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Topic: Smalltalk programming language

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	The Smalltalk programming language
		Smalltalk is still a viable language, however, with several commercial implementations, and continues to be used in significant applications.
		Smalltalk development environments have always focused on making the programmer as productive as possible by providing a completely integrated set of editing, code management, and debugging tools; they are still the premier examples.
		One of the reasons for the simplicity of the Smalltalk language is that control structures, such as conditional execution, are defined as messages to objects.
	www.outbacksoftware.com /smalltalk/smalltalk.html (2026 words)

	Smalltalk programming language
		Smalltalk has been a great influence on the development of many other computer languages, including: Objective-C, Actor, Java and Ruby (the latter one to such an extent that many Smalltalkers consider Ruby to be Smalltalk with a different syntax).
		Smalltalk programs are usually compiled to bytecodes, run by a virtual machine, which allows them to be executable on any hardware platform for which a VM is available.
		Smalltalk was invented by a group of researches led by Alan Kay at XEROX Palo Alto Research Center.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/smalltalk_programming_language (962 words)

	introduction to smalltalk
		Existing programming languages, however, were designed for specialists and were largely only appropriate for numerical tasks ; exactly those kinds of applications which Kay saw as relatively uninteresting for the style in which he expected the Dynabook to be used.
		Smalltalk V and later Visual Smalltalk restricted itself to a much simplified user interface, due largely to hardware constraints on early IBM PCs and Microsoft's DOS operating system, but it was sold for a very reasonable price.Xerox itself reaped only sparse rewards from its investment in the Smalltalk project.
		Smalltalk is a "dynamically typed" language in which there is no type information associated with identifiers, but rather with the objects themselves - as reflected in the classes they are instances of and consequently the types of messages they are willing to react to.
	www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz /~wolfgang/cosc205/smalltalk1.html (6779 words)

	Pocket Smalltalk -- User's Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Smalltalk is said to be "pure" for one main reason: Everything in Smalltalk is an object, whereas in hybrid systems there are things which are not objects (for example, integers in C and Java).
		Smalltalk is fundamentally tied to automatic dynamic memory management, and as such must be supported by an underlying automatic memory management system.
		Whereas a traditional Smalltalk program is built by extending the base image, in the process building arbitrary graphs of objects, a Pocket Smalltalk program is completely defined by its classes and methods.
	www.pocketsmalltalk.com /pst-doc-users-guide-v16.html (3614 words)

	J20 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		J20, Smalltalk, is a relatively new technical committee.
		Programming Language Smalltalk is an object-oriented programming language which originated in the education and research communities; however, it has since spread to commerical applications as well.
		Smalltalk is designed to be the "language of description which serves as an interface between the models in the human mind and those in computing hardware.
	www.ncits.org /tc_home/j20.htm (84 words)

	Smalltalk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Smalltalk programs are usually compiled to bytecodes and run by a virtual machine (VM), which allows them to be executable on any hardware platform for which a VM is available.
		Smalltalk was invented by a group of researchers led by Alan Kay at XEROX Palo Alto Research Center; Alan Kay designed the system, which Dan Ingalls implemented.
		GNU Smalltalk is a free (GPL) implementation of Smalltalk from the GNU project.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/S/Smalltalk.htm (1262 words)

	Open Directory - Computers:Programming:Languages:Smalltalk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Smalltalk is and was a breakthrough combination programming language and operating system, created between 1972 and 1980 at the legendary Xerox Palo Alto Research Center: PARC.
		The main language influences inspiring and informing the creation of Smalltalk were Ivan Sutherland's Sketchpad graphics program/language, Simula, Lisp and Seymour Papert's Logo dialect, and ML.
		This category is for software written in Smalltalk (Smalltalk code), or software written to work intimately with Smalltalk systems and/or code, except for compilers and environments, which have their own category.
	www.gnuhoo.org /Computers/Programming/Languages/Smalltalk/desc.html (1305 words)

	The Java Language Specification
		The Java Language Specification, Third Edition - Written by the inventors of the technology, The Java Language Specification, Third Edition is the definitive technical reference for the Java programming language.
		He is well known as the co-creator of the Scheme programming language and for his reference books for the C programming language (with Samuel Harbison) and for the Common Lisp programming language.
		It describes all aspects of the language, including the semantics of all types, statements, and expressions, as well as threads and binary compatibility.
	java.sun.com /docs/books/jls (749 words)

	GNU Smalltalk User's Guide: Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Smalltalk programming language is an object oriented programming language.
		Smalltalk project is currently to produce a complete system to be used to write your scripts in a clear, aesthetically pleasing, and philosophically appealing programming language.
		Smalltalk's `place in the world' and its comparison with another open source Smalltalk, Squeak (a new version of Smalltalk-80 written by lots of people including the great wise behind the original Smalltalk implementation).
	www.gnu.org /software/smalltalk/gst-manual/gst_1.html (636 words)

	Smalltalk Programming Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Not the kind of smalltalk you hear at a cocktail party, Smalltalk is the second-oldest object-oriented programming language.
		Smalltalk was the programming language which finally emerged...
		Smalltalk is a dynamically typed object oriented programming language designed at Xerox PARC by Alan Kay, Dan...
	programming.4lb.net /smalltalk-programming-language.html (328 words)

	PC AI - Smalltalk Programming Language
		Smalltalk is a dynamic language whose special benefits derive from three unique characteristics: pure objects, exploratory programming, and malleable models.
		Smalltalk - the Natural Successor to COBOL Smalltalk is finding its greatest success in the enterprise development organization that is moving to client/server architecture, and where COBOL has been used previously.
		Within a Smalltalk program, messages are sent to objects instructing them to invoke their methods.
	www.pcai.com /web/ai_info/pcai_smalltalk.html (876 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Title of NCITS Subgroup: J20 - Programming Language Smalltalk Informal Description of Work: Technical Committee J20 is responsible for the technical development the ANSI standard for the Smalltalk programming language.
		The goal of this project is to make it possible for Smalltalk programs to be highly portable among different Smalltalk implementations.
		Anticipated Projects A second part of the Smalltalk standard is expected to cover the items not yet mature enough to be standardized in the current time frame.
	www.ncits.org /minutes/9710ncits/it970393.htm (322 words)

	OMG IDL / Language Mappings Specifications
		The Ada language mapping provides the ability to access and implement CORBA objects in programs written in the Ada programming language.
		This specification supports mapping of OMG IDL constructs to the constructs of the C programming language.
		This specification supports mapping of OMG IDL constructs to the constructs of the C++ programming language.
	www.omg.org /technology/documents/idl2x_spec_catalog.htm (391 words)

	TMXxine Languages
		The language is compiled and calls DirectX for its multimedia content.
		Some languages such as Mono were not available at a sufficiently mature level at the time of evaluation (last two quarters of 2003)
		A language and OS based on a simple script whilst retaining generic high level functions may be dependent on developments in the far east, new embedded devices and telecommunications
	www.cyber-shaktipat.org /relax/languages.html (317 words)

	OOPSLA'96 Workshop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Smalltalk programming language is currently undergoing a standardization process by the X3J20 committee that will lead to the creation of a ANSI standard definition of the language.
		While this is appropriate behavior for X3J20, a vibrant and useful programming language needs to evolve and adapt to changing needs of programmers and the global computing environment.
		The purpose of this workshop is to provide a forum for language designers, implementors and users to identify needs and share proposals for extending the Smalltalk language.
	www.parcplace.com /oopsla/stwrkshp.html (350 words)

	Notable Blogs: Smalltalk meets Vista and .NET
		At the same time, he sees Smalltalk as a useful alternative to the recently touted — highly touted, in fact -- combination of XML and JavaScript known as Ajax [or Atlas].
		Smalltalk advocate Fisk is interested in the fact that Microsoft’s Windows Presentation Foundation [WPF] is due to appear in a Windows Presentation Foundation-Everywhere [WPF-E] version, which is intended to run well, everywhere; that means on cell phones, Xboxes, Macs, cell phones, and so on.
		Between the Microsoft approach [based on programming languages it explicitly supports, combined with XAML, of which it is the primary advocate] and JavaScript, says Fisk, there is a middle approach that may turn out to be the best of both approaches.
	www.theserverside.net /news/thread.tss?thread_id=41442 (984 words)

	Ruby: An Introduction to Ruby object-oriented programming language
		It is an object-oriented programming language that was invented in 1993 and released in 1995 by Japanese programmer Yukihiro Matsumoto (fondly referred to in programming circles as "Matz") as an alternative to the likes of Python and Perl.
		Because of the nature of scripting languages in general, much of the material presented below may be "over the heads" of the non-programming-savvy, but we've made every effort to explain Ruby in as plain-spoken a manner, and with as little technical jargon as possible.
		Ruby is a utilitarian language in that it requires the absolute minimal amount of coding to achieve your desired result.
	www.hosting-review.com /hosting-articles/ruby.shtml (565 words)

	Citations: The reuse of uses in Smalltalk programming - Rosson, Carroll (ResearchIndex)
		examined the reuse of programs for the Smalltalk language and environment.
		M.B. Rosson and J.M. Carroll: "The Reuse of Uses in Smalltalk Programming", ACM Trans.
		Rosson and J. Carroll, The Reuse of Uses in Smalltalk Programming, ACM Trans.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /context/834946/309359 (558 words)

	Smalltalk resources on the web
		Squeak extends the fundamental Smalltalk philosophy of complete openness -- where everything is available to see, understand, modify, and extend for whatever purpose -- to include even the VM.
		The implementation of the language and the class library is consistent with the draft ANSI standard as well as the industry standard.
		But it was hard to see that the Smalltalk market is not static and informations are often not 'state of the art'.
	www.smalltalkconsulting.com /html/smalltalkresources.html (802 words)

	Powered By Smalltalk FAQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Smalltalk is similar to other object-oriented languages like C# and Java but it is easier to learn and even more productive.
		Hiding that Smalltalk is your language of choice for mission-critical applications is not good for the language itself and ultimately your competitive advantage.
		To help grow the Smalltalk market we have to continually show the world that Smalltalk is a more advanced programming language than Java or C#.
	www.goodstart.com /poweredbysmalltalk.shtml (547 words)

	M206 Smalltalk programming tutorial, and information for students on the OU M206 Computing an Object-oriented approach ...
		Smalltalk Books A description of Smalltalk books, that can be purchased on-line.
		Master Smalltalk and M206 Index An index for the M206 OU course and Smalltalk methods used in the tutorials.
		Home page of a tutorial in programming in C This is an ideal tutorial for anybody learning C programming language, and of particular interest to students on courses: T223 at the OU Open University.
	members.aol.com /M206ou/m206/index.htm (684 words)

	Smalltalk Programming Language
		After experiments were performed on Smalltalk-72, a sequence of languages ending in Smalltalk-80 were developed.
		The demand for Smalltalk programmers is growing in areas where the telecommunications industry is strong.
		This is a course description of a general programming language course taught here at the University of Michigan - Dearborn.
	www.engin.umd.umich.edu /CIS/course.des/cis400/smalltalk/smalltalk.html (148 words)

	Computers & Internet, Programming Languages,
		Abandon all hope ye who enter here, for you are about to enter the domain of that most terrifying of creatures - the esoteric programming language.
		J and APL Ring is a WebRing devoted to the J and APL programming languages.
		Smalltalk webring - bringing together the users and providers of the Smalltalk programming language community.
	dir.webring.com /rw?d=Computers___Internet/Programming_Languages (506 words)

	Edgar R. Chavez .. Smalltalk
		Cincom Smalltalk The Cincom Smalltalk software development suite is an object-oriented environment providing instant binary portable cross-platform application development.
		The implementation of the language and the class library is consistent with the draft ANSI standard.
		Smalltalk Industry Council The Smalltalk Industry Council (STIC) is a cohesive Smalltalk community where information, technical issues, new ideas and concerns are openly discussed to benefit the industry.
	home.ccil.org /~chavezer/www/smalltalk.htm (480 words)

	Directory - Computers: Programming: Languages: Smalltalk: Squeak: FAQs, Help, and Tutorials
		Basic Aspects of Squeak and Smalltalk-80 Programming Language · cached · By Wolfgang Kreutzer.
		Making Smalltalk: Spreading the OO Fun · cached · Series on object-oriented programming for users new to OO, or programming.
		Making Smalltalk: Objects, Classes and Other Things · cached · Series on object-oriented programming for users new to OO, or programming.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=1188430 (225 words)

	Smalltalk Comparisons against other programming languages and Smalltalk productivity
		But Smalltalk holds all the code in only one file (the image) and store in it all the state of the system (working Threads and so on).
		It is intended to provide very high-level information about the respective languages to anyone who is trying to decide which language(s) to learn or to use for a particular project.
		This document compares and contrasts Smalltalk and Java using a somewhat unusual approach: The author transforms one language (Smalltalk) into the other (Java) by a series of small steps in an intermediary language (SmallJava).
	www.whysmalltalk.com /smalltalkcomparisons (767 words)

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