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Topic: Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles

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	Stamford Raffles - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Raffles was appointed Lieutenant Governor of Java in 1811 and promoted to Governor of Sumatra shortly thereafter, during the period Britain took administrative control of the Dutch colonies while the Netherlands were preoccupied with the Napoleonic Wars in Europe.
		Raffles declared the foundation of what was to become modern Singapore on 6 February of that year, securing transfer of control of the island to the East India Company.
		Raffles was also a founder (in 1825) and first president (elected April 1826) of the Zoological Society of London and the London Zoo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thomas_Stamford_Raffles (524 words)

	SIR THOMAS STAMFORD RAFFLES - LoveToKnow Article on SIR THOMAS STAMFORD RAFFLES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In August 18o6 Raffles was appointed acting secretary during the illness of that official, and in 1807 he received the full appointment.
		Raffles perfected his study of Malay during his stay at this place, and learning from the Malays, with whom he mixed freely, that the abandonment of so important a position would be a grave fault, he drew up a report explaining the great importance of Malacca, and urging in the strongest manner its retention.
		During his stay in England Raffles was knighted by the prince regent, published his History of Java (1817) and discussed with Sir Joseph Banks a project for the foundation in London of a zoological museum and garden on the model of the Jardin des Plantes at Paris.
	22.1911encyclopedia.org /R/RA/RAFFLES_SIR_THOMAS_STAMFORD.htm (1896 words)

	Raffles_Institution
		Raffles Institution was further recognised by the Ministry of Education in 2004 by being awarded the School Excellence Award (the pinnacle of awards in the Ministry of Education's masterplan), among others.
		The Raffles shield is heater shield divided per fess, the top half in green and the bottom in yellow, inscribed with a two headed eagle - a traditional symbol of power and majesty - on head looking back on the past to draw strength, and the other, onto the future.
		Moor was the first headmaster of the school; Buckley was a former secretary to the headmaster; Hullett was the Raffles Institution's longest-serving headmaster; Bayley was a headmaster regarded to have 'raised the Raffles Institution to a large and flourishing establishment'; and Morrison was the co-founder of Raffles Institution.
	www.news-from-newspapers.com /en/Wikipedia.org/2005/04/21/Raffles_Institution.html (2679 words)

	SirThomas Stamford Raffles
		Raffles was in the middle of discussing with his Malay clerk the reply which he wished to be sent to the ruler of Sambas one of the Malays suddenly came in bearing six durians.
		Raffles was as active as the cockroach which has no tail, doing one thing after another; after tidying the house she would sew and after sewing she would write letters.
		Raffles had been living for three or four months in Malacca he had sent out letters with presents to the rulers of all the Malay States to the west and to the east.
	members.tripod.com /khleo/raffles.htm (3595 words)

	Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles
		Thomas Stamford Raffles was born at sea on board a ship Ann on the 6th of July, 1781 off the coast of Jamaica.
		Stamford Raffles was deeply fascinated by the immense diversity of strange animals and plants of the East Indies during his tenure there.
		As Stamford Raffles was well-known in natural history circles, a number of animals and plants have been named in his honour.
	rmbr.nus.edu.sg /history/raffles.htm (595 words)

	Raffles Institution - Simple English Wikipedia
		Raffles Institution is an all-boys secondary school located in Singapore.
		It was founded in 1823 as Singapore Institution by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, the founder of modern Singapore.
		It was renamed "Raffles Institution" in 1868 as a tribute to Raffles.
	simple.wikipedia.org /wiki/Raffles_Institution (168 words)

	Blogger: Email Post to a Friend
		In 1818, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles was appointed as the governor of the British colony at Bencoolen.
		Raffles believed that the British should find a way to replace the Dutch as the dominant power in the archipelago, since the trade route between China and British India, which had become vitally important with the institution of the opium trade with China, passed through the archipelago.
		Raffles' founding of Singapore was based on rather shaky legal grounds, and the Dutch had lost no time in issuing bitter protests to the British government, arguing that their sphere of influence had been violated.
	www.blogger.com /email-post.g?blogID=12955639&postID=111634494575737897 (7240 words)

	Raffles, Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Raffles also reorganized the administration, launched reforms in taxation, abolished forced labor and feudal dues, and provided security of land tenure.
		He secured the transfer (1819) of Singapore to the East India Company and initiated policies that contributed greatly to Singapore’s vital role in the lucrative China trade.
		Raffles was outstanding for his liberal attitude toward peoples under colonial rule, his rigorous suppression of the slave trade, and his zeal in collecting historical and scientific information.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ra/Raffles.html (271 words)

	AllRefer.com - Singapore - Raffles' Dream \| Singaporean Information Resource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, the lieutenant governor of Bencoolen in 1818, vigorously opposed his government's plan to abandon control of the China trade to the Dutch.
		Raffles, who had started his career as a clerk for the British East India Company in London, was promoted at the age of twenty-three to assistant secretary of the newly formed government in Penang in 1805.
		Raffles, noting the protected harbor, the abundance of drinking water, and the absence of the Dutch, began immediately to unload troops, clear the land on the northeast side of the river, set up tents, and hoist the British flag.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/singapore/singapore18.html (810 words)

	InternationalReports.net : Singapore 2002
		Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, a British East India Company administrator and son of a slave trader, founded modern Singapore in 1819.
		In a bitter irony, Sir Raffle’s widow was ordered by the Court of Directors of the East India Company to repay the Company £10,000 ($15,000) for personal expenses incurred largely during his mission to found Singapore.
		Raffles instituted this practice as an incentive for merchants to use the harbor, and thereafter generations of resident traders were to view it as an almost sacred policy.
	www.internationalreports.net /asiapacific/singapore/2002/singaporesfounder.html (791 words)

	SINGAPORE, A History of the Lion City
		Raffles' plan to establish a British settlement in the southern part of the Straits of Malacca was part of this ongoing scheming for power in the region.
		Raffles was prevented from sailing to Aceh by the Governor of Penang, James Bannerman.
		Fearing that Raffles was moving too quickly and without proper authority, Bannerman asked Raffles to postpone his trip to Aceh until clarification of his duties was received from the EIC officials in Calcutta.
	www.hawaii.edu /cseas/pubs/singapore/singapore.html (8632 words)

	Sir Stamford Raffles -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		in full Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles British East Indian administrator and founder of the port city of Singapore (1819), who was largely responsible for the creation of Britain's Far Eastern empire.
		Today the Raffles Hotel in Singapore stands as a reminder of his work and a testimony to the past glories of the empire.
		Sir Isaac Newton law of gravity helped prove that the sun was the center of the universe.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9062451?tocId=9062451 (640 words)

	Claydon House article
		Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles (1781-1826) is known to many as the founder of Singapore, probably his greatest and most lasting accomplishment.
		Thus, we know that Raffles commissioned this gamelan (it cannot therefore be dated before 1812) and that it was purchased by the Verney family -- it was not a gift from Sir Stamford Raffles, as is reported in the booklet distributed at Claydon House.
		That Raffles commissioned these instruments helps explain many questions: why they were so exquisitely made, why the decoration is so appealing to Western eyes, why they are in such extraordinary condition, why the instrumentation is not complete enough to be musically viable, and why the gamelan is tuned to a diatonic scale.
	www3.primushost.com /~samq/claydon (5842 words)

	Thomas Stamford Raffles, Sir Biography / Biography of Thomas Stamford Raffles, Sir Biography
		Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles (1781-1826) was an English colonial administrator, historian, and founder of Singapore.
		Born on July 6, 1781, off the coast of Jamaica on board a ship under the command of his father, Benjamin Raffles, Stamford Raffles became a clerk in the office of the East India Company in London at the age of 14.
		On the trip out, Raffles studied the Malay language intensively, and his proficiency in this then little-known language was remarked upon by those who came in contact with him.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-thomas-stamford-raffles-sir (256 words)

	Raffles and Singapore (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, who was the British Lieutenant-Governor of Bencoolen at that time, felt that a new British trading port was needed to the south of the Malay Peninsula.
		When Raffles caught sight of this tiny island, he knew he had found the very place he was looking for.
		On 6 February 1819, Raffles held a ceremony at the Padang to publicly recognise Tengku Hussein as the Sultan, though he has no right to do so, but he was not afraid as the British was just as strong as the Dutch.
	www.rgs.edu.sg /aec/history.html (487 words)

	Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Singapore, Singapore
		Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles was a British Lieutenant-Governor and was credited with turning Singapore from a tiny fishing village into a major British trading port.
		This is a monument dedicated to Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles (located at the point where he landed, next to the Singapore river) on 28 January 1819.
		The inscription reads: "On this historic site Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles first landed in Singapore on 28 January 1819 and with genius and perception changed the destiny of Singapore from an obscure fishing village to a great seaport and modern metropolis".
	www.virtualtourist.com /travel/Asia/Singapore/Singapore-1495679/General_Tips-Singapore-Sir_Thomas_Stamford_Raffles-BR-1.html (366 words)

	Sir Stamford Raffles by Thomas Woolner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The original statue has been moved, and a reproduction placed on the river bank overlooking what had been the main harbor in Raffles' time.
		On first seeing Singapore, which was then a small fishing village, Raffles, a particularly forward-looking and benevolent agent of the East India Company, grasped its potential as an entrepot (or trans-shipment) port.
		Some months before his death, the British government refused a pension for Raffles, one the most important, as well as most benign, creators of the British Empire.
	www.victorianweb.org /sculpture/woolner/raffles.html (163 words)

	Zoological Society of London - TheBestLinks.com - ZSL, Humphry Davy, 1826, 1828, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a learned society founded in April 1826 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Lord Auckland, Sir Humphry Davy, Joseph Sabine, Nicholas Aylward Vigors and other eminent naturalists.
		Raffles was also the first President but died shortly after assuming his post in July 1826.
		He was succeeded by the third Marquis of Lansdowne, who obtained a parcel of land in Regent's Park from the Crown at a nominal rent, and who supervised the building of the first animal houses.
	www.thebestlinks.com /ZSL.html (269 words)

	Raffles, raffles medical group, raffles l ermitage hotel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Raffles, Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley, 1781-1826, British East Indian administrator.He was one of the founders of Britain's empire in East Asia.
		Raffles shall not be conducted in conjunction with bingo.
		Raffles Institution Military Band is the one the oldest and most prestigiousmilitary bands in Singapore.
	www.ourquilt.com /raffles.html (1015 words)

	Raffles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Raffles envisaged Singapore to be a key economic and strategic point of Britain's India-China and Southeast Asian trade, and founded a settlement and a free port for that purpose.
		The Duke of Puddle Dock: In the Footsteps of Stamford Raffles.
		Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles: A Comprehensive Bibliography, compiled by Eli Solomon.
	www.postcolonialweb.org /singapore/history/chew/chew4.html (375 words)

	Encyclopedia: Thomas Stamford Raffles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		FACTOID # 66: Australians have a huge 380,000 sq m of land per person - and yet 91% live in urban areas.
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		In Singapore, his name lives on in Raffles Junior College, Raffles Institution, Raffles Girls' School (Secondary), Raffles Girls' Primary, Raffles Hotel, Stamford Road, Stamford House, Raffles City and Raffles Place Station, while he is also remembered in the name of the largest flower in the world, the Rafflesia.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Thomas-Stamford-Raffles (437 words)

	Sir Stamford Raffles -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		Raffles is credited with creating Britain's Far Eastern empire.
		In January 1819 Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles of the English East India Company, searching for a trading site, forestalled by the Dutch at Riau, and finding the Carimon (Karimun) Islands unsuitable, landed at Singapore.
		He found only a few Chinese planters, some aborigines, and a few Malays and was told by the hereditary chief, the temenggong (direct ancestor of the sultans...
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9376401?tocId=9376401 (835 words)

	Rajah Brooke & 19thC Sarawak: Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		RAFFLES, Sophia, Lady, Memoir of the life and public services of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles.
		RAFFLES, Thomas Stamford, Sir, The history of Java.
		RAFFLES, Thomas Stamford, Sir, On the Malayu nation.
	www.library.ohiou.edu /libinfo/depts/sea/sarawak/bibliogk.htm (426 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Raffles Sir Thomas Stamford
		They have not forgiven us Stamford Raffles yet, and they cannot forgive us that Malaya appears prosperous and peaceful to them, and their own...
		Elyot, Sir Thomas (1490?-1546), English scholar, translator, and diplomat.
		Lawrence, Sir Thomas: picture of painting by Lawrence
	encarta.msn.com /Raffles_Sir_Thomas_Stamford.html (185 words)

	AllRefer.com - Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles (Southeast Asia History, Biography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		You are here : AllRefer.com > Reference > Encyclopedia > Southeast Asia History, Biographies > Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles
		Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles, Southeast Asia History, Biographies
		Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles 1781–1826, British East Indian administrator.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/Raffles.html (358 words)

	Raffles, Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		He ruled Java as lieutenant governor (1811-15) and reduced the power of native princes.
		Magazines and Newspapers for: Raffles, Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley
		Pictures and Maps for: Raffles, Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/R/Raffles.asp (269 words)

	Singapore Historical Setting - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In 1818 Singapore was settled by a Malay official of the Johore Sultanate and his followers, who shared the island with several hundred indigenous tribespeople and some Chinese planters.
		The following year, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, an official of the British East India Company, arrived in Singapore and secured permission from its Malay rulers to establish a trading post on the island.
		Named by Raffles for its ancient predecessor, Singapore quickly became a successful port open to free trade and free immigration.
	workmall.com /wfb2001/singapore/singapore_history_historical_setting.html (1094 words)

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