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Topic: Skybolt ALBM

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	Peluru berpandu Skybolt ALBM - Wikipedia
		Peluru berpandu Douglas GAM-87A Skybolt merupakan peluru berpandu balistik lancar di udara (ALBM) yang dimajukan pada penghujung tahun 1950an.
		Pada awalnya dikenali sebagai WS-138A, pada tahun 1960 projek tersebut diberi nama GAM-87 Skybolt.
		Mereka merasakan bahawa Skybolt akan memberikan sistem penempatan yang lebih selamat, sementara pada masa yang sama membenarkan armada pengebom V agar terus menjadi ancaman bermakna, dengan jarak bersedia yang jauh mengekalkan mereka dari sistem pertahanan PVO Strany yang semakin meningkat.
	ms.wikipedia.org /wiki/Peluru_berpandu_Skybolt_ALBM#Spesifikasi (604 words)

	Skybolt
		After studies in 1958 had shown that it was feasible to air-launch ballistic missiles from high-flying strategic bombers, the USAF issued a requirement in 1959 for a long-range ALBM (Air-Launched Ballistic Missile).
		Although Skybolt certainly had its technical difficulties and was well behind schedule, the cancellation was also very much influenced by economical and political factors.
		While on the pylon, the Skybolt was fitted with a tail cone to reduce aerodynamic drag.
	www.astronautix.com /lvs/skybolt.htm (490 words)

	WE.177 - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Development was purposely delayed when the Skybolt ALBM was cancelled.
		KATIE was based on a British design known as CLEO, earlier known as Super Octopus, intended as the thermonuclear primary for RE.179, a British warhead for the British version of the cancelled Skybolt air-launched ballistic missile.
		When Skybolt was cancelled RE.179 was adapted to become WE.177B (also referred to as Weapon X) and in a smaller form, the British warhead for Polaris.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/WE177 (2200 words)

	Science Fair Projects - AGM-48 Skybolt
		Not only was the missile long overdue and overbudget, but the limited land area available on the British isles meant that it would be fairly easy for the USSR to find, and thus attack, the silos.
		They felt that the Skybolt would provide a much safer basing system, while at the same time allowing their V-bomber fleet to present a continued credible threat, with a long standoff range keeping them well away from the ever-increasing PVO Strany air defenses.
		The missile was fitted with a tailcone to reduce drag while on the pylon, which was ejected shortly after being dropped from the plane.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Skybolt_ALBM (742 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Skybolt ALBM (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Development was purposely delayed when the Skybolt ALBM was cancelled.
		KATIE was based on a British design known as CLEO, earlier known as Super Octopus, intended as the thermonuclear primary for RE.179, a British warhead for the British version of the cancelled Skybolt air-launched ballistic missile.
		When Skybolt was cancelled RE.179 was adapted to become WE.177B and in a smaller form, the British warhead for Polaris.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Skybolt-ALBM (808 words)

	Skybolt ALBM
		The Douglas AGM-87A Skybolt ALBM (air-launched ballistic missile) was developed during the late 1950s.
		It was designed to carry a 1.2 megaton nuclear warhead and be launched from a B-52H.
		The Skybolt never entered service and was only successfully launched once, strangely enough on the day the program was cancelled, December 19, 1962.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/s/sk/skybolt_albm.html (93 words)

	The General Dynamics B-58 Hustler
		The ALBM was test-launched four times in 1958 and 1959, with two successful launches.
		In the fourth and last launch, on 22 September 1959, the ALBM was launched into space to take a picture of an American Explorer satellite under "Project Snap Shot".
		The B-58 ALBM program was then abandoned, though the B-52-based "Skybolt" ALBM program persisted for a few more years.
	www.faqs.org /docs/air/avb58.html (4315 words)

	Vulcans in Camera - Avro Vulcan B2 XH537 and Skybolt.
		Only the Vulcan was chosen to carry the UK version of Skybolt and XH537 was adapted to carry and drop dummy missiles.
		Skybolt was cancelled in December 1962, though the legacy remained with non-Blue Steel aircraft being completed or retrofitted with hard points intended for mounting Skybolt long after its cancellation.
		However, since some of the weapons proposed for the Vulcan were under-wing mounted, it was probably considered expedient to incorporate the hard points rather than put the fleet through another lengthy modification programme.
	www.avrovulcan.org.uk /bae/537_woodford_1.htm (262 words)

	ALBM Projects (was: Er, Skybolt, the missile...)
		Skybolt was done in the most hurried-up manner, using existing components and it was working.
		Mayor problem of Skybolt (and ALBMs in general) was the incertitude of the launcher position.
		With a longer range ALBM (like the projected Soviet ones), the launcher could have stayed within the limits of the Omega/Loran network (no need of the Navstar/GPS satellites) and with terminal guidance you could allow a less than perfect pinponting of the launcher coordinates.
	www.secretprojects.co.uk /forum/index.php?topic=735.0 (1577 words)

	B52s (Henry Spencer)
		By the time even the B-52H appeared, ICBMs were rolling off production lines, the B-70 Mach 3 bomber had been killed as superfluous, and a further version of a 1950s subsonic bomber didn't look interesting.
		Even the B-52H was in fact built primarily as a carrier for standoff weapons, specifically the Skybolt ALBM (which ended up being cancelled).
		The B-52G would probably have been the end of the line had Skybolt not come along.
	yarchive.net /space/b52.html (459 words)

	Skybolt ALBM Information (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It was intended to provide a mobile basing for the USAF's ICBM missile force by mounting them on heavy bombers rather than in fixed missile silos.
		They felt that the Skybolt would provide a much safer basing system, while at the same time allowing their V-bomber fleet to present a continued credible threat, with a long standoff range keeping them well away from the ever-increasing PVO Strany air defenses.
		Prime Minister MacMillan met President Eisenhower and agreed to purchase 144 Skybolts for the RAF, and Blue Streak and Blue Steel were both cancelled.
	skybolt-albm.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Skybolt_ALBM (889 words)

	Curtis LeMay: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		Curtis Emerson LeMay (November 15, 1906 - October 3, 1990) was a General in the United States Air Force.
		He was not a success as Chief of Staff; he was a belligerent and totally committed anti-Communist and clashed repeatedly with more flexible minds, such as Robert McNamara, Eugene Zuckert[?], and General Maxwell Taylor[?].
		LeMay lost a number of significant appropriation battles (for Skybolt ALBM, the F-111, and the B-52 replacement, the XB-70.) He also lost in his desire for a much more vigorous engagement in Vietnam.
	www.encyclopedian.com /cu/Curtis-LeMay.html (536 words)

	Skybolt ALBM
		Not only was the missile long overdue and overbudget, but the limited land area available on the British isles meant that it would be fairly easy for the USSR to directly attack the silos.
		They felt that the Skybolt would provide a much safer basing system, while at the same time allowing their V Bomber fleet to present a credible threat, with a long standoff range keeping them well away from the ever-increasing PVO Strany air defenses.
		Prime Minister MacMillan met President Eisenhower and agreed to purchase 144 Skybolts for the RAF, and Blue Streak was cancelled.
	www.news-server.org /s/sk/skybolt_albm.html (584 words)

	Skybolt ALBM - Term Explanation on IndexSuche.Com
		''Skybolt'' was an air-launched ballistic missile (ALBM) developed during the late 1950s.
		It was intended to provide a "safer" basing for the USAF's missile force, on its bomber fleet rather than fixed missile_silos.
		This meant that their Blue Steel II standoff missile would also be able to be replaced as well.
	www.indexsuche.com /Skybolt_ALBM.html (653 words)

	AGM-69 Short Range Attack Missile - SRAM - Aircraft Launched Missiles - Strategic Air Command - Nuclear Warhead
		The first live launch of a SRAM from a SAC operational B-1B took place on 3 June 1987.
		After the cancellation of the GAM-87/AGM-48 Skybolt ALBM (Air-Launched Ballistic Missile) in December 1962, the USAF had to find another way to modernize the strike capabilities of its strategic bomber force.
		In March 1964, SOR (Specific Operational Requirement) 212 for a short-range attack missile was submitted by the USAF, and in March 1965, development was approved by the Department of Defense.
	www.strategic-air-command.com /missiles/Aircraft-Launched_Missiles/agm-69_SRAM_missile.htm (825 words)

	McDonnell Douglas Page - mcdonnell douglas sp80
		The advent of the Korean War helped push McDonnell into a major military fighter supply role, especially with the noted F-4 Phantom II (1958).
		Both companies were eager to enter the new missile business, Douglas moving from producing air-to-air rockets and missiles to entire missile systems under the 1956 Nike program and becoming the main contractor of the Skybolt ALBM program and the Thor ballistic missile program.
		McDonnell made a number of missiles, including the unusual ADM-20 Quail, as well as experimenting with hypersonic flight, research that enabled them to gain a substantial share of the NASA projects Mercury and Gemini.
	www.patpress.com /K---Z/McDonnell_Douglas.php (847 words)

	The General Dynamics B-58 Hustler
		The ALBM was test-launched four times in 1958 and 1959, with two successful launches.
		In the fourth and last launch, on 22 September 1959, the ALBM was supposed to be launched into space to take a picture of an American Explorer satellite under "Project Snap Shot".
		The B-58 ALBM program was then abandoned, though the B-52-based "Skybolt" ALBM program persisted for a few more years.
	www.vectorsite.net /avb58.html (4734 words)

	Cape Canaveral Rocket and Missile Programs:
		Development of the Skybolt Air-Launched Ballistic Missile began in 1958 following feasibility studies to determine whether or not a ballistic-type missile could be successfully deployed from the air.
		Although the Skybolt did have wings, it was originally classified as an Air Launched Ballistic Missile (ALBM), not a cruise missile.
		The Skybolt was ultimately intended to be deployed on B-52H aircraft, which were fitted with two twin Skybolt pylons under each inner wing.
	www.spaceline.org /rocketsum/skybolt.html (399 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		While on the pylon, the Skybolt was fitted with a tail cone to reduce aerodynamic drag.
		After first stage burnout, the Skybolt coasted for a while before the second stage ignited.
		First stage control was by movable tail fins, while the second stage was equipped with a gimballed nozzle.
	www.mooredesign.com.au /acw/weapons/nuke/agm-48/index.html (276 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > McDonnell Douglas (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The advent of the Korean War helped push McDonnell into a major military fighter supply role, especially with the noted F-4 Phantom II (1958).
		Both companies were eager to enter the new missile business, Douglas moving from producing air-to-air rockets and missiles to entire missile systems under the 1956 Nike program and becoming the main contractor of the Skybolt ALBM program and the Thor[?] ballistic missile program.
		McDonnell made a number of missiles, including the unusual ADM-20 Quail[?], as well as experimenting with hypersonic flight, research that enabled them to gain a substantial share of the NASA projects Mercury and Gemini.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/mc/McDonnell_Douglas?title=James_Kindelberger (780 words)

	Missile Information
		As a result, Douglas Aircraft received the prime contract to develop an ALBM, the project initially being known as GAM-87.
		In 1960 the project was renamed Skybolt and Douglas sub-contracted to Northrop, Aerojet and General Electric.
		Prime Minister MacMillan met President Eisenhower and agreed to purchase Skybolt for the RAF.
	www.rafmuseum.org.uk /cosford/collections/missiles/missile_info.cfm?missile_id=29 (194 words)

	Sharkit Skybolt (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Douglas Skybolt was to be America's first air-launched ballistic missile (ALBM).
		Developed in 1959 by Douglas Aircraft for use on the B-52H strategic bomber, the Skybolt was to carry a single nuclear warhead at speeds of Mach 9 up to a range of 1,000 nautical miles.
		This kit comes with TWO Skybolt models, each one with a different head and pylon.
	renax.club.fr /sharkit/skybolt/skybolt.htm (164 words)

	WE.177 Information
		Although this variant matched the original concept with an added NDB function, and was identified as the 'A' model, it was not the first to be deployed.
		Revised priority was then given to a bomb intended to extend the life (in a strategic role) of the Vulcan force.
		The US W-44 primary was replaced with a British primary developed from CLEO that evolved into KATIE, that did not use the shock-sensitive PBX-9404.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/WE.177 (1457 words)

	British Military Aviation in 1962
		It is announced that 200 Royal Air force (RAF) personnel have been selected to form the British Joint Trials Force, under the command of Wing Commander C.E. Ness, for advanced testing of the Skybolt ALBM with Bomber Command Vulcan B2s at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida.
		A US proposal to continue development of the system with the United Kingdom on a 50/50 basis was rejected in turn by the British Government, which instead elected to procure the Polaris submarine-launched ballistic missile as the United Kingdom's next-generation strategic nuclear deterrent system.
		Subsequently, the Skybolt programme was officially terminated by the USAF on 31 December 1962.
	www.rafmuseum.org.uk /milestones-of-flight/british_military/1962.html (866 words)

	BBB: Come for the bunny photographs. Stay for the Warmongery (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Given that Skybolt was going to be the primary nuclear deterrent for the British, that cancellation set relations back a couple centuries.
		That’s right: were it not for Skybolt, we would have long since retired the blessed B-52.
		Even though Skybolt lives on only in paintings and the memories of warmongers, there’s still time.
	petbunny.blogspot.com /2003_02_09_petbunny_archive.html (5495 words)

	AGM-48 Skybolt Information
		At the same time the Royal Air Force was having problems with their IRBM missile project, Blue Streak.
		Not only was the missile long overdue and over budget, but the limited land area available on the British isles meant that it would be fairly easy for the USSR to find, and thus attack, the silos.
		View a list of authors or edit this article.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/AGM-48_Skybolt (649 words)

	RAF Bomber Command - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Longer range systems were developed, but failed and/or were cancelled.
		This fate befell the mark 2 of the Blue Steel, its replacement, the American Skybolt ALBM and the ground-based Blue Streak program.
		However, attempts to develop a stand-off nuclear deterrent were eventually successful.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/RAF_Bomber_Command (5765 words)

	British Armed Forces & National Service
		The bomb load was gradually updated to Yellow Sun and then Red Beard and from 1962 26 Vulcan B.2A were armed with the Blue Steel missile.
		When Blue Steel was decommissioned and the replacement program for the Skybolt ALBM was cancelled the bombers reverted to gravity bomb loads, despite the lack of credible deterrent value in this delivery method.
		Although the primary weapon for the Vulcan was nuclear, Vulcans could carry up to 21 x 1000 lb (454 kg) bombs in a secondary role.
	britisharmedforces.org /ns/raf/nat_vulcan30.htm (540 words)

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