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	Sinatra Doctrine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Sinatra Doctrine was the name that the Soviet government of Mikhail Gorbachev used jokingly to describe its policy of allowing neighboring Warsaw Pact nations to determine their own internal affairs.
		This was a major break with the earlier Brezhnev Doctrine, under which the internal affairs of satellite states were tightly controlled by Moscow.
		The proclamation of the "Sinatra Doctrine" had dramatic effects across the Soviet bloc.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sinatra_Doctrine (592 words)

	Brezhnev Doctrine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Implicit in this doctrine was that the leadership of the Soviet Union reserved, for itself, the right to define "socialism" and "capitalism".
		The doctrine was used to justify the invasions of Czechoslovakia that terminated the Prague Spring in 1968 and of the non-Warsaw Pact nation of Afghanistan in 1979.
		The Brezhnev Doctrine was superseded by the facetiously named Sinatra Doctrine in 1988.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Brezhnev_Doctrine (185 words)

	Foreign policy doctrine: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Drago Doctrine (Drago Doctrine: the drago doctrine was announced in 1902 by the argentinian minister of foreign affairs...
		Brezhnev Doctrine (Brezhnev Doctrine: the brezhnev doctrine was a soviet policy doctrine, introduced by leonid brezhnev in a speech...
		Sinatra Doctrine (Sinatra Doctrine: the sinatra doctrine was the name that the soviet government of mikhail gorbachev used...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/foreign_policy_doctrine (476 words)

	Sinatra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Sinatra, a couple of years shy of 80, could still make you believe he was a leathery old roustabout, scraping a living along the Maine coast, contemplating the birth of his first child.
		Sinatra used to sit on the bandstand behind Dorsey, wondering why the bandleader’s jacket never moved, as it surely would if he was taking even the slightest breath.
		Sinatra was adored by his Duets partners for that swagger and attitude - the way he wears his hat, to quote Ira Gershwin - but, alas for popular music, he had no one to pass the hat on to.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/911403/posts (3729 words)

	Brezhnev Doctrine: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Implicit in this doctrine was that the leadership of the Soviet Union reserved, for itself, the right to define "socialism" and "capitalism." This meant in practice that no country was allowed to leave the Warsaw Pact (Warsaw Pact: more facts about this subject) or to disturb that nation's communist party's monopoly on power.
		The doctrine was used to justify the invasions of Czechoslovakia (Czechoslovakia: A former republic in central Europe; divided into Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993) that terminated the Prague Spring (Prague Spring: the prague spring (czech, praské jaro) was a period of political liberalization...
		The Brezhnev Doctrine was superseded by the facetiously named Sinatra Doctrine (Sinatra Doctrine: the sinatra doctrine was the name that the soviet government of mikhail gorbachev used...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/brezhnev_doctrine (185 words)

	My Way (song) - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Written in 1968 and released on the album of the same name in 1969, the lyrics of "My Way" picture a dying man, facing the "final curtain," looking back in his life and deciding that he is satisfied with the way he lived it.
		Sinatra duetted the song with two performers before his death: Luciano Pavarotti (released on the album Sinatra 80th: Live In Concert) and Willie Nelson (recorded for the Duets series in the mid-1990s but not released until 2005 in the Collector's Edition Set).
		Gennadi Gerasimov, the spokesman for Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, coined the expression "the Sinatra Doctrine" in 1989 to refer to the Soviet government's decision that the USSR should no longer force other Warsaw Pact nations to do things its way: "We now have the Frank Sinatra doctrine.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/My_Way_(song) (600 words)

	PlanetPapers - Why did the Cold War End?
		The all new Sinatra Doctrine was also introduced by Gorbachev in 1989 renouncing the Brezhnev Doctrine.
		Sinatra Doctrine was named after Frank Sinatra’s song “My Way” because the purpose of this doctrine was to let the people in the Soviet republics go their own way.
		The Reagan Doctrine was created to summarize the goal of Reagan administration which was to support any anti-communist uprising wherever they may be.
	www.planetpapers.com /Assets/5661.php (2373 words)

	The Curtain Falls
		The country was for decades afterward characterised by the absence of democracy and relative economic backwardness compared to Western Europe (a characteristic of all of Soviet-occupied Europe, actually).
		The doctrine was also used to justify the invasion of Afghanistan 11 years later.
		The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan were also aspects of this policy that attempted to stop the spread of Soviet Communism.
	flatrock.org.nz /topics/history/sinatra_doctrine.htm (3057 words)

	PSCI 3163 midterm guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Brezhnev Doctrine made it clear that tensions were still present, and Carter responded defensively with the beginnings of a massive arms buildup.
		As articulated by the Truman Doctrine, the U.S. feels that its survival is linkied to the flourishing of freedom in the world.
		The Reagan Doctrine was a counter to the Brezhnev Doctrine, which was renounced by Gorbachev in the Sinatra Doctrine.
	www.sas.upenn.edu /~mlipson/3163midterm.html (2003 words)

	Post-Cold War Reconsiderations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The principal instrument of persuasion here was the Reagan Doctrine: a plan to turn the forces of nationalism against the gains the Soviet Union had made in recent years in the “third world,” and eventually against its sphere of influence in Eastern Europe itself.
		And with respect to Eastern Europe, it’s clear now from Soviet sources that the Reagan Doctrine was pushing against an open door: that the Brezhnev Doctrine, which it had been meant to challenge, had been little more than a bluff from the beginning.
		The final acknowledgement that the Brezhnev Doctrine was dead came shortly after Reagan had left office, when the year 1989 saw one Eastern European country after another throw out their Soviet-installed governments with no apparent objections, and certainly no resistance, from Moscow.
	www.frontpagemag.com /Articles/Printable.asp?ID=13780 (5215 words)

	THE POST-COLD WAR WORLD
		The Brezhnev Doctrine, under which Russia used force to prop up Communist rule in the Asocialist bloc," has been replaced by the charmingly named "Sinatra Doctrine," where every country can go its own way.
		The Soviets have consistently refused to intervene to prop up the Communist tyrannies in Eastern Europe, if anything, giving the rulers a nudge to quit before the people saw to it that they were forcibly removed.
		Instead, Gorby has unsuccessfully attempted to persuade the Lithuanians to stay in the U.S.S.R. So far, Gorbachev's stance contrasts admirably with the policy of the sainted Abraham Lincoln, who used massive force and mass murder to force the seceding Southern states to remain in the Union.
	www.lewrockwell.com /rothbard/ir/Ch23.html (1530 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| The Guardian \| Putin's way
		Vladimir Putin was in confident form yesterday when he gave his annual state of the nation address to the Russian people.
		He promised continued advances towards freedom and democracy, but, in a Slavic variation on the "Sinatra doctrine", insisted that Russia alone would decide how to do that.
		It may not be surprising that, viewed through the eyes of the former KGB officer in the Kremlin, the collapse of the Soviet Union still looks like what he called "the greatest geo-political catastrophe" of the 20th century.
	www.guardian.co.uk /leaders/story/0,3604,1470138,00.html (375 words)

	NATO Review - No 2 - April 1990
		Internal detent is the result of the de-mocratization within the East European countries and the replacement of the Brezhnev doctrine by the Sinatra doctrine.
		Eyskens, there is a need for a neo- or post-Harmel doctrine, in which security is not only based on a good defence and an active detente policy, but also on effective support for the transformation movement.
		I have already mentioned the demise of the Brezhnev doctrine: Gorbachev's initiatives in the areas of politics, economics and arms control have created an unprecedented opportunity to end the cold war but have also triggered very high expectations.
	www.nato.int /docu/review/1990/9002-04.htm (3540 words)

	English 1102H
		Dr. Baun went on to explain that the Breznev Doctrine, established by former Soviet premier Leonid Breznev, said that the Soviet Union could intervene anytime communism was threatened in the satellite nations.
		Following the Breznev Doctrine for many years had allowed the Soviet Union to maintain the Communist party’s power in the satellites for many years, intervening by force without reserve.
		However, when Gorbechev instituted the Sinatra Doctrine, Dr. Baun explained, the satellites were left alone in dealing with demands for change, however the satellites could.
	www.valdosta.edu /~raboyd/engl.1102.3.html (3047 words)

	RUS2103/HIS2351 From Gorbachev to Putin: The Second Russian Revolution
		The doctrine promulgated by Leonid Brezhnev in 1968 to justify the intervention of the Soviet bloc if one member of the bloc seemed to be turning to capitalism.
		It was formulated to justify the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968.
		The replacement doctrine for the Brezhnev doctrine, as described by Gorbachev's foreign minister Edward Shevardnadze.
	aix1.uottawa.ca /~jdclayt/rus2103_glossary.htm (626 words)

	Austrian Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The visual and acoustic repositories of this global culture have more and more been filled with messages from the imperial center to the accompaniment of the soundtrack of the 20th century, the Sound of Freedom (jazz, and all its derivatives).
		When the foreign policy spokesman of Michail Gorbachev, Gennadi Gerassimov, was asked about the validity of the Brezhnev Doctrine in the light of the crumbling Soviet Empire in 1990 everybody without and within the Iron Curtain understood him when he said: "The Brezhnev Doctrine is dead.
		In 1998, the question should be allowed whether anybody really won the Cold War-maybe not the most intelligent notion in the first place-when Russia just got a new prime minister, Sergei Kirijenko, who received his management training from the "church" of Scientology.
	www.austria.org /mar99/blue.html (2342 words)

	National Review: The joke's on them (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It was when Gennadi Gerasimov, spokesman for President Gorbachev, appeared on TV and, seeking to explain the Soviet Union's loosened grip on its Eastern European satellites, inaugurated an all-new Warsaw Pact: "The Brezhnev Doctrine is dead," he declared.
		So they sent their first and last Western-style spin doctor out before the cameras to do a one-liner about Ronald Reagan's old buddy Frank that could have come straight from the Gipper himself.
		Dan Quayle responded by noting the continued presence of Soviet troops in Warsaw Pact countries and urged Moscow to remember the Nancy Sinatra Doctrine: "These Boots Are Made for Walking." The Reds couldn't win on this turf.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1282/is_12_56/ai_n13648218 (328 words)

	How the East Was Won
		But in reality the liberation of Grenada was a historic event, because it signaled the end of the Brezhnev Doctrine and inaugurated a sequence Of events that brought down the Soviet empire itself.
		Then there was the Reagan Doctrine, which involved military and material support for indigenous resistance movements struggling to overthrow Soviet-sponsored tyrannies.
		The Pershing and Tomahawk deployments were, to the Soviets, an unnerving demonstration of the unity and resolve Of the Western alliance.
	eightiesclub.tripod.com /id382.htm (3585 words)

	The Collapse of the Soviet Union
		In February 1988, Gorbachev announced the withdrawal of Soviet forces from Afghanistan, which was completed the following year.
		Also during 1988, Gorbachev announced that the Soviet Union would abandon the Brezhnev Doctrine, and allow the Warsaw Pact nations to determine their own internal affairs.
		This led to the string of revolutions in Eastern Europe throughout 1989 in which communism collapsed.
	allfreeessays.com /student/The_Collapse_of_the_Soviet_Union.html (948 words)

	Harvard International Review: Soldiers of Fortune 500
		Its list of operations includes teaching tactics to the Kosovo Liberation Army in the weeks before the North Atlantic Treaty Organization bombing campaign in 1999.
		In the sense that it gave these forces a competence in Western military doctrine, MPRI succeeded.
		Yet, MPRI’s collaboration with the Colombian military in the drug war became a case study in PMC mismanagement.
	www.harvardir.org /articles/?id=942&page=2 (842 words)

	[No title]
		The WW II coalition between the United States and the Soviet Union was beset with difficulties that were not properly addressed at the time, and with the defeat of Hitler, both countries drifted into uncharted waters of Cold War.
		Nixon's Vietnamization, part of a larger strategy known as the Nixon Doctrine, and his willingness to use massive force eventually allowed an American withdrawal, but the Western alliance was hopelessly split.
		Explain what the Sinatra Doctrine was and show its results in Eastern Europe.
	www.austincc.edu /rebhist/CWLO.html (2002 words)

	[No title]
		In the late '88, in December '88, he announced his first, this is when he first speaks about the Sinatra Doctrine, what was later re-named the Sinatra Doctrine, which it basically is, he accepts that there are many different roads to socialism, and the Soviet Union will tolerate the self-determination of the socialist countries.
		When you enumerated signals, you did not mention such important ones as the change of military doctrine of the Warsaw Pact in 1987-88, and the dismantling of the Iron Curtain by Miklos Németh in May-June 1989.
		The most important meeting of the Warsaw Pact was in, I think in August 1989 in Bucharest, when before the eyes of Ceausescu, Gorbachev declared that the socialist countries can choose their own path of development.
	www.umich.edu /~iinet/PolishRoundTable/rtsession4.html (12074 words)

	Learn more about Perestroika in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Negotiate with the United States about arms reductions.
		Cease interfering in other communist countries (The Sinatra Doctrine).
		In contrast to economic reforms in China, perestroika is widely regarded to have failed in its original goal of restructuring the Soviet economy.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /p/pe/perestroika.html (315 words)

	The World Turned Right Side Up by Timothy Garton Ash (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In relation to the Soviet Union’s external empire, in what was then usually called Eastern Europe, Soviet Foreign Ministry spokesman Gennady Gerasimov had wittily enunciated a replacement for the old Brezhnev Doctrine.
		He called it the Sinatra Doctrine, slightly misquoting the old crooner: "You do it your way," he said.
		The Gorbachev leadership, however, still thought the Sinatra Doctrine could be applied to the extended empire but denied to the internal empire—that is, to the constituent parts of the Soviet Union itself.
	www.hooverdigest.org /001/ash.html (3185 words)

	FT.com / Technology / Digital Business - Irish health services executive: End to Sinatra doctrine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Irish health services executive: End to Sinatra doctrine
		Even in the same hospital, there was often a hotch-potch of incompatible systems, the result of years of fragmented funding and a lack of decentralised decision-making.
		As in the Frank Sinatra song, everyone had done it their way.
	news.ft.com /cms/s/cea94f90-34ce-11da-9e12-00000e2511c8,dwp_uuid=ff53d950-34e5-11da-9e12-00000e2511c8.html (622 words)

	DAWN - Opinion; May 3, 2005
		This system would allow the US to strike, from its own territory, either in support of its conventional forces, engaged in a war theatre, or in punitive action directed against countries which do not comply with Washington’ s economic and political diktats.
		According to the Bush administration’s pre-emptive doctrine, nuclear weapons are no longer a weapon of last resort, as was the case during the cold war era.
		However, to justify pre-emptive military actions, ostensibly in self-defence, which is permissible under Article 51 of the UN Charter, Washington required the fabrication of a threat of nuclear terrorist attack on it by an external enemy.
	www.dawn.com /2005/05/03/op.htm (4987 words)

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