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	Skyglow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Skyglow (or sky glow), a form of light pollution, is the glow seen over many cities and towns.
		It is caused by the combined effect of the many electric lighting fixtures that shed light above the horizontal in urban areas, and results in only the brightest stars and planets being visible.
		It can also have detrimental effects on the health of human and non-human animals, and it means that people in urban areas all lose the chance to admire the night sky.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Skyglow (181 words)

	Observing Report - Auroral display from Earth encounter with coronal mass ejection (CME) 05/15/2005 7:00 UTC
		This display was principally a continuous faint homogenous Type C (green) skyglow along the northern horizon from W 20° to N 0° to E 70° between 0° and 30° altitude.
		In addition to the homogenous glow band at the horizon, skyglow patches randomnly formed between azimuth W 20° and E 70° between altitude 20° and the zenith.
		Skyglow band and some rayed arcs vary from local horizon altitudes of 40° to 70°.
	members.csolutions.net /fisherka/astronote/observed/CME200505/CME200505_obsrep.htm (1286 words)

	Effect of Skyglow on the Visibility of Stars
		Objective: Skyglow caused by excess light from urban centers obscures the visibility of stars and is an increasing problem for astronomical observations.
		A formula for the brightness value, "B", as an indication of skyglow varying with distance, "d", was derived: B = 4.4 X 10^8 X d^-2.2.
		To minimize the impact of skyglow, outdoor lighting should be reduced and redirected, and low-pressure sodium vapor lights should be used wherever possible because these lights cause the least interference with night-sky observations.
	www.osa.org /localsections/ossd/EdOutreach/Gsdsef/gsdsef2003/Rucker/rucker_abstact.htm (441 words)

	Bit depth and skyglow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		First is the issue of skyglow, a problem for any film or CCD imager.
		The background skyglow was at about 60% of full-range.
		But, since the skyglow was a major source of the decreased bit-depth, getting rid of it would be a clear improvement.
	home.earthlink.net /~sac8/SkyglowBits.htm (620 words)

	Baader NEODYMIUM (Moon & Skyglow) filter
		Первым делом я посмотрел через фильтр NEODYMIUM Moon and Skyglow на разные цветные объекты.
		Но удовольствие от наблюдения Юпитера я получил именно с фильтром Baader Moon and Skyglow.
		Если вы не видели БКП и белые облака рядом с ним, то с фильтром Neodymium Moon and Skyglow это не проблема».
	www.shvedun.ru /neodymium.htm (487 words)

	Orion Skyglow Filter
		After using the Skyglow Broadband filter over the last 12 months I have found the majority of my viewing is done without this simple filter.
		I have owned Orion’s Skyglow Filter for over 12 months and found this little filter to reduce background spectral wavelengths of 300 – 480 nm and 530 – 630nm, which results in a demonstrable reduction of light transmission - the resultant star field background is darker.
		It does not have to be an Orion product but it does have to be manufactured with high quality optical glass by a manufacturer utilizing the highest quality standards in production, coatings and polishing (more on this in a future article).
	members.tripod.com /irwincur/orion_skyglow_filter.htm (457 words)

	House of Commons - Science and Technology - Written Evidence
		As well as the problem of skyglow, the Campaign also addresses the terrestrial problems of glare and light trespass which such lights cause: direct light spill from nearby premises obviously hampers or prevents observation of the night sky, as well as causing many other problems.
		Some people believe that skyglow is the visible orange glow seen over towns and cities, but this is the extreme.
		Although it is possible to measure and quantify skyglow, as seen from a particular location, it is very dependent on air pollution levels and meteorological conditions, and the condition of reflective surfaces in the vicinity of the light source.
	www.publications.parliament.uk /pa/cm200203/cmselect/cmsctech/747/747we16.htm (2989 words)

	ALI: What Blue Skies Tell Us About Light Pollution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Skyglow is radiant energy which escapes from lighting near the ground into the atmosphere, where it is redirected back toward the ground.
		For astronomers adapted to darkness, the appropriate measure of the intensity of skyglow is in scotopic lumens.
		Therefore from lighting systems producing the same number of lumens and illuminance levels, the brightness of skyglow produced by MH is around three times that produced by HPS for dark adapted viewers of a clear night sky.
	resodance.com /ali/bluskies.html (1656 words)

	Infinite Points of Light (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		"Skyglow" is the term astronomers use to describe a night sky illuminated by light pollution.
		Interestingly though, skyglow is not always associated with cities.
		Although skyglow is prevalent, there are still places where you can get a clear view of the night sky.
	www.riverdeep.net /current/2001/10/102201_lightpollution.jhtml (1192 words)

	Filtering skyglow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Word on the street (read "SAC Yahoo Group") was that the skyglow may have a significant IR component.
		The background certainly is darker, as if it had blocked some of the skyglow.
		You may be cutting noise by some amount by filtering out skyglow, but you're also filtering out the signal from your broadband galaxy.
	home.earthlink.net /~sac8/SkyglowFilter.htm (941 words)

	MetroLux Roadway, Highway and High Mast Lighting Solutions - Article Reference - Light The Billboard, Not The Sky! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		"Skyglow" caused by lighted billboards is easily identified and often singled out as a target by environmentalists.
		Skyglow is caused by poor aiming and directional control of the light the projected from the fixture housing.
		It's interesting to note that the very skyglow that reduces the nighttime readability of billboards is a major factor in light pollution.
	www.metrolux.com /billlight.htm (1288 words)

	Sky and Telescope -- Dissecting light pollution
		is familiar with the artificial skyglow that hangs over populated areas, washing out almost everyone's view of the universe to a greater or lesser degree.
		Skyglow is what the term "light pollution" properly denotes.
		This natural component of skyglow has four sources: faint airglow in the upper atmosphere (a permanent, low-grade aurora), sunlight reflected off interplanetary dust (zodiacal light), starlight scattered in the atmosphere, and background light from faint, unresolved stars and nebulosity.
	www.fortunecity.com /skyscraper/java/629/light.html (1198 words)

	Company Seven \| Baader Planetarium Neodymium Moon & Skyglow Filter Description Page
		The Moon & Skyglow is a multi-bandpass filter transmitting a high percentage of light in the visual spectrum; it is among our most economical and versatile well made astronomy filters.
		Ionically colored means this is a colored glass that is constituted of a true solution of glass, ions of heavy metals or rare earths, which attribute to the the glass its coloration, absorption and transmittance properties.
		Review: Baader Skyglow Filter 2 inch an illustrated evaluation of the filter written in October 2002 by Mr.
	www.company7.com /baader/options/moonskyglow.html (2206 words)

	Science News for Kids: ScienceFairZone
		Skyglow, caused by excess light from urban centers, reduces the visibility of stars and is an increasing problem for astronomical observations.
		Jacob lives in the San Diego area, where the climate is dry, the skies are clear, and mountains loom nearby—ideal conditions for night-sky observations.
		Thus, skyglow is a serious threat to astronomical observations at Mt. Laguna Observatory (45 miles from San Diego) and Palomar Observatory (40 miles from San Diego).
	www.sciencenewsforkids.org /articles/20040128/ScienceFairZone.asp (341 words)

	Optical Society of San Diego
		I developed a custom computer program to isolate skyglow pixel values by removing CCD noise and star pixels from the images and to compute the average intensity of the skyglow pixels, from 0 to 765, for each image.
		The amount of skyglow at 45 to 60-degree angles of observation averaged up to 220% more than zenith skyglow values for the same distance and up to 87% average increase at 120 to 135 degrees.
		Conclusions: The amount of skyglow (S) decreased inversely with the distance (d) from the urban center, as approximated by the equation: S = 2.4 X 10^2 X d^-1.9 per one degree of sky, with significantly greater amounts of skyglow for non-zenith angles of observation both towards and away from the urban center.
	www.osa.org /localsections/ossd/EdOutreach/Gsdsef/gsdsef2004/gsdsef2004_jake.htm (710 words)

	Orion SkyGlow Broadband Filter, 2" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		SkyGlow improves the views of nebulas, galaxies and clusters
		Our SkyGlow is an advanced multilayer "interference" filter designed to enhance deep-sky observing in moderately light-polluted skies.
		It blocks the most common wavelengths of light pollution - predominantly produced by mercury vapor lamps - and allows higher transmission of critical hydrogen-alpha and hydrogen-beta lines.
	www.broadnetalliance.org /shop/ISP-833800-B0000XMUVE-Orion_SkyGlow_Broadband_Filter_2.html (135 words)

	Why is the sky blue? (scattering)
		Even at night, the sky always has a faint color, called "skyglow" by astronomers.
		Atmospheres also cause skyglow from faint airglow in the upper atmosphere (a permanent, low-grade aurora), and starlight scattered in the atmosphere.
		Even if there were no atmosphere, faint skyglow is caused by sunlight reflected off interplanetary dust (zodiacal light), and background light from faint, unresolved stars and nebulosity.
	webexhibits.org /causesofcolor/14.html (240 words)

	In the October sky, plenty to see: a queen, a sea monster, a galaxy - The Boston Globe
		Now that the evenings are turning chilly and dark, the first bright stars of winter are already climbing up the eastern sky.
		Cassiopeia, in ancient Greek mythology, was a queen of Ethiopia mourning for her daughter Andromeda, who was chained to a rock by the ocean as a sacrifice to a sea monster.
		Several fainter stars can be added to the four in the W to make a surprisingly evocative profile of a woman bending with head bowed in sorrow.
	www.boston.com /news/local/massachusetts/articles/2005/10/01/in_the_october_sky_plenty_to_see_a_queen_a_sea_monster_a_galaxy (741 words)

	Equipment Reviews - Page 5
		Although this filter is recommended for use when observing galaxies, nebulae and star clusters as it reduces skyglow from light pollution and the Moon I have found it very useful for observing the planets as well.
		This is due to the fact that in addition to filtering out skyglow it boosts color contrast by isolating the Red, Green, and Blue regions of the spectrum.
		The Baader Contrast-Booster is based on the Moon & Skyglow filter and designed to completely eliminate the defocused blue haze visible in achromatic refractors, as well as to take contrast enhancement and skyglow reduction to the maximum level possible from a filter.
	members.leapmail.net /~ericj/equipment_reviews5.html (2927 words)

	SkyTonight.com - Saving Dark Skies - Dissecting Light Pollution
		Every astronomer knows the artificial skyglow that hangs over populated areas, washing out almost everyone's view of the universe to a greater or lesser degree.
		This is called glare; it comes from fixtures that are poorly designed or improperly aimed, in other words most of those currently in use.
		This natural skyglow has four sources: faint airglow in the upper atmosphere (a permanent, low-grade aurora), sunlight reflected off interplanetary dust (zodiacal light), starlight scattered in the atmosphere, and background light from faint, unresolved stars and galaxies.
	skytonight.com /resources/darksky/3304016.html?page=1&c=y (298 words)

	Company Seven \| Baader Planetarium Neodymium Moon & Skyglow Filter Review by Lischma
		The Baader Neodymium Moon and SkyGlow Filter is a multi-bandpass filter transmitting a high percentage of light in the visual spectrum.
		This Baader Skyglow filter is also available in a 1.25 inch version.
		When I compare it to pictures taken with the same equipment without the Skyglow I can state that the optical quality of the filter is very good.
	www.company7.com /library/baader/neodymium_licha.html (902 words)

	Astro-Physics offers Moon&Skyglowfilter from Baader Planetarium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		I find the Skyglow helps sharpen images that are otherwise negatively affected by slight haze (slight reduction in transparency).
		R., VA "I purchased the Baader Moon and Skyglow filter a little over a month ago and would like to share I am very pleased with it.
		MPD, MA "Below is a mini-review I posted to the NexStar GPS Yahoo group: I have the 2" Baader Moon & Skyglow filter in for visual use and just leave it in all the time when I'm observing from the suburbs.
	www.astro-physics.com /products/accessories/baader/filters/skyglowfilter.htm (1084 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Artificial skyglow resulting largely from wasteful lighting design and overuse of lighting is increasingly hampering astronomical research and education.
		Artificial Skyglow 3.1 Energy Loss and Skyglow The total artificial light flux emitted by a city is proportional to the product of two quantities, the number of light sources and their mean output of light.
		The red curve shows the course of skyglow if it is growing from the 1990 value by 2.4% pa, which is indicative of the present after-inflation growth of municipal expenditure on public lighting in Melbourne municipalities.
	www.darkskysociety.org /handouts/2006_crime_clark.doc (6103 words)

	Skyglow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Skyglow is the orange "smog" that hangs over all cities at night.
		Nasty Midlands skyglow that is bright enough to let you read a newspaper at midnight.
		Many town, country and district councils, as well as some private businesses, have listened to the CfDS argument, and have made changes to their lighting policy which saves them energy (and therefore money), and also reduces the light pollution nuisance for the local population.
	www.britastro.org /dark-skies/skyglow.htm (361 words)

	Star Trail Photography - David Lee
		By further extending the exposure, this one was approximately 25 minutes, the trails become longer.
		Much of the skyglow has been removed from these images during the digital processing of the images.
		The skyglow appears as a strong orange glow.
	victoria.rasc.ca /articles/1999/art9904c.html (631 words)

	High Point Scientific, Inc. - Telescopes, Binoculars, Sport Optics and Accessories.
		SkyGlow filters feature improved blocking of mercury-vapor light and higher transmission at critical hydrogen-alpha and hydrogen-beta lines than competing filters.
		Bright, light-polluted skies appear much darker, and the contrast between object and sky is improved significantly.
		SkyGlow filters allow maximum transmission of the important wavelengths of hydrogen-alpha, hydrogen-beta, and doubly ionized oxygen-the ones most commonly emitted by nebulas.
	www.highpointscientific.com /store/optCompareProducts.asp?idProduct=1649 (158 words)

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