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Topic: Slavoljub Penkala

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	Slavoljub Eduard Penkala (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Slavoljub Eduard Penkala (April 20, 1871 - February 5, 1922) was an engineer and inventor from Croatia.
		Eduard Penkala was born in Liptovský Mikuláš (in what is now Slovakia), to Franjo Penkala, who was Polish, and Maria Penkala (née Hannel), who was Dutch.
		Penkala died in Zagreb at the age of 51, after coming down with pneumonia on a business trip.
	www.infoforyou.org /input.php?title=Slavoljub_Eduard_Penkala (256 words)

	TOZ Penkala d.d.
		Engineer Slavoljub Penkala is one of the most important inventers at the beginning of the 20th century, born on April 28, 1871.
		Penkala pencils and ink pens are exported to more than seventy countries worldwide, and in 1911, the company increases their work force from 300 to 800 workers.
		Engineer Penkala not only registers his pattents, but goes into manufacturing of the airplanes according to his designs and ideas, which he completes in 1909, and flies it it 1910.
	kenny2.globalnet.hr /www.toz-penkala.hr/main.asp?id=223 (561 words)

	About Eduard Slavoljub Penkala (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Penkala was born on 20 April 1871 in Liptovsky St Mikulas (today in the Slovak Republic), to a Polish father and a Dutch mother.
		Penkala found the city stimulating, and he soon became a high ranking official in the Austro-Hungarian Ministry of Finance.
		Slavoljub Penkala not only continued to hold his demanding job at the Ministry, but began to develop a new idea.
	www.penkala.net /Penkala/penkala.html (682 words)

	News Story \| Serbianna.com
		Slavoljub Penkala's mechanical pencil, which uses a mechanism to push a long lead refill, received the patent as the first such pencil in the world in 1906.
		The pencil, called Penkala, "was one of the first and perhaps the most important patent among the writing instruments of the 20th century," said Miroslav Tischler, a collector and expert on pencils and pens.
		Penkala was born in Slovakia but lived and worked in Croatia until his 1922 death.
	www.serbianna.com /news/2006/01131.html (245 words)

	TOZ Penkala d.d.
		Krunoslav Penkala, the son of Slavoljub Penkala, designed this anniversary set of writing utensils.
		Today, using the materials and possibilities of modern manufacturing, he brought new possibilities and improvements from his father Slavoljub Penkala, in invention of mechanical, i.e.
		During the twentieth anniversary of his most importaint inventions, TOZ released a new series of fountain pens and automatic pencils which bare the copywrite of Krunoslav Penkala and are registered with the State ministry for intelectual property of the Republic of Croatia.
	kenny2.globalnet.hr /www.toz-penkala.hr/main.asp?id=222 (143 words)

	Pen - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		There are two basic types of the ballpoint pen: disposable and refillable.
		A mechanical pencil that was very similar or the same as the ballpoint pen was first patented on January 24, 1906 by the Croatian scientist Slavoljub Penkala.
		The typical ball point pen was invented in 1938 by the Hungarian journalist Laszlo Biro.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Pen (645 words)

	Croatia - Croatian National Tourist Board (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Penkala sported thick, fl moustaches; he combed his hair straight back; his eyes were full of life.
		Penkala was a fierce opponent of Hungarian rule and was irate and unhappy with having to register every one of his patents with the Royal Hungarian Patent Office.
		However, his knowledge, education and abilities were respected by even the Hungarian authorities, and on January 2, 1917, he was appointed to the post of senior controller with an annual salary of 2800 kronen and an allowance for rent.
	www.croatia.hr /English/Penkala/Zivot.aspx (412 words)

	Pen
		The inventor of the first pen (which was a mechanical graphite pencil) was Slavoljub Penkala and the device was named that way.
		Penkala later invented and perfected the fountain pen.
		The patent for the mechanical pencil was obtained in 1906.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/p/pe/pen.html (271 words)

	Useful Information about language and products in Croatia
		Slavoljub Penkala is known as one of the most famous European inventors who in 1906 invented the first pen and in 1907 the first fountain pen.
		The Penkala ball point pen is considered to be the authentic Croatian souvenir today witnessing the importance of Zagreb as an industrial, commercial and cultural centre in the beginning of the 20th century.
		Every "penkala" pen is a unique souvenir, it has its serial number and the certificate in Croatian and 12 more languages.
	www.damen-croatia.com /Useful_Information_1/page_1326895.html (988 words)

	Slavoljub Penkala
		Eduard Slavoljub Penkala, the extraordinary inventor and innovator.
		The Moster family's wealth had been earned by diligence and shrewdness, and Edmund and his brother Mavro immediately recognized the huge potential of Penkala's invention.
		He was at the peak of his creative powers, and how many of his ideas remained unrealized we will never know.
	www.timun.hr /Slavoljub.htm (643 words)

	Slavoljub Penkala - InfoSearchPoint.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Slavoljub Eduard Penkala (April 20, 1871 - February 5, 1922) was a naturalized-Croatian engineer of chemistry and an inventor of the first mechanical pencil (1906) (then called "automatic pencil") and the first solid-ink fountain pen (1907).
		He was associated with "Radium Vinovica", a patent-medicine-like product, presumably either misleadingly named or dangerous quackery.
		Penkala was born in Liptowsky st. Mikulaš (in what is now Slovakia), added "Slavoljub" to his name after immigrating, and died in Zagreb of pneumonia at the age of 51.
	www.infosearchpoint.com /display/Penkala (161 words)

	CATSEA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		And then there are authentic souvenirs, a truly unique way of showing you have not forgotten - you were probably not aware that Croatia is the birthplace of the necktie, nor that the first ball-point pen was invented in Zagreb by Slavoljub Penkala, a multitalented inventor with over 80 patents to his name.
		Slavoljub Penkala organized the first public flight in presence of Zagreb citizens on June 23 1910.
		In his concept of construction Penkala was undouptedly inspired by bird flight, and his main aim was to achieve safe and stable flight, a trend maintained to this day.
	www.crocontrol.hr /huitopz/WelcomeZgb.htm (894 words)

	The Ultimate Ballpoint pen Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		An earlier patent on the same basic idea, dated 1888, was unused and expired.
		Slavoljub Penkala had invented a solid-ink fountain pen in 1907.
		In addition, it has been argued that a design, by Galileo (during the 17th century), was that of a ballpoint pen.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Biro (976 words)

	Croatian tourist magazine - Reports - Croatica.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It was on that airfield that Penkala flew a plane several hundred meters, before a crowd of excited viewers.
		He founded the "Elevator" chemical industry which was first to produce washing powders, preparations for rheumatic pains, sealing wax, preparations for the proofing of wood etc. But most successful was the "Penkala-Moster" factory (in 1911, due to a lack of funds, Penkala made a rather unfavorable deal with the Moster brothers, manufacturers from Zagreb).
		The ingenious innovativeness of Slavoljub Penkala was abruptly ended by his death of pneumonia in 3 1922.
	www.croatica.net /en/magazin/reportaze/default.asp?id=5 (602 words)

	Croatia Shopping - Reviews, Tips, Photos - VirtualTourist.com
		Eduard Slavoljub Penkala (1871 — 1922) was Zagreb-based extraordinary inventor and innovator, known by its aim to make practical devices simpler, more useful and of a higher quality.
		Zagreb factory became one of the largest and most modern in Europe, thanks to its modern operating methods and the unprecedented care it took of its workers.
		Penkala was also fascinated by the first flights of the Wright brothers and other pioneers of aviation, and became determined to design the first Croatian aircraft.
	www.virtualtourist.com /travel/Europe/Croatia/Shopping-Croatia-R-3.html (1261 words)

	(E) 135 years since the birth of Slavoljub Penkala, inventor of fountain pen, January 26, 2006
		(E) 135 years since the birth of Slavoljub Penkala, inventor of fountain pen
		(E) 135 years since the birth of Slavoljub Penkala, inventor of fountain pen, January 26, 2006
		If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient, please delete or destroy all copies of this communication and please, let us know!
	www.croatianworld.net /Letters/5901.htm (110 words)

	eurail
		Croatia will be celebrating the 150th anniversary of his birth with numerous manifestations, scientific meetings, lectures and other festivities.
		Slavoljub Penkala was holder of over 70 patents among which in 1906 he created the first mechanical pencil, which became known as ballpoint pen; 2006 is a 100 year anniversary of this invention.
		Rijeka is all the more affirming itself as a city of culture, Carnivals and fun.
	eurail.lwb-online.info /index.php?view=cms_548 (561 words)

	Croatian Inventions and People
		All right, everyone heard of Goran Ivanisevic, but did you know that the neck tie and the mechanical pen are Croatian inventions?
		Slavoljub Penkala filed for a patent for a "mechanical pencil" in 1906.
		Neck tie, or cravat (kravata, krawate, derived from Croat), was first worn by Croatian soldiers in the European Thirty Year War (1618-1648)
	kornati.hypermart.net /croinventionsandpeople.html (418 words)

	SEND International - Christian Missions
		Despite arguments to the contrary, Dalmatia hotly contests its right to be considered the original home of the popular fl-and-white spotted dogs made popular by Disney.
		The world's first mechanical pencil was invented in Zagreb in 1906 by Slavoljub Penkala.
		He held patents for at least 69 other inventions.
	www.send.org /croatia/culture.htm (230 words)

	Main Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		- Ball point pen - PENKALA, used by almost everyone, almost everyday, almost everywhere.
		It was invented here by Slavoljub Penkala over 80 years ago.
		"Penkala", as we like to call it, is a famous Zagreb souvenir.
	www.dubrovniktravel.com /english/html/giftideas.htm (296 words)

	iTA / Croatia / Uniqueness / Croatian celebrities
		MESTROVIC, IVAN (1883-1962.) famous Croatian sculptor; he created monumental sculptures with national thematic; he worked in the USA where he made his best known sculpture is "Indians" in Chicago
		PENKALA, SLAVOLJUB (1871-1922.) inventor of the mechanical pencil and fountain pen in 1906 and of the first Croatian two-seater plane
		POLO, MARCO (1254-1324.) Venetian adventurer and explorer; meritorious for his explorations of China; according to tradition, born on Korcula island
	www.ita.hr /eng/croatia/uniqueness/celebrities.asp (634 words)

	Soccer Fans Network Forums - Things you probabbly don't know about Croatia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The first parachute was invented by a Croat Faust Vrancic
		Slavoljub Penkala invented the ball point pen and fountain pen
		Ivan Vucetic invented dactyloscopy — a method of indentification based on fingerprints
	forums.soccerfansnetwork.com /printthread.php?t=36221 (1733 words)

	History of Croatian Science
		Eduard (Slavoljub) Penkala (1871-1922), born in Slovakia to a Polish/Dutch family, became naturalized Croat when after his marriage his family immigrated to Zagreb.
		He invented the mechanical pen in 1906 and fountain pen in 1907 which are bearing his name and now they are in everyday use.
		Indeed, the name of "pen" is derived from his family name, and the name of "penkala" is also in use today for the chemical pen.
	www.croatianhistory.net /etf/et22.html (13029 words)

	Penkalomania
		Eduard Slavoljub Penkala was an inventor whose best known invention, the mechanical pencil, or, "Penkala" inspired a wave of "Penkalomania".
		I have no idea if we're related, but I have to say the word "Penkalomania" does have a ring to it.
		For more information on E.S. Penkala check out this site:
	users.myexcel.com /jmrpenkal/Penkalomania/penkalomania.html (51 words)

	canaglic Home Page - VirtualTourist.com
		Is there something about Croatia worthy to get your attention?!
		The Propelling Pencil you write with every day is a Croatian invention and was patented by Zagreb resident Slavoljub Penkala?!
		The Tie, inevitable garment is offspring of the cravat is a scarf worn by Croatian soldiers centuries ago?!
	members.virtualtourist.com /m/1e056 (735 words)

	Igor`s home page
		If you know of any good modeling and aviation related sites, please share them with me!
		I am a member of the Slavoljub Penkala modeling club which is based in Zagreb, Croatia.
		As well as providing a link to the club`s home page, I will present all relevant info on the club`s activities such as competitions and exhibitions.
	members.tripod.com /hey_yippee (176 words)

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