 will carry the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) system, the Solid Surface Combustion Experiment (SSCE), the Biological Research in Canister III (BRIC-III) experiment, the Radiation Monitoring Equipment III (RME-III) experiment.
		LITE payload employs lidar, which stands for light detection and ranging, a type of optical radar using laser pulses instead of radio waves to study Earth's atmosphere.
		During six-hour, 15- minute EVA, they tested new backpack called Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER), designed for use in event crew member becomes untethered while conducting an EVA.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/STS-64 (679 words)

	NASA - A SAFER Way to Space Walk
		That is why SAFER is intended primarily for emergency rescue, and not as an alternative to tools such as tethers and safety grips as a means of getting around the station.
		Astronauts control the SAFER device by using a hand controller attached to the front of their space suits.
		SAFER is a rare type of technology: the kind that is built with the hope it won't be used.
	www.nasa.gov /missions/shuttle/f_saferspacewalk.html (587 words)

	High-Automation Proofs for Properties of Requirements Models - Di Vito (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Serving as the test article was the embedded controller for SAFER, a backpack propulsion system used as a rescue device by NASA astronauts.
		SAFER requirements were previously formalized using PVS during a NASA pilot project in formal methods, details of which appear in a NASA guidebook.
		2 Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (context) - for, SAFER et al.
	citeseer.lcs.mit.edu /64047.html (465 words)

	STS-64
		Among the tools is the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue, or SAFER, a small, self-contained, propulsive backpack that can provide a free-flying astronaut control and mobility.
		Called SAFER for Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue, the backpack is designed for use in the event a crew member inadvertently becomes untethered while conducting an extravehicular activity.
		CDT, STS-64 MCC Status Report #16 reports: Astronauts Mark Lee and Carl Meade today successfully completed the first untethered U.S. space walk in a decade, trying out a new rescue aid for astronauts who might float free from their spacecraft.
	science.ksc.nasa.gov /shuttle/missions/sts-64/mission-sts-64.html (5347 words)

	93-181Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The new Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) backpack, with a ~v of 9 - 12 fps, is an example of such a system.
		The problem studied in this paper is that of using SAFER to carry out efficient short-range transfers from the payhad bay of the Space Shuttle Orbiter to the vicinity of the underside of the vehicle, for instance for inspection and repair of thermal tiles or umbilical doors.
		For operational simplicity, this impulse is applied towards the Orbiter at the moment when the line-of-sight of the EVA crewmember is tangential to the underside of the vehicle.
	www.space-flight.org /AAS_meetings/1993_winter/abstracts/93-181.html (347 words)

	sciforums.com - Flying Astronaut
		In 1994 astronaut Mark Lee found out when he tested the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) system for NASA.
		SAFER is a backpack propulsion unit that incorporates small nitrogen thrusters controlled by hand and moderated by computer.
		SAFER, smaller than the Manned Maneuvering Unit, is designed as a backup system to help astronauts in the unlikely event that they become too separated from their work outside the International Space Station.
	www.sciforums.com /printthread.php?t=4109 (299 words)

	STS-86
		In addition to retrieving the MEEP, Parazynski and Titov were to continue an evaluation of the Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue (SAFER), a small jet-backpack designed for use as a type of life jacket during station assembly.
		This EVA will be made by Parazynski and Titov and is scheduled for 1.10 between 1844-2334 UTC (date and timeline not yet fully confirmed).
		Images of the approach of Atlantis and the EVA of Parazynski and Titov made from inside Mir were directly transmitted to earth via Russian tracking stations on UHF frequencies.
	www.astronautix.com /flights/sts86.htm (2482 words)

	NASA - A SAFER Way to Space Walk
		Unlike the Space Shuttle, the space station cannot maneuver to rescue a free-floating EVA crew member.
		EVA crewmembers are required to use SAFER whenever the shuttle is docked to station and unable to fly over to recover a spacewalker who has become un-tethered and can't get back to the airlock.
		SAFER's propulsion, which is provided by 24 fixed-position thrusters that expel nitrogen gas, was first tested in 1994 by astronaut Mark Lee outside the Space Shuttle Discovery.
	www.nasa.gov /lb/missions/shuttle/f_saferspacewalk.html (587 words)

	Nasaexplores
		To calculate the speeds of an astronaut using the NASA Simplified Aid For Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Rescue (SAFER).
		SAFER, on the other hand, has a very important role now, especially with so much more work that has to be done on building the Station.
		Discuss the importance of SAFER for astronauts on the ISS.
	www.nasaexplores.com /show_912_teacher_st.php?id=03070291515 (580 words)

	SAFER - Gurupedia
		More recent versions — SAFER+ and SAFER++ — were submitted as candidates to the AES process and the
		After a second key-mixing stage there is the diffusion layer: a novel cryptographic component termed a Pseudo-Hadamard Transform (PHT).
		SAFER+ (Massey et al, 1998) was submitted as a candidate for the
	www.gurupedia.com /s/sa/safer.htm (564 words)

	GPN-2000-001070 - SAFER Tests by Meade and Lee
		Astronauts Carl J. Meade and Mark C. Lee (red stripe on suit) test the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) system some 130 nautical miles from Earth.
		The pair were actually performing an in-space rehearsal or demonstration of a contingency rescue using the never- before flown hardware.
		Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue SAFER Remote Manipulator System RMS STS-64 Canada Arm Carl Meade Mark Lee Extravehicular Activity EVA Spacewalk
	grin.hq.nasa.gov /ABSTRACTS/GPN-2000-001070.html (116 words)

	2004 MAPLD International Conference - STS-86 USA Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) Failure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Therefore, the pyrotechnic propellant isolation valve did not open and nitrogen gas was not sent to the SAFER’S thrusters.
		The NSI did not fire because there was a change in the NSI resistance as the NSI “fire” current pulse was applied to the NSI by the avionics circuit.
		The NSI resistance was measured at 1.09 ohms before installation into the SAFER.
	klabs.org /mapld04/tutorials/mishaps/sts86_safer.htm (207 words)

	NASA Neurolab Web: To Live and Work aboard the Space Shuttle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Astronauts Carl Meade and Mark Lee are seen testing the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) during the STS-64 mission.
		Mark Lee is free floating in front of him, testing the operations of the SAFER device.
		SAFER was developed to rescue EVA crewmembers in case they accidentally became untethered during EVA operations.
	neurolab.jsc.nasa.gov /64114027.htm (87 words)

	NASA Neurolab Web: To Live and Work aboard the Space Shuttle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Astronaut Mark Lee is floating above the Shuttle's payload bay during the first test of the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER).
		SAFER is a device, attached to the bottom of the EMU backpack, that allows the astronauts to maneuver themselves around.
		It was developed as a self-rescue device to be used during the assembly and maintenance of the International Space Station in the event that a tethered astronaut breaks away during an EVA, and a Shuttle is not available to assist in the rescue.
	neurolab.jsc.nasa.gov /64045028.htm (96 words)

	GPN-2000-001077 - SAFER Rescue System Tested
		Astronauts Carl J. Meade and Mark C. Lee (red strip on suit) test the new Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) system some 130 nautical miles above Earth.
		The pair was actually performing an in-space rehearsal or demonstration of a contingency rescue using never-before flown hardware.
		Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue SAFER Remote Manipulator System RMS STS-64 Discovery Carl Meade and Mark Lee Canada Arm Extravehicular Activity Spacewalk
	grin.hq.nasa.gov /ABSTRACTS/GPN-2000-001077.html (107 words)

	Shuttle-Mir History/People/Team Members/Parazynski
		Astronaut and medical doctor Scott Parazynski was a crewmember on STS-86, the seventh shuttle mission to dock with Mir.
		On this flight, Parazynski conducted a spacewalk with veteran Russian flyer Vladimir Titov, who was the first cosmonaut to perform an EVA in a U.S. spacesuit.
		The two spent five hours executing a variety of tasks, including the retrieval of four experiment packages deployed on STS-76 when the shuttle was docked with Mir, as well as a test of the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER).
	spaceflight1.nasa.gov /history/shuttle-mir/people/to-p-t-parazynski.htm (424 words)

	Omniseek: /Health /First Aid
		Lift Aid Inc. Affordable Home Health Care Lift Devices.
		Affordable home health care lift device to aid the caregiver and gives the patient mobility throughout entire room.
		Cycle Aid was formed in 1989 by Solicitors who had a combined experience of personal injury...
	omniseek.com /search/search.html?%%bW9kZT1PbW5pc2VlayZ0aWQ9NzI3NTMmY... (401 words)

	sts064.htm
		SAFER (Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue - DTO-661) activities
		Both astronauts flew the SAFER unit & practiced rescue techniques.
		SAFER (Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue) - Mass: 83 lbs., SPIFEX (Shuttle Plue Impingement Flight Exp. - DTO-0830) - Mass: 772 lbs, ROMPS (Robotic Operated Materials Processing System), and TCS (Trajectory Control Sensor - DTO-0700-5)
	www.fortunecity.com /athena/velvet/1015/sts064.htm (446 words)

	NASAexplores 5-8 Article: A SAFER Way To Space Walk
		Space walks, or extravehicular activities (EVAs), are used to build the International Space Station (ISS).
		Astronauts performed many EVAs during the Apollo program, but most of that time was spent on the Moon.
		SAFER is a rare type of technology—the kind that is built hoping that it won’t be used.
	www.nasaexplores.nasa.gov /show2_5_8a.php?id=03-050&gl=58 (796 words)

	Nasaexplores
		To explore the thruster placements on the Simplified Aid for Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Rescue (SAFER).
		Students will be labeling a picture, so colored pencils may help in describing what they have drawn.
		Compare a jetpack used near the Earth to the SAFER jetpack used in space.
	www.nasaexplores.com /show_912_teacher_st.php?id=03070290852 (598 words)

	SAFER Patch
		The Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue (SAFER) is a is a "mini-jetpack" that attaches to the backpack of the space suit.
		It is worn by astronauts when conducting a spacewalk on the International Space Station.
		If an EVA astronaut accidentally becomes untethered and drifts away, he can activate SAFER and fly back to the space craft.
	www.countdowncreations.com /papgmsfr.htm (82 words)

	Phinney's Dull Little Work Place
		Project manager for the Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue (SAFER) project.
		Project manager for the Autonomous EVA Robotic Cameras (AERCam) Sprint, the Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue (SAFER) projects.
		Developed an extensive rule-based simulation testbed for robotic motion planners incorporating realistic simulation of multiple vision sensors including obscuration, detailed two and three dimensional representations of objects, and explicit constraints and flight rules.
	www.phinneysplace.com /PhinneyLMResume.html (841 words)

	ISS
		EVA handrails were fixed to the station exterior for use on later spacewalks.
		On the third STS-98 EVA the airlock was depressurized at 1443 GMT, with hatch open at around 1445 and battery power at 1448.
		Meanwhile the EVA crew moved the DCSU switching unit from a sidewall carrier on the port side of Endeavour's cargo bay to the ESP (External Stowage Platform) on Destiny, next to the PFCS (Pump Flow Control System) which was installed on the ESP on the previous mission.
	www.astronautix.com /project/iss.htm (15001 words)

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