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	Slum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Slums are usually characterized by urban blight and by high rates of poverty and unemployment.
		Slums are also different from favelas or shanty towns, in that they consist of permanent (if low-quality) housing rather than less-durable shacks of cardboard or corrugated iron.
		Slum clearance often takes the form of eminent domain and urban renewal projects, and often the former residents are not welcome in the renewed housing.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Slum (621 words)

	Meenar's World: Economics of Slum Clearance
		The paper focuses on the slum clearance issue of Dhaka, the capital City of Bangladesh, which is one of the poorest countries of the world.
		In 1975, slums were evicted from Dhaka by force and slum dwellers were resettled in the nearby outskirts of the city.
		Slum clearance issue should be considered as a national one and have to be addressed not only by the Govt.
	meenar71.tripod.com /portfolio/papers/economic.htm (3006 words)

	United Nation Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
		Although the two activities often went hand in hand, slum clearance achieved its own rationale when governments saw it as their responsibility to rid cities of the unhealthy and unsightly slums and shanty settlements that were springing up at an ever-increasing rate.
		Slum clearance programmes usually concentrated on the removal of self-built shanties instead of dealing with overcrowded, run-down central area slums in old buildings which presented much more difficult problems involving complicated ownership networks and issues of design and construction in or close to central business districts.
		Thus, slum clearance tended to be merely slum relocation as households were forced to start the painful and alienating process of once again illegally setting up their homes in a different place, while waiting for the next round of slum clearance to catch up with them.
	www.unescap.org /pdd/prs/ProjectActivities/Prior2003/living/l1-3.asp (7306 words)

	Slums
		During the nineteenth century, slum clearance in London was done by the philanthropic middle class and government agencies under the pretense of providing better housing for the poor of London.
		Slum clearance created more problems for the poor than it solved as they were usually displaced from their homes; and since there was no public housing yet, they were left with no place to go.
		Slum clearance was cheap for the middle class, cheaper than developing a welfare state, a minimum wage or even lowering the price of food and clothing in the city.
	www.macalester.edu /courses/GEOG61/buittenbogaa/slums.html (600 words)

	The Newark Metro: Planning, Slum Clearance and the Road to Crisis in Newark
		The city planners whom the civic elite hired confirmed this conceit and affirmed that the clearance of slums and their replacement by new buildings were the solution to the city’s woes.
		Committed to the idea of slum clearance, Danzig was blind to the barren grounds of public housing projects and the vacant lots that littered the city as the result of wholesale slum clearance.
		Clearance of the area would drive away some of Newark’s African Americans, complicate the voter residency requirements for those who remained and permit the gerrymandering of ward boundaries.
	www.newarkmetro.rutgers.edu /print.php?ID=173 (3359 words)

	© Planning As Environmental Improvement: Slum Clearance In Victorian Edinburgh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		At a minimum, slum clearance was supposed to lead to an improved standard of health and housing for the working classes; at best, it was believed that the slum population would be uplifted, socially and morally.
		As in Leith in 1880, the original clearance areas were delimited not by need but by the tolerance of the ratepayers, and the planning processes in both communities were dominated by the search for an acceptable compromise between public costs and the desire to restore the slums to 'social and commercial respectability'.
		A simple scenario was composed: slum clearance had made Edinburgh a healthier city; the removal of the remaining slums would make it healthier still; from which emerged the practical target of reducing the crude death rate of the old town to the level of the rest of the city.
	www.st-andrews.ac.uk /jfec/cal/urban/core2/text/sutc612a.htm (8878 words)

	Indian State - Tamil Nadu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The residents of the slums located in congested unhygienic areas of the urban centres are rehoused in multi-storeyed tenements in the same areas.
		The Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board is providing multi storeyed tenements to resettle the slum families living in areas where in, "as is where is" development is not feasible and dense in nature.
		The slum clearance programme envisages the storeyed tenements with adequate infrastructure like water supply, sewerage, roads and street lights etc. The eligible slum families are enumerated and identity cards are issued.
	www.indiainbusiness.nic.in /indian-states/tamilnadu/HousPol.htm (5450 words)

	In June 1996, nations from all over the world assembled at Istanbul and committed themselves to the improvement of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Several studies have established that the existence of slums is a reflection of the distortions in urban housing markets.
		This is in the form of further densification of existing slums and growth of new slums.
		The Maharashtra Slum Areas Act, 2001 is in contradiction to national policies in the sector that have been based on scientific analysis of urban issues.
	www.doccentre.org /eldoc/urban_issues/uu1_M020.html (1718 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Slum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Born one of 11 children in a Copenhagen slum, he spent his impoverished childhood largely on the island of Bornholm.
		A Protestant, he grew up in the slum district of Dublin and was active in various socialist movements and in the rebellions for Irish independence.
		Sue's popular and sensational tales of the Parisian underworld and slum life embraced humanitarian and reform ideals.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Slum (413 words)

	tonevendor.com :. Siddeleys - Slum Clearance CD
		All that remained for Siddeleys fans was the hope of finding a spare copy of one of their two insanely rare singles-sometimes fetching upwards of £50 each-and the memory of two John Peel sessions.
		Slum Clearance collects sixteen songs from the singles, Peel sessions, and two compilation appearances in one beautiful historical artefact complete with photos and extensive linernotes.
		The sadness of listening to Slum Clearance comes not from the poignant verses that are actually as uplifting as they are melancholic, but from the knowledge that what could have followed such supreme beginnings will never be known.
	tonevendor.com /view.php?id=3971 (248 words)

	The Upper West Side Book: Central Park West: CPW Condos: Park West Village: 392 Central Park West (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Later that year, the committee reported on their findings and requested action on a slum clearance and public housing project for the Bloomingdale section west of Central Park.
		On June 11, the Slum Clearance Committee asked the Board of Estimate to institute foreclosure proceedings and take back the property in the name of the city so that it could be turned over to a new sponsor....Under the arrangement, Webb and Knapp would not merely insure Manhattantown's principals against any liability to the city.
		Slum clearance and urban renewal plans were no longer to be considered easy panaceas.
	www.thecityreview.com /uws/cpw/cpw392.html (1525 words)

	Tomorrow's History - Item Result
		The foundations of modern slum clearance were laid by the Greenwood Act and the national scheme of slum clearance began oofficially in 1933 Darlington Corporation began renovating some of its earliest industrial houses in the town centre.
		Priority was given to council-house building after the war and it was 1954 before slum clearance on a major scale began under the terms of the Housing Repairs and Rent Act of that year.It was planned that over 700 houses would be demolished over a five year period.
		During the 1970's and 1980's,further schemes of slum clearance were implemented as a result of a major report produced by Darlington's Housing Officer in 1975.
	www.tomorrows-history.com /Items/OriginalIE/ItemDA0500550001.htm (504 words)

	CHAPTER 45. SLUM CLEARANCE AND REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY LAW (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		(2) "Authority" or "slum clearance and redevelopment authority" means a public body, corporate and politic, created by or pursuant to § 4503 of this title or any housing authority or community exercising the powers, rights and duties of a slum clearance and redevelopment authority pursuant to § 4503 of this title.
		Acquire slum areas or blighted areas or portions thereof, including lands, structures or improvements the acquisition of which is necessary or incidental to the proper clearance, development or redevelopment of such slum or blighted areas or to the prevention of the spread or recurrence of slum conditions or conditions of blight;
		The powers under this chapter vested in each slum clearance and redevelopment authority shall be exercised by the board of commissioners thereof.
	www.delcode.state.de.us /title31/c045 (5954 words)

	SOWETO PROJECT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Slum clearance in the Western Areas of Johannesburg occupied the efforts of the town council for many years.
		Similar attempts of slum clearance in Alexandra resulted in communities removed from this township being resettled in Diepkloof and Meadowlands.
		These were to implement slum clearance by forcibly removing Africans from the Western Areas of Johannesburg and relocating them to Soweto and, to become a local authority in charge of communities from the Western Areas resettled in Meadowlands, Diepkloofand Rockville.
	www.sahistory.org.za /pages/town&c/villages/gauteng/soweto/history3.htm (605 words)

	Urban Renewal
		Including massive demolition, slum clearance, and rehabilitation, urban renewal proceeded initially from local and state legislation, which in Illinois included the Neighborhood Redevelopment Corporation Act of 1941 (amended in 1953), the Blighted Areas Redevelopment Act of 1947, the Relocation Act of 1947, and the Urban Community Conservation Act of 1953.
		The earliest emphasis was placed on slum clearance or “redevelopment,” which was followed by a focused effort to conserve threatened but not yet deteriorated neighborhoods.
		First, it expanded the city's power of eminent domain and enabled it to seize property for the new “public purposes” of slum clearance or prevention.
	www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /pages/1295.html (1074 words)

	World Bank Urban Services to the Poor-Is Demolition the Way to Go?
		As a result, in the mid-1970s the Slum Clearance Board restricted such activities to floodprone areas and to those places in the city where land would be taken for highways or other public purposes (Seguchi, 1985).
		The inability of slum clearance, relocation, and public housing policies alone to deal effectively with the problems of slum dwellers or to provide other services needed by growing numbers of poor households in urban settlements became clear by the early 1970s.
		The poor cannot afford much of the public housing that replaces slum dwellings and, thus, the destruction of slum communities often reduces the stock of low-income housing and worsens overcrowding in low-rent units.
	www.worldbank.org /urban/upgrading/demolition.html (628 words)

	Search Results for "Slum"
		In that year the slum was arraigned in the churches.
		Inflected forms: slummed, slum·ming, slums To visit impoverished areas or squalid locales,...
		To me the whole battle with the slum had summed itself up in the struggle with this dark spot.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Slum (364 words)

	Matinée Catalog - matcd005
		Slum Clearance, which gathers nearly all of the Siddeleys output, reveals its exceptional status from the first hair raising jangles.
		It's a damn shame, because as Slum Clearance, a compilation of pretty much everything the band recorded between 1986 and 1989, amply proves, The Siddeleys were more than the equal of many better-known jangle-pop bands of the era.
		Without a doubt, Slum Clearance is one of the best albums of 2001, even if the songs in it were originally released more than ten years ago.
	www.indiepages.com /matinee/catalog/cd005.html (3341 words)

	In Search of The "New Jerusalem": Slum Clearance in St. John's, 1921-1944
		Consequently, the city's efforts to undertake any substantial expenditure in town planning and slum clearance were marked by acrimonious debate between the Newfoundland Government and the City Council as to whether St. John's could afford such improvements, a situation which Canadian municipalities by their very existence of full incorporation did not have to confront.
		The social, fire and public health problems associated with this slum area were also being duplicated in a new slum which had grown up in the suburb bounded by Merrymeeting Road to the south and the Old Railway Road (now Empire Avenue) to the north.
		With regard to the city's slum problem, Dunfield and the Corporation had subsequently decided that it was first necessary to build a sufficient number of new houses in order to ensure that the total number available both in the city and the northern suburb would exceed the total number of families.
	www.ucs.mun.ca /~melbaker/JERUSALE.HTM (8134 words)

	36-1476 - Slum clearance and redevelopment commission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		A. In addition to the other powers conferred by this article a municipality by resolution of its governing body may create a slum clearance and redevelopment commission, which shall be an agent of the municipality for the exercise of powers of the municipality under this article.
		Three of the commissioners first appointed pursuant to this article shall be designated to serve for terms of one, two and three years respectively and two commissioners shall be appointed for four years each, from the date of their appointment.
		D. The powers delegated by a municipality to a slum clearance and redevelopment commission shall be exercised by the commissioners.
	www.azleg.state.az.us /ars/36/01476.htm (459 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - slum clearance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		SLUM CLEARANCE [slum clearance] see housing ; city planning.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "slum clearance" at HighBeam.
		A City without Slums: Urban Renewal; Public Housing and Downtown Revitalization in Kansas City, Missouri.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/X/X-slumclea.asp (232 words)

	BBC News \| South Asia \| Slum clearance ban extended
		The court, hearing a petition by groups representing slum dwellers, ruled that the authorities should provide evidence to back up claims that the slums are a haven for criminals.
		As the court was hearing the petition, thousands of slum dwellers took to the streets and blocked traffic on three roads connecting Dhaka with nearby Mirpur.
		Many slum dwellers have been critical of the reaction to their predicament from international aid agencies, and human rights groups.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/south_asia/418416.stm (395 words)

	Big Apple History . Building the Big Apple . Slum Clearance \| PBS KIDS GO!
		The focus of this project was only on improving physical housing: the living, vibrant neighborhoods and communities that existed around the slums were not considered in the process of slum clearance.
		Title 1 was publicly intended to relieve the post-war housing crisis, as soldiers returned, families grew, and immigrants arrived, and to provide affordable housing for the poor.
		Title 1 slum clearance funds were made available only if every building in a designated area could be slotted for destruction.
	pbskids.org /bigapplehistory/building/topic27.html (640 words)

	The Cuyahoga - Chapter 28 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		You see, these are the nation’s pilot model of slum clearance, urban renewal, low-rent public housing, and especially designed housing for the elderly.
		He went into his Cleveland Council with a resolution calling for a National Conference on Slum Clearance to be held in Cleveland July 6 and 7, 1933, under the auspices of the government of the City of Cleveland.
		And he begged for a fast approval for slum clearance in Cleveland and for a shortening of the paperwork.
	web.ulib.csuohio.edu /ellis/chap28.html (4636 words)

	Napolitano vetoes property rights bill on slum clearance
		Additionally, it would have given property owners the right to improve conditions to avoid inclusion in designated slum or blighted areas, impose new disclosures before local governments can make the designations and shorten the length to five years from ten.
		The legislation was supported by groups representing property rights advocates, small businesses and home builders and opposed by the League of Arizona Cities and Towns and individual cities and towns as well as groups representing planners and environmentalists.
		The measure, one of a few surviving legislative proposals intended to crack down on eminent domain, was stalled in the Senate for more than a month before the Legislature completed action on the bill on May 25.
	www.azcentral.com /rsslinks/163541 (369 words)

	The Hindu : Slum clearance an impossible task
		Given the magnitude of the problem, and the ``slow speed'' at which it is being tackled, slum clusters are most likely to become a permanent feature of the Capital.
		According to it, about 1.72 lakh of slum clusters has been targetted to be relocated at an estimated cost of over Rs.1,000 crores.
		Also not to be missed, the Delhi Government has been authorised to acquire 750 acres (303 hectares) on behalf of the Slum and JJ Department of the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) specifically for this purpose.
	www.hindu.com /2001/05/08/stories/14082189.htm (635 words)

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