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Topic: Skylab

	Skylab - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Skylab was actually the refitted S-IVB second stage of a Saturn IB booster (from the AS-212 vehicle), a leftover from the Apollo program originally intended for one of the canceled Apollo earth orbital missions.
		Skylab was launched May 14, 1973 by a Saturn INT-21 (a two-stage version of the Saturn V launch vehicle).
		Increased solar activity, heating the outer layers of the earth's atmosphere and thereby increasing drag on Skylab, led to an early reentry at approximately 16:37 UTC July 11, 1979.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Skylab (2200 words)

	Skylab 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Skylab 3 or SL-3 The Skylab 3 mission started July 28,1973, with the launch of three astronauts on the Saturn IB rocket, and lasted 59 days, 11 hours and 9 minutes.
		Skylab 3 continued a comprehensive medical research program that extended the data on human physiological adaptation and readaptation to space flight collected on the previous Skylab 2 mission.
		The crew's health was assessed on Skylab by collecting data on dental health, environmental and crew microbiology, radiation, and toxicological aspects of the Skylab orbital workshop.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Skylab_3.html (545 words)

	Skylab
		Skylab was later referred to the NASA Project Designation Committee and was approved 17 February 1970.
		The Skylab MDA flight unit was flown from MSFC to Martin Marietta's Denver division where it was to be outfitted with controls and display panels for solar astronomy and Earth resources experiments, storage vaults for experiment film, and a thruster attitude control system.
		The Skylab orbital assembly- consisting of the OWS, the ATM, and the AM/MDA-was scheduled to be launched from Pad A of Launch Complex 39 in late April 1973.
	www.astronautix.com /project/skylab.htm (15434 words)

	Skylab
		Skylab consisted of the orbital workshop itself, an airlock module, a multiple docking adapter, and the Apollo telescope mount.
		Skylab was equipped to observe Earth’s natural resources and the environment, and activity on the Sun.
		Astronauts also studied the effects of long-term weightlessness on the human body and materials processing in microgravity, and performed experiments submitted by students for a “Classroom in Space.” Because Skylab was a research laboratory, the composition of the crew differed from that of the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo missions.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/S/Skylab.html (1241 words)

	The Skylab Orbital Workshop 8x10 Photograph
		The Skylab 4 crew took the photograph during a fly-around of the space station before returning to earth.
		Skylab 4 crew was comprised of Commander Gerald P. Carr, Pilot William R. Pogue, and Scientist Edward G. Gibson.
		Skylab was launched into orbit on May 14th, 1973.
	www.mach1collectibles.com /the_skylab_orbital_workshop_8x10_photograph.html (158 words)

	Skylab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Skylab was a space research laboratory constructed by the United States National Aerospace Agency (NASA) which, when in July 1979 it eventually succumbed to the Earth's gravitational pull, re-entered the atmosphere and landed in fiery chunks around the Balladonia Hotel Motel.
		Skylab, launched by the first two stages of a Saturn 5 rocket, weighed 88,900 kg (196,000 lb) and had an interior space of 357 cu m(12,600 cu ft).
		Skylab was damaged during launch on May 25, 1973, but the crew, veteran astronaut Joseph Conrad, Commander Joseph P. Kerwin, and Commander Paul J. Weitz, carried out EVA repairs, erected a heat-shielding canopy over the exterior of the spacecraft, and freed a jammed solar panel.
	www.users.bigpond.com /balladonia/history/skylab.htm (350 words)

	Skylab 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Skylab 2 or SL-2 was the first human spaceflight mission to Skylab, the first U.S. orbital space station.
		Skylab 2 established a record for human spaceflight duration.
		(Skylab 2 was sometimes called Skylab 1, but this name properly refers to the unmanned launch of the space station itself.) On May 25, 1973, a crew was sent to the facility for maintenance and refit aboard an Apollo capsule.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Skylab_2.html (282 words)

	Skylab
		Launch of the unoccupied Skylab, designated Skylab 1 (the occupied missions were officially designated Skylabs 2, 3 and 4, but are generally referred to as Skylabs I, II and III, and are referred to in that manner here) took place on May 14, 1973, and problems set in early on.
		The first crew, Skylab I, which was supposed to launch the next day, was delayed for ten days while mission personnel devised a method to repair the crippled station.
		Skylab's orbit slowly deteriorated and it finally burned up in the atmosphere on July 11, 1979, more than five years after the last crew left for home.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/pao/History/apollo/skylab.html (507 words)

	Skylab 2 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		(Skylab 2 was sometimes called Skylab 1, but this name properly refers to the unmanned launch of the space station itself.)
		Launched on May 25, 1973 the first Skylab crew's main job first was to repair the space station.
		Skylab's meteorite and sunshield and one of its solar arrays had torn loose during launch, and the remaining primary solar array was jammed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Skylab_2 (482 words)

	Skylab - launched May 14, 1973, part of the Apollo Space Program
		Skylab was the first US space station, it was launched into a 435 km (270 miles) altitude orbit on May 14, 1973 as part of the Apollo program.
		Skylab spacecraft reentered the atmosphere on July 11, 1979 scattering debris over the Indian Ocean and the sparsely settled region of Western Australia.
		Skylab included eight separate solar experiments; two X-ray telescopes, an X-ray and extreme ultraviolet camera, an ultraviolet spectroheliometer, an extreme ultraviolet spectroheliograph and an ultraviolet spectroheliograph, a white light coronagraph and two hydrogen-alpha telescopes.
	www.geog.ucsb.edu /~jeff/115a/history/skylab.html (206 words)

	Skylab Space Station
		Skylab Space Station was assembled from Saturn V and Apollo components.
		Skylab's purpose was to serve as a laborarory for scientific experiments in space until February 1974.
		Skylab Space Station was a modified third stage of a Saturn V moon rocket.
	www.aerospaceguide.net /spacestation/skylab.html (2253 words)

	StarChild: Skylab
		Skylab was designed to allow astronauts to live and work in space for several weeks.
		The launch of the first Skylab crew was delayed while engineers worked on a plan to provide some type of protective covering for the laboratory and to free the remaining solar wing.
		A second Skylab crew was launched in July of 1974 and a third in November of the same year.
	starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov /docs/StarChild/space_level2/skylab.html (433 words)

	Skylab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Therefore, for Skylab to use the lithium hydroxide filters, a large supply had to be carried on board Skylab or delivered with each crew, which, since keeping weight to a minimum is always a desired effect for spacecraft, was not possible.
		Skylab itself had a Sun seeker mounted in the ATM that was designed to remain pointing towards the center of the Sun, giving the Skylab module a reference vector to the Sun.
		One of the innovations of Skylab was the use of a teleprinter to communicate with the crew.
	www.tsgc.utexas.edu /archive/characterizations/skylab.html (6003 words)

	Skylab's Untimely Fate
		With shuttle orbital missions due to start in 1979 and Skylab's orbit thought to be stable at least through the early 1980s, John Yardley, NASA's associate administrator for manned spaceflight, initiated a study to demonstrate what the shuttle could do on a Skylab visit.
		Skylab's workshop could later be raised to 15 psi with no safety problems, but the airlock module and its extravehicular activity hatch could tolerate only 8 or 9 psi.
		On the plus side, Skylab rescuers would get their shuttle repair missions "free," since the rescue was considered a good exercise for testing the new spaceship's capabilities.
	www.astronautix.com /articles/skyyfate.htm (3098 words)

	Skylab 2
		The Skylab space station was launched May 14, 1973, from the NASA Kennedy Space Center by a huge Saturn V launch vehicle, the moon rocket of the Apollo Space Program.
		This event and its effects started a ten-day period in which Skylab was beset with problems that had to be conquered before the space station would be safe and habitable for the three manned periods of its planned eight-month mission.
		The crew rendezvoused with Skylab on the fifth orbit.
	www.friends-partners.org /partners/mwade/flights/skylab2.htm (3943 words)

	Skylab Operations Summary
		In Skylab, both the man-hours in space and the man-hours spent in performance of extravehicular activities (EVA) under micro-gravity conditions exceeded the combined totals of all of the world's previous space flights up to that time.
		The capability to conduct longer manned missions was conclusively demonstrated in Skylab, first by the crew returning from the 28 day mission and, more forcefully, by the good health and physical condition of the second and third Skylab crews who stayed in weightless space for 59 and 84 days respectively.
		However, in the fall of 1977, it was determined that Skylab was no longer in a stable attitude as a result of greater than predicted solar activity.
	www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov /kscpao/history/skylab/skylab-operations.htm (822 words)

	Planetarium.Net Skylab Human Spaceflight Timeline
		Skylab was actually the third stage of a Saturn V rocket.
		The deployment of the shield damaged one of the solar array mounts and caused the array to be torn from its mount.
		When the Skylab 4 crew splashed down on February 8, 1974, mission control conducted a few more experiments from the ground and then shut the station down.
	www.planetarium.net /edcenter/human/skylab.htm (418 words)

	Apollo Telescope Mount
		SKYLAB and the attached Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) were launched into near earth orbit by a Saturn V rocket on 14 May 1973.
		Skylab was a scientist's spacecraft: its experiments were many and sound and foremost in the mission.
		The entire complex was christened Skylab and would be placed in orbit with a Saturn V. Three visits were planned, for 26, 56, and 56 days; it was hoped to operate the ATM and other experiments over a period of 9 months.
	wwwsolar.nrl.navy.mil /skylab_atm.html (3587 words)

	NASM Space Artifacts: Skylab
		Skylab was a space station launched into Earth orbit by the United States in May 1973.
		Using Skylab as a research laboratory, the astronauts conducted observations of the Earth, Sun, and heavens as well as experiments in materials science and life sciences.
		Skylab was intended to be a temporary--not a permanent--presence in space.
	www.nasm.si.edu /research/dsh/artifacts/HS-skylab.htm (290 words)

	NASA - Part I - The History of Skylab
		Skylab served as the greatest solar observatory of its time, a microgravity lab, a medical lab, an Earth-observing facility, and, most importantly, a home away from home for its residents.
		Original plans called for the station to remain in space after the final Skylab mission, for another 8 to 10 years, possibly to be visited by the Shuttle fleet.
		But unexpectedly high solar activity foiled the plan, and on July 11, 1979, Skylab re-entered the Earth's atmosphere and disintegrated, dispersing debris across a sparsely populated section of western Australia and the southeastern Indian Ocean.
	www.nasa.gov /vision/space/livinginspace/f_skylab1.html (537 words)

	CNN.com - Sci-Tech - Space - Mir's return brings back Skylab memories - March 22, 2001
		Skylab's early history was a rocky one as well.
		By the time Skylab was parked in orbit, it had lost one of its solar arrays and the second was stuck in a partially deployed position -- leaving the station with virtually no power.
		But in the fall of 1977, with Skylab still a young satellite by Mir's standards, scientists noted that increased solar activity had an adverse effect on the station's orbit, and Skylab was coming down sooner rather than later.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/TECH/space/03/22/skylab/index.html (538 words)

	The Skylab Space Station
		Skylab, a science and engineering laboratory, was launched into Earth orbit by a Saturn V rocket on 14 May 1973.
		Circling 50 degrees north and south of the equator at an altitude of 435 km, Skylab had an orbital period of 93 minutes.
		There were a plethora of UV astronomy experiments done during the Skylab lifetime, as well as detailed X-ray studies of the Sun.
	heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov /docs/heasarc/missions/skylab.html (456 words)

	Skylab
		Designed for long duration mission, Skylab program objectives were twofold: To prove that humans could live and work in space for extended periods, and to expand our knowledge of solar astronomy well beyond Earth-based observations.
		Skylab's achievements are a summary of the accomplishments of many ground-based persons as well as its three separate crews who were launched in Apollo-type command modules by Saturn IB vehicles on May 25, July 28, and November 16, 1973.
		Skylab launched on May 14 and was successfully visited by three crews.
	zebu.uoregon.edu /~js/space/lectures/lec22.html (4749 words)

	Estação espacial Skylab
		Lançamento da Skylab a bordo de um Saturno V modificado.
		A primeira missão Skylab - a única não tripulada - foi para lançar e colocar em órbita a estação.
		O Skylab foi então manobrado para que o outro painel captasse o máximo de energia, mas isso provocou um superaquecimento.
	www.zenite.nu /06/eo-skylab.php (410 words)

	NASA Shuttle-Mir Web: US Timeline: Skylab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Skylab was launched into orbit in May 1973 at an altitude of approximately 450 km.
		The results from Skylab suggested that space motion sickness cannot be predicted with the usual ground-based tests, but can be alleviated somewhat by prophylactic administration of medications.
		Some bone loss was noted in the lower extremities, specifically the os calcis, and a significant increase in the urinary excretion of calcium during flight was measured in all crewmen of Skylab 4.
	neurolab.jsc.nasa.gov /skylab.htm (224 words)

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