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Topic: Sinus arrest

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	Carotid sinus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In human anatomy, the carotid sinus is a localized dilation of the internal carotid artery at its origin, the common carotid artery bifurcation.
		Massage of the carotid sinus, carotid sinus massage is used to diagnose carotid sinus syncope and is sometimes useful for differentiating supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) from ventricular tachycardia.
		Carotid sinus reflex death is a disputed mechanism of death in which manual stimulation of the carotid sinus allegedly causes strong vagus nerve impulses leading to terminal cardiac arrest.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carotid_sinus (407 words)

	Sick sinus syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sick sinus syndrome, also called Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome is a group of abnormal heartbeats (arrhythmias) presumably caused by a malfunction of the sinus node, the heart's "natural" pacemaker.
		Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome is a variant of sick sinus syndrome where atrial flutter and fibrillation alternate with prolonged periods of asystole.
		Sick sinus syndrome is a relatively uncommon syndrome.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sick_sinus_syndrome (394 words)

	Follow-Up
		Sinus arrest is caused either by a dying sinus node ("Sick Sinus Syndrome") or markedly increased vagal tone.
		Because the dog was having frequent and long periods of sinus arrest and because he was showing clinical signs compatible with weakness caused by cessation of blood flow (i.e., stumbling in the caudal limbs), pacemaker implantation is warranted at this time.
		To further document that the sinus node was not functioning properly, the heart was paced for several minutes at a rate greater than the dog's own inherent rate and then the temporary generator was turned off and the sinus node recovery time (time from last paced beat to first sinus node depolarization) was measured.
	www.vmth.ucdavis.edu /Cardio/cases/case14/followup.htm (752 words)

	Sick Sinus Syndrome
		Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is a type of bradycardia in which the sinoatrial (SA), or sinus node is not working as it should.
		Sinus arrest is when the signal from the SA node has a pause in it's normal pacemaker activity.
		Sinus "pauses," or gaps between signals from the SA node, that indicate the heart is not being paced at the normal, steady rate.
	www.hrspatients.org /patients/heart_disorders/sick_sinus/default.asp (876 words)

	Diagnosis and treatment of sick sinus syndrome American Family Physician - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Sick sinus syndrome is a generalized abnormality of cardiac impulse formation that may be caused by an intrinsic disease of the sinus node that makes it unable to perform its pacemaking function, or by extrinsic causes.
		Coronary artery disease may coexist with sick sinus syndrome in a significant number of patients, although it is not considered a major cause of the syndrome.
		The sinus bradycardia that occurs in patients with sick sinus syndrome is inappropriate and not caused by medications.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_8_67/ai_100572096 (794 words)

	eMedicine - Sinus Bradycardia : Article Excerpt by: Mark Livingston, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The action potential responsible for this rhythm arises from the sinus node and causes a P wave on the surface ECG that is normal in terms of both amplitude and vector.
		Sinus bradycardia may also be caused by the sick sinus syndrome, which involves a dysfunction in the ability of the sinus node to generate or transmit an action potential to the atria.
		Mortality/Morbidity: Sequelae of sinus bradycardia are related to its underlying etiology.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/byname/sinus-bradycardia.htm (778 words)

	Rhythms and Arrhytmias
		Sinus tachycardia is usually caused by factors relating to an increase in sympathetic tone.
		Sinus bradycardia is common among all age groups and is present in both normal and diseased hearts.
		This dysrhythmia is due to an irregularity in sinus node discharge, often in association with phases of the respiratory cycle.
	www.rcsed.ac.uk /fellows/bcpaterson/rhythms_and_arrhytmias.htm (2852 words)

	Helping a friend - HealingWell.com Forum
		Sinus arrhythmia is defined as a slight variation in cycling of the sinus rhythm, usually one that exceeds 0.12 seconds between the longest and shortest cycles.
		Sinus bradycardia may also be a complication of myocardial disease in which the SA node is damaged by scarring or infiltrative processes associated with aging as part of a degenerative conduction system process.
		Sinus arrest is an uncommon rhythm disturbance, but is occasionally noted in elderly patients, in those with ischemic heart disease (particularly with acute inferior or true posterior MI), in some patients with myocardial disease, and sometimes with digitalis toxicity.
	www.healingwell.com /community/default.aspx?f=42&m=238131 (2085 words)

	KCVI Home
		If the patient is in sinus rhythm, the rate of this rhythm tends to be about the same as the rate of the sinus rhythm.
		sinus arrest or sinus bradycardia with junctional rhythm or Idioventricular rhythm.
		Disorder of the sinus node and atrium with sinus bradycardia, SA-block and paroxysmal tachycardia of the atrium.
	kcvi.org /Education/glossary.htm (5299 words)

	Sick sinus syndrome - Detroit, Michigan
		Sick sinus syndrome is a group of abnormal heartbeats (arrhythmias) presumably caused by a malfunction of the sinus node, the heart´s "natural" pacemaker.
		Sick sinus syndrome is more common in elderly adults, where the cause is often a non-specific, scar-like degeneration of the conduction system.
		An EPS (intracardiac electrophysiology study) may confirm that the arrhythmia is caused by a disorder of the sinus node.
	www.henryfordhealth.org /136298.cfm (529 words)

	Sinus Arrest / Sinus Block (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The sinus node Mis to function for a prolonged period.
		In sinus block, me sinus node functions, hut the impulse is not conducted to the ventricles.
		In sinus arrest, there are no P waves; QRS waves will present only if an escape pacemaker has taken over.
	rnbob.tripod.com /sinusarrestsinusblock.htm (71 words)

	Carotid sinus syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In carotid sinus syndrome (CSS), stimulation of one or both of the hypersensitive carotid sinuses at the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries produces brief episodes of faintness or loss of consciousness.
		Clinical characteristics of vasopressor, cardioinhibitory, and mixed carotid sinus syndrome in the elderly.
		Carotid sinus syndrome: acute hemodynamic evaluation of a dual chamber pacing mode.
	www.5mcc.com /Assets/SUMMARY/TP0163.html (171 words)

	Re: bradycardia & pacemakers
		The blood supply to the SAN is from the sinus node artery which arises from the proximal right coronary artery (RCA) in 55% of the population (Fig 1) and from the circumflex artery (CXA) in 35%.
		Sinus node dysfunction (SND) is a term that encompasses any dysfunction of the sinus node and includes inappropriate sinus bradycardia, sinoatrial exit block, sinoatrial arrest and tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome.
		Sinoatrial exit block is similar to sinus arrest on the ECG tracing but may be distinguished from sinus arrest by the fact that the duration of the pause is a multiple of the sinus P-P interval.
	www.medhelp.org /forums/cardio/archive/2294.html (4574 words)

	Sick sinus syndrome (Disease)... Fort Lauderdale, Florida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		It can be manifested by many arrhythmias, including sinus arrest, sinus bradycardia (slow heart rate), sinus node exit block, and other similar bradycardias.
		Tachycardias of sick sinus syndrome are characterized by a long pause following the ending of the tachycardia.
		The diagnosis of sick sinus syndrome includes a history of symptoms that occur only during episodes of arrhythmia.
	www.browardhealth.org /18437.cfm (555 words)

	Electrocardiography - The Merck Veterinary Manual
		Sinus arrhythmia occurs as a result of irregular discharge of the sinus node.
		Sinus arrest is the failure of the SA node to discharge for a short period of time, resulting in a pause between complexes on the ECG (typically accepted as a pause exceeding twice the normal RR interval).
		Conversion to a sinus rhythm with quinidine at a dosage of 22 mg/kg, PO, every 2 hr is sometimes attempted in horses and is often followed by a return to successful performance in racing animals.
	www.merckvetmanual.com /mvm/htm/bc/11205.htm (2111 words)

	Welcome to Sinus Rhythm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The rate of spontaneous depolarization is greater in tissue that is superiorly or cranially positioned (the sinus node or atria), slower for the AV node or junction and slowest for ventricular tissue (bundle branches, Purkinje network or myocardial cells).
		There is a sinus pause since no P wave occurs at the expected time and is interrupted by a junctional escape beat.
		Etiology: Sick sinus syndrome and AV block may be congenital in origin or acquired.
	www.lhsc.on.ca /uwodoc/pages/srvb.htm (1984 words)

	Sick sinus syndrome
		Sick sinus syndrome usually occurs in people older than 50, where the cause is often a non-specific, scar-like degeneration of the heart's conduction system.
		In children, a common cause of sick sinus syndrome is heart surgery, especially to the atria (upper chambers).
		Coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, and aortic and mitral valve diseases may be associated with sick sinus syndrome, although those diseases may have nothing to do with the syndrome.
	www.healthscout.com /ency/1/000161.html (315 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 16, Ch. 205, Arrhythmias
		Sick sinus syndrome includes persistent sinus bradycardia, sinoatrial block manifested as sinoatrial Wenckebach, complete sinoatrial block, and sinus arrest (sinus impulse fails to activate the atria).
		Sick sinus syndrome is considered to be an intrinsic defect of the sinus node.
		Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome is an important variant of sick sinus syndrome, in which atrial flutter and fibrillation alternate with prolonged asystolic periods.
	www.merck.com /pubs/mmanual/section16/chapter205/205o.htm (257 words)

	Sinus Arrest Defined (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In addition, no P waves are apparent and usually a ventricular or junctional escape beat follows.
		Sinus arrest is frequently caused by high parasympathetic tone due to one or many factors, such as surgical stimulation, impingement upon the vagus nerve (neoplasia), respiratory disease (frequently seen in brachycephalic breed dogs), drug toxicity, or electrolyte imbalance.
		Disease of the sinus node itself, "sick sinus", can also occur and result in periods of sinus arrest progressing to complete inactivity.
	cal.vet.upenn.edu /anestecg/Basics/Rhythm/sinusarr.htm (112 words)

	Acute thrombosis of the sinus node artery: arrhythmological implications -- Ando’ et al. 89 (2): 5 -- Heart
		Acute thrombosis of the sinus node artery: arrhythmological implications
		Sinus node deceleration during exercise as a marker of significant narrowing of the right coronary artery.
		Sinus node artery occlusion for treatment of chronic nonparoxysmal sinus tachycardia.
	heart.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/89/2/e5 (1085 words)

	ABC of clinical electrocardiography: Bradycardias and atrioventricular conduction block -- Da Costa et al. 324 (7336): ...
		Sinus bradycardia is common in normal individuals during sleep and in those with high vagal tone, such as athletes and young
		The commonest pathological cause of sinus bradycardia is acute myocardial infarction.
		Sick sinus syndrome is the result of dysfunction of the sinoatrial node, with impairment of its ability to generate and conduct
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/324/7336/535 (1305 words)

	Sick Sinus Syndrome - Patient UK
		Presentation Abnormalities in sick sinus syndrome include sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest or exit block, combinations of sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodal conduction disturbances, and atrial tachyarrhythmias.
		Symptoms associated with sick sinus syndrome may be aggravated by digoxin, verapamil, beta blockers, sympatholytic agents such as clonidine and methyldopa, and antiarrhythmic agents.
		Patients with sick sinus syndrome who have bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome or chronic atrial fibrillation are at risk for embolic stroke.
	www.patient.co.uk /showdoc/40001963 (804 words)

	EKG Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Sinus Arrest is where there is no conduction through the SA node, the result is a minimum of 3 seconds.
		P Wave is not present during sinus arrest.
		QRS Complex is usually normal for the intrinsic rhythm and absent during the sinus arrest.
	www.ce5.com /ekg300.htm (460 words)

	Sick sinus syndrome - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Dysfunction of the sinoatrial node manifested by persistent sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, sinoatrial exit block, chronic atrial fibrillation and inability of the heart to resume sinus rhythm following cardioversion for atrial fibrillation.
		Detailed information about the causes of Sick sinus syndrome including medication causes and drug interaction causes can be found in our causes pages.
		With a diagnosis of Sick sinus syndrome, it is also important to consider whether there is an underlying condition causing Sick sinus syndrome.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /s/sick_sinus_syndrome/intro.htm (664 words)

	The Role of Muscarinic K+ Channels in the Negative Chronotropic Effect of a Muscarinic Agonist -- Yamada 300 (2): 681 ...
		A, relationship between the sinus rate and concentrations of CCh in the absence (circles) and the presence of 100 nM (triangles) or 300 nM (squares) of tertiapin.
		The tertiapin-sensitive component was calculated by subtracting the percentage of the sinus rate in the presence of tertiapin from that in the absence of tertiapin.
		Hutter OF and Trautwein W (1956) Vagal and sympathetic effects on the pacemaker fibers in the sinus venosus of the heart.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/300/2/681 (4073 words)

	UpToDate ECG tutorial: Atrial and atrioventricular nodal (supraventricular) arrhythmias
		The rate of the atrial rhythm is slower than that of the sinus node and the P wave morphology differs from that of the sinus P wave.
		This may result from sinus node failure and the development of an escape atrial rhythm (generally at a rate of 30 to 60 beats per minute).
		This is often referred to as a "coronary sinus rhythm." The QRS complexes of an atrial tachycardia resemble those seen during sinus rhythm since myocardial activation is via the His Purkinje system.
	patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=electuto/5285 (644 words)

	Sick Sinus Syndrome - A Great Resource of Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Sick Sinus Syndrome Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is a type of bradycardia in which the sinoatrial node (the heartÄôs natural pacemaker) is not functioning as it should.
		sick sinus syndrome Sick sinus syndrome is characterized by heart sinus arrest, sinus exit block, or persistent sinus bradycardia.
		Sick sinus syndrome - a disturbance of SA nodal function that results in a markedly variable rhythm (cycles of bradycardia and tachycardia).
	www.nosespraysites.com /sicksinussyndrome (1623 words)

	[No title]
		An excessive mortality or non-fatal cardiac arrest rate was seen in patients treated with TAMBOCOR compared with that seen in patients assigned to a carefully matched placebo-treated group.
		Clinically significant conduction changes have been observed at these rates: sinus node dysfunction such as sinus pause, sinus arrest and symptomatic bradycardia (1.2%), second-degree AV block (0.5%) and third-degree AV block (0.4%).
		TAMBOCOR should be used only with extreme caution in patients with sick sinus syndrome because it may cause sinus bradycardia, sinus pause, or sinus arrest.
	www.best-meds.com /druginfo/tambocor_warnings.htm (2112 words)

	eMedicine - Sinus Bradycardia : Article by Mark Livingston, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Less commonly, the sinus node may be affected as a result of diphtheria, rheumatic fever, or viral myocarditis.
		In patients with sinus bradycardia secondary to therapeutic use of digitalis, beta-blockers, or calcium channel blockers, simple discontinuation of the drug, along with monitored observation, are often all that is necessary.
		Patients with sick sinus syndrome may convert to atrial fibrillation, a rhythm that is amenable to medical therapy and may eliminate the need for pacemaker placement.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic534.htm (2043 words)

	Sinus Arrest
		The length of the pause is not a multiple of the sinus interval.
		If the cause is due to increased vagal tone and the patient is symptomatic, atropine may be indicated.
		Atropine should never be used to treat sinus arrest.
	www.rnceus.com /ekg/ekgsar.html (71 words)

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