Single non-transferable vote

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Topic: Single non-transferable vote

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	Single Transferable Vote - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		STV systems achieve this by initially allocating an individual's vote to their most preferred candidate and then subsequently transferring unneeded or unused votes after candidates are either elected or eliminated according to the voter's stated preferences.
		In STV elections to the Australian Senate, states with vastly different populations have the same number of seats, and so while the results for individual states are proportional, the nationwide result is not, giving greater voting power to individual voters in less populated states.
		This is 4/20, or 20% of all the votes cast.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Single_Transferable_Vote (4889 words)

	ALTERNATIVE VOTING SYSTEMS
		STV is nonmonotonic, which means that a candidate can be hurt when raised in the rankings of some voters, and additional-member systems may make it advantageous for parties to throw elections in districts without a strategyproofness constraint, whose satisfaction impedes proportional representation.
		A rational voter will vote for a second choice if his or her first choice appears to be a long shot--as indicated, for example, by the polls--but the voter's calculus and its effects on outcomes is not yet well understood for either approval voting or the other procedures discussed herein (Nurmi, l987; Merrill, l988).
		If each voter has six votes to cast for as many as six candidates, and if each of the l00 voters in the minority casts three votes each for only two candidates, these voters can ensure the election of these two candidates no matter what the 200 voters in the majority do.
	bcn.boulder.co.us /government/approvalvote/altvote.html (6123 words)

	CBC - British Columbia Votes 2005 - Features -
		That means 75 per cent of the people in the district did not vote for this candidate, but he or she was elected anyway because the opposition was divided among other candidates.
		To win a seat, a candidate would have to attract a minimum number of votes – called an Electoral Quota – which is based on the number of votes cast and the number of candidates to be elected from a riding.
		All of the votes for that person are distributed to the #2 preference on each ballot.
	www.cbc.ca /bcvotes2005/features/stv.html (525 words)

	Electoral Reform Society
		If the voter's first choice candidate does not need their vote, either because he or she is elected without it, or because he or she has too few votes to be elected, then the vote is transferred to the voter's second choice candidate, and so on.
		All the votes are counted and each party receives seats in the constituency in the same proportion as the votes it won in that constituency.
		There is no evidence in Britain that local casework-based candidates poll better than national names, often voters like to be represented by national names who may have little day to day contact with the constituency.
	www.electoral-reform.org.uk /votingsystems/systems3.htm (1347 words)

	Fractional Single Transferable Vote
		For each such candidate, his surplus shall be divided by his vote total, and the value of each of his transferable ballots shall be multiplied by the result of that division.
		If his vote total exceeds a quota then he has a "surplus", and his surplus is the amount by which his vote total exceeds the quota.
		To "transfer" a ballot is to assign it to its highest-ranked continuing candidate.
	www.barnsdle.demon.co.uk /vote/fracSTV.html (528 words)

	Single transferable Vote
		After the total number of first-preference votes are counted, the count then begins by establishing the "quota" of votes required for the election of a single candidate.
		STV uses multi-member districts, with voters ranking candidates in order of preference on the ballot paper in the same manner as the Alternative Vote (see Alternative Vote).
		If a candidate had 100 votes, for example, and their surplus was ten votes, then each ballot paper would be redistributed at the value of 1/10th of a vote.
	www.amipp.org.uk /elect/stv.html (513 words)

	Citizens' Assembly on Electoral Reform - single transferable vote (STV)
		Proportional representation by the single transferable vote method is based on the idea that the range of opinion in the community should be mirrored in the composition of the representative assembly.
		Single transferable vote (STV) systems are one of two families of proportional representation.
		Citizens' Assembly on Electoral Reform- single transferable vote (STV)
	www.citizensassembly.bc.ca /public/learning_resources/glossary/2003/csharman-10_0312241131-047 (216 words)

	Single non-transferable vote - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Single Non-Transferable Vote or SNTV is an electoral system used in multi-member constituency elections.
		Thus, in a four seat constituency, the four candidates receiving the largest numbers of votes individually would win office.
		In any particular legislative constituency election, each voter casts one vote for one candidate in a multi-candidate race for multiple legislative seats.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Single_non-transferable_vote (595 words)

	The Department of Internal Affairs: STV Information - STV Information
		People who voted in those elections will remember that voting papers for their local authority, regional council and District Health Board all looked the same and all the papers required voters to tick one candidate for each vacancy.
		, so voters will have some voting papers that do not look like
		(STV was used for elections to the Christchurch City Council in 1917, 1929, 1931 and 1933, and for Woolston Borough Council in 1917 and 1919.
	www.dia.govt.nz /diawebsite.nsf/wpg_URL/Resource-material-STV-Information-Index?OpenDocument (838 words)

	Single Transferable Vote in B.C.
		A party's candidates may sometimes win enough votes to expect two seats but fail to get them because too many votes go to one candidate and the second is eliminated before those votes can be transferred, or finishes as runner-up when the first candidate has votes to spare.
		I became opposed to STV but believe that the info gathered here may be of value to anyone wanting to understand the options to be voted on in 2008.
		After this distribution, if there are still seats to be filled, then the candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated and his or her votes go to the second choice on the ballots.
	community.netidea.com /ccbc/singletransferablevote.htm (7403 words)

	Electoral Methods: Single Winner
		A voter can vote for as many alternatives as he or she wishes.
		Start by giving one point for each first preference vote, then add 1 for every second and so on until a winner can be declared.
		If one candidate has a majority of first-place votes, it is the winner.
	condorcet.org /emr/methods.shtml (876 words)

	Single Transferable Vote Software
		The goal of the project is to provide implementations of all well-established rules for the single transferable vote.
		British Columbia STV is a straightforward inplementation of fractional transfer STV.
		The rules are a straightforward implementation of random transfer STV.
	stv.sourceforge.net (641 words)

	Single Transferable Vote
		If no candidate receives more than half of the votes, the ballots that were cast for the LAST-place candidate are re-assigned to their second choices, and that candidate is eliminated from the list of possible winners.
		In this case, Boston Cream came through with 12 first-choice votes, enough to capture the majority on the first assignment of votes so no transfers were needed.
		However, if it had received only 11 votes, transfers would have put a couple of other doughnuts into strong contention.
	www.miquon.org /Lynn/votes_stv.html (277 words)

	Citizens' Assembly on Electoral Reform - BC-STV and the single transferable vote
		Citizens' Assembly on Electoral Reform- BC-STV and the single transferable vote
		BC-STV stands for British Columbia single-transferable vote system.
		To ensure that everyone's votes count toward electing a candidate, there are a variety of ways to transfer of these surplus votes in a fair and repeatable method.
	www.citizensassembly.bc.ca /public/extra/stv_resources.xml (710 words)

	Axioms and STV (the Single Transferable Vote)
		"AV", "STV" is an acronym for the Single Transferable Vote.
		not the candidates of all preferences in the election but just those named in the before and after cases where the perturbing of votes is done by the rule.
		The United Nation's International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/a_ccpr.htm speaks of a right for "everyone" to have an equal vote in national elections.
	www.ijs.co.nz /ifpp.htm (9767 words)

	The Single Transferable Vote
		The Single Transferable Vote is a system of proportional representation that allows voters to vote for individual candidates (as opposed to party lists) in order of preference.
		Voters rank the candidates in order of preference; first preference votes are the first to be looked at, and the votes are then transferred if necessary from candidates who have either been comfortably elected or who have done so badly that they are eliminated from the election.
		Jim Riley's analysis of votes and seats in the 1998 Assembly election
	www.ark.ac.uk /elections/gstv.htm (315 words)

	Single Transferable Vote
		The vote counting is more complex and that's why a special computer programme has been developed.
		In an STV election, candidates must reach a certain number of votes to get elected.
		How to vote using STV How candidates are elected How votes are counted How results are reported
	www.stv.govt.nz (131 words)

	Learn more about Voting system in the online encyclopedia.
		A voting system may select only one option, in which case it is called a "single winner system", or it may select multiple options, for example to fill a parliament.
		In range voting, voters assign numeric ratings to each option.
		In voting systems that allow "plumping", like cumulative voting, voters may vote for the same candidate multiple times.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /v/vo/voting_system.html (801 words)

	IRV Fairer
		Voters have every incentive to vote for their favorite candidate rather than the "lesser of two evils" because their ballot can still count toward a winner if their first choice loses.
		Most U.S. elections are held under plurality voting rules in which the candidate with the most votes wins.
		Bill Clinton ends up with 52 percent of the overall vote, a clear majority, and is declared the winner.
	www.fairvote.org /irv/a_fairer_way.htm (530 words)

	Home - Yes for BC-STV
		In nearly every riding, an overwhelming number of voters have supported changing BC's electoral system to the Single Transferable Vote as recommended by the Citizens' Assembly on Electoral Reform.
		While we promise to give back some of your weekends and evenings, you are still invited to join us in ensuring that our newly elected MLAs and government respect the democratic will of British Columbians, who voted 57.4% in favour, and which succeeded in passing it in 97% of the ridings.
		"A clear majority of British Columbians have voted for change, and we will be calling upon the government to implement that change in time for the 2009 election", they added.
	stvforbc.com (433 words)

	Single Transferable Vote hand count
		There are various ways of doing Single Transferable Vote.
		If the ballots are stacked, then flip a coin to determine whether or not to turn the stack over before beginning to draw from it.
		Though this random step really bothers some people, this stv count method is still incomparably better than no PR, and it gives both of us (in the above example) an equal chance of helping our 2nd choice.
	www.barnsdle.demon.co.uk /vote/minSTV.html (421 words)

	Referendum Information Office - Electoral Systems: First Past the Post and BC-STV
		The proposed BC-STV is a form of the Single Transferable Vote model.
		An electoral quota is calculated to determine how many votes are needed to win in each district, and a process of transferring voters' second, third, and further choices is used to determine who gets elected.
		Under this system, there is one elected member for each electoral district, and voters vote for one candidate only.
	www.gov.bc.ca /referendum_info/popt/electoral_systems_first_past_the_post_and_bc_stv.htm (402 words)

	Single - Single Volunteers, Inc.
		Single Parents Association (SPA) is a Arizona nonprofit organization devoted to providing single parent families educational opportunities and FUN,
		Scottish Council for Single Homeless is the national membership body for organisations and individuals tackling homelessness in Scotland.
		A way for single folks to meet other singles and volunteer their talents to worthy organizations.
	seekinfo.org /?q=single (389 words)

	Single
		Single sign-on reduces human error, a major component of systems failure and is therefore highly desirable but difficult to implement.
		For many developers this may be the single most difficult aspect of free software project management, but it is an essential one.
		Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are common DNA sequence variations among individuals.
	single.sitesbest.com (583 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Politics: Campaigns and Elections: Voting Systems: Single Transferable Vote
		Single Transferable Vote Software - Open source software for implementing instant runoff voting and the single transferable vote.
		Instant Runoff Mailing List - A national discussion for advocates of Instant Runoff Voting/Single Transferable Vote
		STV Tally Analogy - Concise, visual description of Single Transferrable Vote with explanatory diagrams
	dmoz.org /Society/Politics/Campaigns_and_Elections/Voting_Systems/Single_Transferable_Vote (242 words)

	Single Transferable Vote dedicated page
		Extra voting power proportional to votes won by Hugh Warren
		Elections in Malta: STV in action 1921 - 1998
	www.students.tut.fi /~nipo/stv.html (19 words)

	5. BALLOTS OF "BLACK AND GOLD" Part 2
		The SNTV system gets still more obtuse because voters are asked by their parties to vote for specific candidates, when there may be perhaps 2 to 5 members from the same party on a single ballot.
		In that system, a voter votes once for an individual candidate (on the first list)--half the seats in the legislature--and once for a party (on the second list), the other half of the legislative seats.
		Compare that system to SNTV where each Taiwanese voter also gets one vote, but several legislators are elected from each multi-member district.
	www.scanews.com /collester/article5/article5.html (922 words)

	Single Non-transferable Vote - Electoral Reform
		Single Non-transferable vote (SNTV) is a multi-position voting system in which each voter casts one vote and the n candidates with the most votes are elected.
		Ties are usually broken by a fair random method.
	electoralreform.wikicities.com /wiki/Single_Non-transferable_Vote (73 words)

	Single Non-Transferable Vote - Disadvantages
		On the negative side, the Single Non Transferable Vote (SNTV), as a semi-PR system, is still not able to guarantee that the overall parliamentary results will be proportional.
		Small parties with say around ten percent support, whose votes are widely dispersed, may not win any seats, and larger parties can receive a substantial "seat bonus" which propels a national plurality of the vote into an absolute parliamentary majority.
		Furthermore, the fact that multiple candidates of the same party are competing for the same votes means that internal party fragmentation and discord can be accentuated, and that "clientelistic" politics, where politicians offer subtle electoral bribes to groups of defined voters, is exaggerated.
	www.aceproject.org /main/english/es/ese03b (300 words)

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