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	Sir Frederick Lugard. Who is Sir Frederick Lugard? What is Sir Frederick Lugard? Where is Sir Frederick Lugard? ...
		Sir Frederick John Dealtry Lugard (January 22, 1858 - 1945) was a British soldier, African explorer and colonial administrator.
		In 1894 Lugard was despatched by the Royal Niger Company to Borgu, where, distancing his French and German rivals in a country up to then unvisited by any Europeans, he secured treaties with the kings and chiefs acknowledging the sovereignty of the British company.
		Sir Frederick (then Captain) Lugard published in 1893 The Rise of our East African Empire (partly auto-biographical), and was the author of various valuable reports on Northern Nigeria issued by the Colonial Office.
	www.knowledgerush.com /kr/encyclopedia/Sir_Frederick_Lugard (754 words)

	Frederick Lugard - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sir Frederick John Dealtry Lugard (Chinese Translated Name 盧押, or more rarely, 盧嘉) (January 22, 1858 - 1945), Baron Lugard of Abinger, (often referred to as Lord Lugard) was a British soldier, explorer of Africa and colonial administrator, who was Governor of Hong Kong.
		In 1894, Lugard was despatched by the Royal Niger Company to Borgu, where he secured treaties with the kings and chiefs acknowledging the sovereignty of the British company, while distancing the other colonial powers that were there.
		Throughout his tenure, Lugard sought strenuously to secure the amelioration of the condition of the native people, among other means by the exclusion, wherever possible, of alcoholic liquors, and by the suppression of slave raiding and slavery.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Frederick_Lugard (843 words)

	Encyclopedia: Frederick Lugard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Sir Frederick John Dealtry Lugard (January 22, 1858 - 1945), Baron Lugard of Abinger, (often referred to as Lord Lugard) was a British soldier, African explorer and colonial administrator.
		Sir Henry Morton Stanley (January 29, 1841-May 10, 1904) was a 19th century Welsh-born journalist and explorer famous for his exploration of Africa and his search for David Livingstone.
		Sir Matthew Nathan (1862 - 1939) was a British soldier and civil servant.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Frederick-Lugard (2110 words)

	SIR FREDERICK JOHN DEALTRY LUGARD - LoveToKnow Article on SIR FREDERICK JOHN DEALTRY LUGARD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Lugard, was born on the 22nd of January 1858.
		In 1903 a successful campaign against the emir of Kano and the sultan of Sokoto rendered the extension of British control over the whole protectorate possible, and when in September 1906 he resigned his commissionership, the whole country was being peacefully administered under the supervision of British residents (see NIGERIA).
		Throughout his African administrations Lugard sought strenuously to secure the amelioration of the condition of the native races, among other means by the exclusion, wherever possible, of alcoholic liquors, and by the suppression of slave raiding and slavery.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /L/LU/LUGARD_SIR_FREDERICK_JOHN_DEALTRY.htm (654 words)

	Frederick Lugard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Frederick Lugard, one of the architects of the British imperial order, was convinced that Africans understood force and force alone; he...
		Lugard fue gobernador de Nigeria entre 1912 y 1919, logrando administrar las diversas regiones de ese país bajo una sola unidad.Su principal aporte fue la creación de la llamada doctrina de "administración indirecta" que Reino Unido empleó en la mayoría de sus colonias africanas.
		Lugard and the amalgamation of Nigeria: A documentary record; being a reprint of the Report by Sir F. Lugard on the a...
	enciclopedia.cc /Frederick_Lugard (425 words)

	SIR HENRY HAMILTON JOHNSTON - LoveToKnow Article on SIR HENRY HAMILTON JOHNSTON (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In the spring of 1889 he was sent to Lisbon to negotiate an arrangement for the delimitation of the British and Portuguese spheres of influence in South-East Africa, but the scheme drawn up, though very like the later arrangement of those regions, was not given effect to at the time.
		A truee was arranged with the Arabs on Lake Nyasa, and within twelve months the British flag, by agreement with the natives, had been hoisted over a very large region which extended north of Lake Tanganyika to the vicinity of Uganda, to Katanga in the Congo Free State, the Shire Highlands and the central Zambezi.
		In the autumn of 1899 Sir Harry Johnston was despatched to Uganda as special commissioner to reorganize the administration of that protectorate after the suppression of the mutiny of the Sudanese soldiers and the long war with Unyoro.
	64.1911encyclopedia.org /J/JO/JOHNSTON_SIR_HENRY_HAMILTON.htm (965 words)

	Amana Online
		Sir Frederick Lugard, who had previously been Commandant of the Frontier Force, was appointed to the new post of High Commissioner.
		On the surface Lugard appeared to be a typical product of his class and age, but in fact he was a most unusual man. He had been educated at a public school and then, after passing through Sandhurst, had gone into the army.
		But Lugard, as we have seen, could not move into Bornu in 1900, because half the troops were in Ashanti, nor yet in 1901 because of the necessity of securing his base and southern flank by first subduing Kontagora, Nupe, and Adamawa.
	www.amanaonline.com /Sokoto/sokoto_22.htm (3827 words)

	b. Forest West Africa. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Sir Frederick Lugard developed indirect rule in Northern Nigeria while serving as British high commissioner there from 1901 to 1906.
		Under Lugard's system, British authorities delegated to African chiefs the responsibilities of law enforcement, labor recruitment, and tax collection.
		Lugard, who was recalled to Nigeria in 1912, managed the amalgamation of the colonies of Northern and Southern Nigeria and the Nigerian Protectorates into one colony, Nigeria.
	www.bartleby.com /67/2558.html (711 words)

	List of Governors-General of Nigeria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sir Frederick Lugard: 1 January 1914 - 8 August 1919
		Sir Hugh Clifford: 8 August 1919 - 13 November 1925
		Sir Arthur Richards: 18 December 1943 - 5 February 1948
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Governors-General_of_Nigeria (172 words)

	90th Anniversary
		With a donation offered towards the building costs by Sir Hormusjee Mody, the Main Building, houses for the principal and professors, plus a gate lodge were to be built.
		Sir Frederick Lugard finally laid the foundation stone in 1910 with an appropriately gleaming golden trowel, which is still in possession of the University.
		The University was officially established on March 16, 1910 when the then-Governor, Sir Frederick Lugard, laid the foundation stone.
	www.hku.hk /convocat/newsletter/web_0101/con_coverhku90.htm (799 words)

	Lewis Vernon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		His father Sir William Harcourt was Home Secretary 1880-5, at which time Lewis acted as his Private Secretary.
		He was First Commissioner of Works in Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman's 1905 ministry (included in the cabinet in 1907) and in Asquith's cabinet 1908-10 and again 1915-16.
		In this role he authorised the placement in Kensington Gardens of the Peter Pan statue, sculpted by George Frampton, erected on May 1, 1912.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Lewis_Harcourt (477 words)

	Frederick Lugard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Frederick Juan Dealtry Lugard (de enero 22, 1858 - 1945), barón Lugard de Abinger, (designado a menudo señor Lugard) era soldado británico, explorador africano y administrador colonial.
		En 1894 Lugard fue enviado por los Royal Niger Company a Borgu, en donde, distanciar a sus rivales franceses y alemanes en un país hasta entonces unvisited por cualquier europeo, él aseguró tratados con los reyes y los jefes que reconocían la soberanía de la compañía británica.
		Sir Frederick (entonces capitán) Lugard publicado en 1893 la subida de nuestro imperio africano del este (en parte autobiográfico), y era el autor de varios informes valiosos sobre Nigeria norteño publicado por la oficina colonial.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/fr/Frederick%20Lugard.htm (815 words)

	Terri S. Rouse-- Africana Library, Cornell University
		The socio-economic role of Yoruba women before and during the amalgamation era is drawn from Niara Sudarkasa's Where Women Work; a study of Yoruba women in the marketplace and the home (1973), and Gloria Marshall's The Marketing of Farm Produce; some patterns of trade among women in Western Nigeria (1964).
		Germane colonial policy was extracted from Sir Frederick Lugard's Lugard and the Amalgamation, and Sir William N.M. Geary's Nigeria Under British Rule.
		Both authors were colonial officials whose responsibility was to maintain political control and to see to it that the colony generated a profit for the United Kingdom.
	www.library.cornell.edu /africana/thesis/rouse1977.html (523 words)

	Frederick Lugard - China-related Topics E-H - China-Related Topics
		Sir Frederick John Dealtry Lugard (January 22, 1858 - 1945), Baron Lugard of Abinger, (often referred to as Lord Lugard) was a United KingdomBritish soldier, African List of explorersexplorer and colonial administrator.
		In 1892 Lugard returned to England, where he successfully opposed the abandonment of Uganda by Britain, a step then contemplated by the fourth William GladstoneGladstone administration.
		Lugard was created a CB (Honour)CB in 1895, a K.C.M.G. in 1901, and a G.C.M.G. in 1911.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Frederick_Lugard (862 words)

	Birth of Nigeria
		The name, Nigeria, was suggested in 1898 by Flora Shaw who later became Lady Lugard to designate the British Protectorate on the River Niger.
		Lugard became its first Governor general and ruled till 1919.
		He was succeeded by Sir Hugh Clifford (1919 - 25), Sir Arthur Richards (1943 - 48), Sir John McPherson (1948 - 54), and Sir James Robertson (1954 - 60).
	www.uiowa.edu /intlinet/unijos/nigonnet/ugo/birth_of_nigeria.htm (409 words)

	CHAPTER # (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Lugard, however, worked at finding reasons the conduct of still-independent emirates demanded that they be subdued and proceeded to conquer them, often to Colonial Office disquiet.
		Lugard and Balewa were both singularly adept at suggesting that their policies were ideal admixtures of the old and the new, but what is interesting about their reliance on such tropes is the implication for state formation of a process of inquiry based on insufficiency and lack.
		Lugard called taxation "State recognition of the rights and responsibilities of the individual" and said that it was "the moral charter of independence of a people." Paying tax was supposed to be simultaneously a sign of and a tool to create responsible and loyal subjects of the state.
	cas.uchicago.edu /african/papers/pierce.htm (10874 words)

	Doig Genealogy - David Doig of Reswallie and Janet Dall / Agnes Dall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Sir James Carnegie was the first born son of Sir John Carnegie, who married Mary Burnett on 2 Oct 1712; he had ten younger brothers and sisters.
		Sir James succeeded his father 3 Apr 1729, at the age of thirteen, and in the following year he became heir of Southesk by the death of James, the fifth Earl.
		Frederick was the fifth son of Admiral the Hon.
	www.doig.net /DAVE1620.html (9320 words)

	Politics : The nationality question, corporate Nigeria and 'the southern lady of means', by Akinjide, SAN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Lugard also rejected the second plan submitted by Governor Temple based on his experience which would have divided the territory into seven large provinces: four in the South and three in the North.
		Secrecy engulfed the Brit ish plan in Southern Nigeria because Lugard was concerned with the anxiety within what he called “educated natives.” Even the Legislative Council which at this time had been extended to the whole of Southern Protectorate never discussed this matter.
		According to Lord Harcourt, unification of Nigeria demanded both “a method” and “a man.” The man was to be Lord Lugard and the method was to be the marriage of the two entities.
	www.vanguardngr.com /articles/2002/politics/p426012004.html (1584 words)

	University of Hong Kong (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Financed by Sir Paul Chater, Professor G. Jordan and others, it was opened in 1919 by Governor of Hong Kong Sir Reginald Stubbs and housed the student union.
		It was opened by Governor of Hong Kong Sir William Peel in 1931 and since then further donation was received from the Chinese community for the endowment of teaching Chinese language and literature.
		When Lugard Hall was subsequently demolished in 1991, the Old Halls became obsolete and the two remaining wings reverted back to using their old names of Eliot Hall and May Hall.
	toshare.dynup.net /en/University_of_Hong_Kong.htm (3050 words)

	Index Lo-Ly
		He was the second son of the 5th Earl of Longford and great-great-grandson of Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel.
		His eventual removal from office was attributed to his failure to extract from Britain any promises regarding the future status of Gibraltar.
		Lugard of Abinger, Frederick (John Dealtry) Lugard, (1st) Baron (b.
	rulers.org /indexl4.html (15135 words)

	HISTORY OF CIVIL
		A summary of these campaigns was previously published on gamji at http://www.gamji.com/nowa5.htm Just before amalgamation, the West African Frontier Force Camp was based in Jebba before being moved to Kaduna in 1912 to test the site of Lugard's proposed new capital, consistent with the decision to transfer the headquarters of then Northern Nigeria from Zungeru.
		Lugard had been the Governor of Northern Nigeria before becoming the Governor-General of Amalgamated Nigeria after an interlude in Hong Kong.
		Sir Ahmadu Bello, the Sardauna of Sokoto said: "The mistake of 1914 has come to light".
	www.dawodu.com /omoigui3.htm (2779 words)

	LUGARD, SIR FREDERICK JOHN DEALTRY (1858- ) - Encyclopedia Britannica - LUGARD, SIR FREDERICK JOHN DEALTRY (1858- ) - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		was small, and Lugard's task in organizing this vast territory was rendered more difficult by the refusal of the sultan of Sokoto and many other Fula princes to fulfil their treaty obligations.
		Lugard was created a C.B. in 1895 and a K.C.M.G. in Igor.
		African Empire (partly auto-biographical), and was the author of various valuable reports on Northern Nigeria issued by the Colonial Office.
	www.jcsm.org /StudyCenter/Encyclopedia_Britannica/LOB_LUP/LUGARD_SIR_FREDERICK_JOHN_DEAL.html (865 words)

	Hong Kong University Press
		Sir Frederick Lugard ranks as one of Britain’s most distinguished colonial administrators, although he remains a controversial figure.
		His purpose in founding the University was to produce a new, highly educated middle class trained in Western technology and the English language: a vanguard of increased British influence in the east.
		This book paints a very human picture of Lugard as a working governor in the relative stability of Hong Kong against a backdrop of the Chinese empire being torn apart by revolution.
	www.hkupress.org /asp/bookinfo.asp?PD_NUM=9622093167 (177 words)

	THE ORIGIN OF NIGERIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Reading the report of Lord Lugard’s visit to the southern states before he proceeded with the amalgamation, it was obvious that the issue of making one ethnic nationality to serve under another was never raised with the leaders of the communities in the south.
		Lord Lugard was the architect of one north as the employee of the Royal Niger Company in the last decade of the 19th Century.
		He therefore sent Lord Lugard on the mission to inquire into the prospect of amalgamation of the north and south of Nigeria and submit report to him on how it could be effected if he found the plan feasible.
	www.nigerdeltacongress.com /tarticles/the%20origin_of_nigeria.htm (15437 words)

	Victoria Peak - Literary Works - Hong Kong Flora and Vegetation
		Too narrow in most places to really be a road, for much of its length Lugard Road is more like a path winding past stands of wild banana, fragrant flowering creepers and all sorts of tropical vegetation.
		Hong Kong formed a brief Far Eastern interregnum in Lugard's career as a long and distinguished African administrator, and lie is most well remembered today for the creation of Nigeria.
		The road is too narrow for cars to pass in most places, the cliffsides for much of its length are too steep to build anything on, and the houses scattered along its length are often considered remote and difficult to access.
	www.hkflora.com /qef/site_peak/literary/lit_6a_lugard_ep.php (376 words)

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