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	The Slovak Republic
		Slovak Catholics (85% of the population) were not allowed by the Czech government to form their own party, so they concluded an agreement with the Democratic Party, as a result of which that party obtained 62 percent of all Slovak votes.
		In 1950 four Slovak Catholic bishops were arrested and the Greek Catholic Church, with 305,000 faithful, was formally suppressed and forcibly merged with the Orthodox Church and subordinated to the Patriarchate of Moscow.
		One item to consider in reviewing literature is the fact that prior to the eighteenth century many works written by Slovaks were not written in the Slovak language, and therefore, it becomes difficult to determine the literature of this period, if no author is stated, was written by a Slovak or not.
	www.tccweb.org /slovakrep.htm (8379 words)

	Slovak literature on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		SLOVAK LITERATURE [Slovak literature] The earliest documents written in the Slovak language date from the 15th cent.
		The Slovak language was first codified by Anton Bernolák (1762-1813), but its final standardization was brought about by L'udovít Štúr and his collaborators, who introduced the speech of central Slovakia as the basis for modern literary Slovak.
		De-collectivization in Czech and Slovak agriculture: an institutional explanation.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/s/slovakli.asp (588 words)

	Slovak language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Slovak is a Western Slavonic language spoken by about 5.6 million people in Slovakia and also in Canada, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Ukraine and the USA.
		Slovak is closely related to Czech, Polish, and Sorbian.
		Slovak literature flourished between 1918 and 1938 when the Slovak-speaking area became part of Czechoslovakia, though the Czech majority did not all recognise the separate status of the Slovak language.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/slovak.htm (206 words)

	History of Slovak Literature
		And so it is with Slovak literature: in its maturity, it is a distinguished member of the European family of literatures.
		Slovak literature itself can be compared to Cinderella: the beauty, ability, and potential for fame are there, but it is unknown, or at any rate less well known than it deserves to be-to the English-speaking word, at any rate.
		Like Czech, Polish and Ukrainian writing, Slovak literature transcended the merely literary to become an influential political and cultural tool: Slovak writers and poets played an important role in promoting and protecting the culture and language of their people against invading cultures.
	www.slovakheritage.org /Shopping/Books/history.htm (546 words)

	CHAPTER IV
		A central role of the Slovak language became the defence of the Slovak National Revival, reinforced by the theme of individualization introduced by túr and his followers.
		The revival of cultural activity at the time of the memorandum of the Slovak nation (1861) and the foundation of Matica Slovenská (1863), were central to the philosophical ideals of the túrian group in the field of adult education and the creation or expansion of literacy.
		Literature began again to delineate culture, for it provided a more realistic aesthetic and stylistic form for national life, but its first task was the ideological defence of the national idea.
	www.crvp.org /book/Series04/IVA-5/chapter_iv.htm (4720 words)

	SLOVAKIA.ORG - Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The linguist and Slovak nationalist L’udovít Štúr, a contemporary of Kollár and Šafárik’s, rejected the Czech influence and set out to develop a more authentic literary Slovak; his language was adopted by a group of Slovak poets, whose work dealt largely with national Slovak themes.
		Poetry remained an important literary form into the 20th century, and was used by some Slovak writers to address the experience of World War II and the rise of Communism.
		Slovak modern art is influenced both by Slovakian folklore and European art and is represented today by numerous artistic associations.
	www.slovakia.org /culture1.htm (1477 words)

	AllRefer.com - Slovak literature (Russian And Eastern European Literature) - Encyclopedia
		The Slovak language was first codified by Anton BernolAk (1762–1813), but its final standardization was brought about by L'udovIt stUr and his collaborators, who introduced the speech of central Slovakia as the basis for modern literary Slovak.
		Slovak poetry includes JAn Smrek's sensuous and Emil Boleslav LukAc's religious lyrics, along with the humanitarian, patriotic verse of Andrej Zarnov (pseud.
		The poet and novelist Janko JesenkY escaped the conventions of Slovak romanticism.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Slovakli.html (499 words)

	Slovak literature. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The earliest documents written in the Slovak language date from the 15th cent.
		Slovak romantic poetry of the early 19th cent.
		The poet and novelist Janko Jesenký escaped the conventions of Slovak romanticism.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sl/Slovakli.html (425 words)

	SLOVAK LITERATURE
		Hollý is venerated as the founding father of Slovak poetry, and there are strong touches of lyric freshness in his fusion of classical and Slovak idiom, especially in his Theocritan pastoral verse.
		Slovak fiction was ostensibly somewhat in the shadow of poetry.
		Slovak Surrealism's main poet was Rudolf Fabry (1915-82), remarkable for startling imagery as indicated by titles such as Uťaté ruky (Severed Arms, 1935), Vodné hodiny piesočné (Waterclock Sandglass, 1938), and Ja je niekto iný (I Is Someone Else, 1946).
	users.ox.ac.uk /~tayl0010/slovaklit.htm (5364 words)

	TRANS Nr. 14: Veronika Wöhrer: The Tradition of Literature
		Nevertheless, the activities of female Slovak nationalists should not be underestimated: As Jana Cviková argues in her paper, “An der Seite ihrer Männer und ihrer Nation: Die ersten slowakischen Schriftstellerinnen in der Bewegung”,(9) Christian rhetoric might have been used for tactical reasons.
		Slovak women activists developed their own ideas of women’s emancipation independently from – and sometimes in opposition to - their male nationalist colleagues: They were active for women’s and girls’ education and supported women’s economic independence.
		So literature is not only a popular means of expression among active women and a field of experimentalism in Aspekt magazine, but at the same time it also seems to be a way of disseminating feminist ideas with far greater outreach than that of feminist theory or research.
	www.inst.at /trans/14Nr/woehrer14.htm (3487 words)

	Slovak Literature (Petro, Naughton, March) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Slovak literature from this period, however, was hardly known outside Slovakia, and little-read even by Czechs, as Jan Novak points out in his entertaining Commies, Crooks, Gypsies, Spooks and Poets (S. Royalton, Vt.: Steerforth Press, 1995).
		However, in addition to a history of Slovak literature (quite close to Petro's, although much shorter), it includes a list of nearly all major translations of Slovak literature available in English, with full bibliographical information for anyone interested in looking up these relatively rare and often out-of-print texts.
		Interestingly, one of the authors in the Hungarian section is Lajos Grendel, a member of Slovakia's Hungarian minority and a graduate of the University of Bratislava.
	aatseel.org /book-reviews/petro.html (1006 words)

	Czech literature. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Until c.1400, Czech literature consisted mainly of Latin chronicles (Cosmas of Prague, 1125) and of Czech hymns, tales of chivalry, and romances in verse.
		ech, Jan Neruda, and Joseph V. Sládek and the novels of Alois Jirásek achieved fame, literature was oriented toward the intellectual and the bourgeois.
		In the period from 1918 to 1938 Czech literature was the most cosmopolitan of the Slavonic literatures; at the same time native themes were cultivated.
	www.bartleby.com /65/cz/Czechlit.html (664 words)

	Slovak literature - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Slovak literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It served as a medium for literary patriots such as L'udovít Štur, and came of age in the 20th century in fine lyric poetry such as that of Ivan Krasko, a Symbolist, and Vojtech Mihálik.
		Like Czech literature, Slovak literature suffered repression under the communist regime of Czechoslovakia 1948–89 but is enjoying a revival since the secession of the independent Slovak republic.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Slovak+literature (142 words)

	Czech and Slovak Collections: Overviews of the Collections (European Reading Room, Library of Congress)
		The essence of Czech and Slovak history and culture, as it is reflected in published works, is well represented in the Library of Congress.
		For the study of Czech and Slovak politics before the First World War (when both the Czech Lands and Slovakia were parts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire) the LC offers an excellent documentation: the almost complete stenographic protocols of the Vienna parliament (Reichsrat) in the years 1861-1918 preserved on microfilm.
		Especially valuable among the periodicals published by Czechs and Slovaks in the United States is the complete run of the newspaper Slavie, which was published in Racine and Chicago from 1861 to 1918 (18 microfilm reels).
	www.loc.gov /rr/european/coll/czec.html (2156 words)

	Czech literature -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Slovak dialects are related to Czech, but they have been distinct since the Middle Ages.
		No systematic attempt was made, however, to develop a Slovak literary language, although in the 18th century devotional texts were produced with increasingly local flavour, and Josef Ignác Bajza wrote the didactic novel René (1783–85) in heavily Slovak-influenced Czech.
		Traditionally it is held to have begun in 842 with the Oath of Strasbourg, a political pact between Louis the German and Charles the Bald, the text of which survives in Old French.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9028459?&query=czech (839 words)

	PAVEL ORSZAGH HVIEZDOSLAV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		During those many centuries of Magyar domination, Fate blessed the Slovaks with many illustrious, nationally-conscious authors and poets to keep alive the fires of Slovak spirit, the fires of Slovak nationalism, which ever smouldered in the bosoms of their oppressed kinsmen.
		He has enriched Slovak literature with some 15 volumes of original poetry and with many volumes of translations of the classical works of Goethe, Mickiewicz, Pushkin, Shakespeare and Slowacki.
		In 1861, a Slovak cultural institute was established in the city of Turciansky Sv.
	www.iarelative.com /nss1946/orszagh.htm (417 words)

	The My Hero Project - Slovak Heroes
		In the 1700s, he was the captain of a gang of robbers that took justice into their own hands by distributing money and goods from the aristocracy and giving them to the poor people.
		"He was the only Slovak modernist who was able to incorporate and interpret folk art elements into the progressive thinking of European avant-garde," said Katarina Cierna, the curator of the Fulla and Folk Art Exhibition, in an interview with www.slovakradio.sk.
		His main contribution to Slovak literature was his work on developing the Slovak literary language.
	myhero.com /myhero/hero.asp?hero=slovakheroes (2126 words)

	Russian and Slovak Faculty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Gerald J. Sabo is responsible for the Slavic languages area--i.e., specifically Russian, Slovak, and Czech.
		John Carroll is one of two universities in the entire United States where Slovak is taught as a regular undergraduate course during the academic year.
		Sabo is co-authoring a history of Slovak literature to the 1840s that will be published by Slavica Publishers at Indiana University.
	www.jcu.edu /language/Russian_Slovak_Faculty.htm (179 words)

	Slovak literature
		The Slovak language was first codified by Anton Bernolák (1762–1813), but its final standardization was brought about by L'udovít Štúr and his collaborators, who introduced the speech of central Slovakia as the basis for modern literary Slovak.
		Realism in Slovak prose is represented by the works of Martin Kukučín (1860–1928), by the village novels of Elena Marothy-Soltesova (1855–1939), Timrava (pseud.
		Czech literature: Bibliography - Bibliography See W. Harkins, ed., Anthology of Czech Literature (1953); M. Encyclopedia: Russian and Eastern European Literature - Encyclopeadia articles concerning Russian and Eastern European Literature.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/ent/A0845562.html (405 words)

	UofC Slavic Department: Courses
		A survey of Czech and Slovak literature from the ninth century until the beginning of the nineteenth century.
		The main purpose of this course is to introduce the exceptionally culturally and literarily rich and diverse South Slavic literatures of the pre-Romantic period.
		SOSL 37100 THE BOSNIAN ETHNIC CAULDRON: LITERATURE OF IVO ANDRIC
	humanities.uchicago.edu /depts/slavic/courses.html (6866 words)

	FOS Creates Library of Contemporary Slovak Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Friends of Slovakia Library will be primarily dedicated to Slovak contemporary literature, with each year's collection devoted to the work of a different Slovak publishing house.
		The Library will be a repository of contemporary Slovak literature and ideas and thus help expand American understanding of current Slovak culture.
		The Friends of Slovakia and the Slovak Embassy intend to develop the Library through annual inductions and seminars on contemporary Slovak literature.
	www.friendsofslovakia.org /fos/news/news02.htm (360 words)

	CER \| Bookshop: Czech Republic & Slovakia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The only comprehensive history of Slovakia in English, this work is somewhat marred by the author's attempt to "justify" the crimes of the Slovak state during the Second World War.
		A good panorama of the "ethnopolitics" of Czechoslovakia from the creation of the state in 1918 to the "velvet divorce" of 1992.
		As a Czech exile and teacher of English literature, the protagonist Danny's mind wanders between his hours spent teaching at a high school in the snow-covered Canadian plains and his youth in war-time Bohemia.
	www.ce-review.org /books/czechslovakbooks.html (2371 words)

	Courses for foreign students
		The course will be structured chronologically and will pursue the basic trends and tendencies in the evolution of Slovak literature from the medieval period to the present day, focusing primarily on the events of the 19th and 20th centuries.
		Students will use the lecturer's recently published textbook, Slovak for You, which is the first textbook presenting Slovak from the point of view of an English speaker, on the basis of the findings of contemporary contracting linguistics and modern communicative methods.
		As a Fulbright lecturer she taught Slovak language and culture at John Carroll University in the USA, and her textbook Slovak for You was written in connection with this experience.
	www.fphil.uniba.sk /Courses_for_foreign_students/courses_for_foreign_students.html (2202 words)

	US.FULBRIGHTONLINE.ORG \|\| Program Resources - Europe and Eurasia - Slovakia (Slovak Republic)
		Language Knowledge of Slovak is required commensurate with the level needed for the proposed independent research such as political science, or anthropology.
		In fields such as Slovak literature, language, and history, knowledge of Slovak is essential.
		Independent research Applicants must present evidence of consultation with relevant scholars in the Slovak Republic regarding the feasibility of their proposed projects and the availability of related resources.
	us.fulbrightonline.org /program_country.php?id=95 (549 words)

	The Slovak-American International Cultural Foundation, a not-for-profit organization promoting knowledge about the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Lame, hurt by the many isms of the 20th Century, but pregnant not only with music, but also with literature and art.
		Let us work together to bring this literature and art to America and all the World so that humanity may be enriched.
		SLOVAK LITERATURE AND ART: Our Best Ambassador and Our Most Viable Contribution to the World.
	www.slovakculture.org (85 words)

	bolchazy.com: New Titles — In Search of Homo Sapiens: 25 Contemporary Slovak Short Stories
		In Search of Homo Sapiens, an anthology containing 23 short stories by contemporary Slovak writers, was published recently in Slovakia by the Slovak Writers Society (SSS), while the English version was issued in the US by an Illinois-based firm.
		The older, 1960s generation of Slovak writers are represented by Vincent ikula with 'Grannie', a story of a young boy in the care of a dying woman, as well as 'The Order of Wolves' by Hana Zelinová, who became known for her historical novels and children's books.
		Pavol Hudik, a leading figure in disseminating the gowing body of writing by his countrymen to the rest of the world, provides a short essay on the historical context of Slovak literature as well as brief biographical sketches and a short prefatory passage or two.
	www.bolchazy.com /prod.php?cat=new&id=5327 (763 words)

	Non-stop Czech and Slovak Literature reading - 31-05-2002 - Radio Prague
		The marathon is the biggest presentation of Czech and Slovak literature in the world.
		I won't mention any names, because our slogan is that the non-stop readings from Czech and Slovak literature never has V.I.Ps - all the readers are equally important to us.
		Srp, the main purpose of this non-commercial literary event is to promote knowledge of Czech and Slovak literature abroad.
	www.radio.cz /en/article/28532/limit (755 words)

	Amazon.ca: A history of Slovak literature: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Peter Petro has written a highly readable and entertaining history of 1000 years of Slovak literature.
		After reading the fascinating chapter on Medieval works, I found myself, like Petro, in sympathy with medieval man. A must-read is the legend of St. Svorad and Benedikt (pp.10-11) as well as the Janosik myth.
		We learn not only about Slovak literature but its' music as well as the author includes info (and lyrics) on the different genres of the lyric song.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0773514023 (480 words)

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