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	Smerdis of Persia - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Smerdis was the younger son of Cyrus the Great who, according to Ctesias, on his deathbed appointed him governor of the eastern provinces (cf.
		The history of the false Smerdis is narrated by Herodotus and Ctesias according to official traditions; Cambyses before his death confessed to the murder of his brother, and in public explained the whole fraud.
		It is certain that Smerdis transferred the seat of government to Media; and here in a castle in the district of Nisaya he was surprised and killed by Darius and his six associates in October 521.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Smerdis (551 words)

	SMERDIS - LoveToKnow Article on SMERDIS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		We have no means of explaining this statement, nor can we fully understand all the incidents connected with his usurpation; but the attempts of modern authors to prove that Gaumta in reality was the genuine Smerdis and Darius a usurper have failed.
		It is certain that Smerdis transferred the seat of government to Media; and here in a castle iii the district of Nisaya he was surprised and killed by Darius ant his six associates in October 521.
		His death was annually cele brated in Persia by a feast called the killing of the magian, at which no magian was allowed to show himself (Herod.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SM/SMERDIS.htm (541 words)

	Darius I - OnlineEncyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		When, after the suicide of Cambyses II (March 521), the usurper Gaumata ruled undisturbed over the whole empire under the name of Bardiya (Smerdis), son of Cyrus, no one dared to gainsay him.
		Assisted by six noble Persians, whose names he proclaims at the end of the Behistun Inscription, he surprised and killed the usurper in a Median fortress (October 521), and gained the crown.
		He also married Atossa, the widow of the false Smerdis and daughter of Cyrus the Great.
	www.neareasternarchaeology.com /encyclopedia/index.php/Darius_I (1219 words)

	Smerdis / Gaumâta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		According to several ancient sources, Smerdis was the only one who was strong enough to draw a bow sent to the Persian court by an enemy; the Greek researcher Herodotus says that this enemy was the Nubian king, others state that it was a leader of the nomads living in Central Asia.
		When his brother, king Cambyses, was conquering Egypt, someone calling himself Smerdis rebelled and became sole ruler of the Achaemenid empire after Cambyses' had died of natural causes.
		According to the Behistun inscription, this Smerdis' rule started on 11 March 522 BCE, and this is corroborated by the dating of letters in Babylonia; on 1 July he formally became king.
	www.livius.org /sj-sn/smerdis/smerdis.htm (478 words)

	Smerdis Article, Smerdis Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Smerdis was the younger son of Cyrus the Great who, according toCtesias, on his deathbed appointed him governor of the eastern provinces (cf.
		The history of the false Smerdis is narrated by Herodotus and Ctesias according to official traditions; Cambyses before hisdeath confessed to the murder of his brother, and in public explained the whole fraud.
		It is certain that Smerdis transferred the seat of government to Media; and here in acastle in the district of Nisaya he was surprised and killed by Darius and his six associates in October 521.
	www.anoca.org /darius/name/smerdis.html (586 words)

	Iranica.com - HERODOTUS
		The classification of this reign as an illegitimate one, the central figure of the false Smerdis, as well as the conspiracy by the Seven, with Darius appearing as their central protagonist, are structural common grounds shared with the Behistun inscription.
		Indeed Smerdis, who was isolated from the outside world and who not only exactly resembled Cambyses' brother but even bore the same name (3.61.2)—and who, because Cyrus had once cut off his ears, constantly feared to be unmasked (3.69.5)—formed the crucial point of the narrative.
		Phaidyme, the wife of Smerdis and daughter of Otanes, feels for the absent ears of her husband while he is making love to her in the dark (3.68-69); and so begins the story about the overthrow of the Magi.
	www.iranica.com /articles/v12f3/v12f3016f.html (5337 words)

	The Baldwin Project: Darius the Great by Jacob Abbott
		Smerdis was younger than Cambyses, but he was superior to him in strength and personal accomplishments.
		Smerdis was the only one that could be found who was strong enough to bend it; and he, by the superiority to the others which he thus evinced, gained great renown.
		He had not seen Smerdis himself, he said, [55] for he kept himself shut up very closely in his palace; but he was informed of his accession by one of the magians whom Cambyses had left in command.
	www.mainlesson.com /display.php?author=abbott&book=darius&story=end (3395 words)

	Hreme, Week 22
		Smerdis makes a leap for the door Tom is hiding under but, luckily for Tom, is decked by Tomukato.
		Smerdis is suffering from a couple of sleep spells and a good old fashioned sock to the head.
		Smerdis turns Cantrel invisible and (being able to see the invisible himself) is thus the only noncombatant to see the Stalker hit Cantrel.
	users.rcn.com /evholmes/Tuesday/Hreme/Hreme-22.html (2747 words)

	AllRefer.com - Smerdis (Ancient History, Middle East, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		He was assassinated by his brother Cambyses II, who kept the murder a secret.
		Patizithes, the Magian custodian of Cambyses' palace, deposed Cambyses (who was campaigning in Egypt), put forward his own brother Guamata to impersonate Smerdis, and proclaimed him king.
		After a reign of seven months the false Smerdis was overthrown (521
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Smerdis.html (169 words)

	Who is Cambyses?
		Cambyses had a younger brother, Smerdis, who either headed a revolt or was suspected of planning one.
		Meanwhile, the false Smerdis, who was really a priest named Gomates, had been accepted in Persia, and the returning army also bowed to his rule.
		Smerdis had been invisible in prison for several years, the impostor closely resembled him, and moreover kept himself carefully secluded within his palace, while he hastened to make his grasp upon the empire secure.
	www.publicbookshelf.com /public_html/The_Story_of_the_Greatest_Nations_and_the_Worlds_Famous_Events_Vol_1/whoisca_bac.html (1220 words)

	Hreme, Week 19
		We are pleased but not surprised when this turns out to be built on a chunk of floating rock, in the midst of a camouflaging cloud bank.
		Cantrel's pegasi are reluctant to enter the cavern used by the hippogrifs, so Smerdis recommends he leave them tethered on the ledge just outside.
		The door opens, Baldy strides in, followed by four guards, followed by Smerdis, who says, "You are all free to go!" Instantly, Daewen performs a flying leap over the guards and vanishes down the hall.
	home.comcast.net /~evholmes/Tuesday/Hreme/Hreme-19.html (1313 words)

	Hreme, Week 23
		We were bound and chained at the orders of his (overzealous) captain of the guards; we were popped in the bottle by that djinn, their ambassador, who felt he had a claim on us since Smerdis had promised him the next twenty strangers to come by.
		Smerdis goes to the door, Pfusand at his elbow, and opens it magically, having lost track of the key.
		Chris and Cantrel remind Smerdis of the silver he owes us, but Smerdis claims he no longer owes it, since the missing articles have not returned as a result of our information.
	users.rcn.com /evholmes/Tuesday/Hreme/Hreme-23.html (1730 words)

	Herodotus: Book Three
		Thus a dream and a prophecy both come true for Cambyses: the dream that Smerdis would be King (which is what persuaded Cambyses to kill his brother in the first place) and the prophecy that he himself would die at Ecbatana (64).
		Otanes' daughter is one of Smerdis' wives; Otanes uses her access to Smerdis in bed to determine that Smerdis has no ears, which proves he is Smerdis the Magian and not Smerdis the son of Cyrus (68-69).
		The Magi hire him to address the populace from the palace walls, and to reassure them that Smerdis the son of Cyrus is indeed King.
	academic.reed.edu /Humanities/Hum110/Hdt/Hdt3.html (744 words)

	Seven Wonders of the World to Spartan Cipher Rod * People, Places, & Things * Greek Mythology: From the Iliad to ...
		Smerdis was the son of Kyrus (Cyrus) the Great and Kassandane (Cassandane); his older brother, Kambyses (Cambyses), ascended to the throne after the death of his father and established himself as a harsh and arrogant monarch; his blasphemy and cruelty bordered on madness.
		Shortly afterwards, Kambyses had a dream in which he saw Smerdis sitting on the throne of Persia with his head reaching towards the heavens; Kambyses believed that the dream meant that Smerdis was plotting to steal the throne from him, so he dispatched one of his most trusted men, Prexaspes, to secretly murder Smerdis.
		When the second king of the Persian Empire, Kambyses (Cambyses), murdered his brother, Smerdis, the Mede that Kambyses had left in charge of his household devised an ingenious plan whereby the Medes could reclaim the empire that the Persians had stolen from them one generation earlier.
	www.messagenet.com /myths/ppt/_s1002.html (3490 words)

	AI Mesopotamia - General Discussion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		When Cambyses slew Smerdis, it was not known unto the people that Smerdis was slain.
		As for the assasination of Smerdis, it may have happeend or it may not have.
		It has been argued that this false Smerdis may have been the real Smerdis, that Darius killed him and that Darius simply created the tale of the assasination to cover up a coup.
	www.antiquatedideas.com /cgi-antiquatedideas/mesopotamia/topic.cgi?forum=47&topic=6 (2042 words)

	Darius biography
		His position at first was very insecure, but his caution, skill, and energy enabled him to govern his vast dominions for 36 years.
		He then divided his empire into 20 satrapies and determined the exact amount of the taxation to be borne by each.
		In some of the remoter provinces great confusion seems to have prevailed after the death of Smerdis the Magian; and a proof of how little Darius could effect at first is afforded by the conduct of Orœtes, the Governor of Sardis, who for some time was quite defiant of his authority.
	www.dromo.info /dariusbio.htm (636 words)

	SMERDIS (Pers. Bardiya; by Ctesias, Pers. 8, called Tanyoxarces; by Xenophon, Cyrop. viii. 7. 11, who takes the name ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Smerdis was the younger son of Cyrus the
		of 522 a usurper pretended to be Smerdis and proclaimed himself king on a mountain near the Persian town Pishiyauvada.
		It is certain that Smerdis transferred the seat of government to Media; and here in a castle in the
	www.jcsm.org /StudyCenter/Encyclopedia_Britannica/SIV_SOU/SMERDIS_Pers_Bardiya_by_Ctesia.html (732 words)

	Herodotus' Inquiries, Book 3: installment 17
		And he said, “Since King Cambyses drove against Egypt, I have not yet seen Smerdis, but the Magus, whom Cambyses had shown forth as guardian of his house, that man enjoined that and asserted that Smerdis, the son of Cyrus, was he who had laid on the speaking of that before you”.
		Thereupon, when Cambyses had heard Smerdis’ name, the truth of the speeches and the vision in sleep struck him, who thought in his sleep that someone announced out to him that Smerdis sat on the royal chair and touched with his head the sky.
		Now, those thought that Smerdis, the son of Cyrus, stood in as king, since Prexaspes also was terribly a denier that he indeed had killed Smerdis, as it was not safe for him, Cambyses having met with his end, to assert that Cyrus’ son had perished with his own hand.
	www.losttrails.com /pages/Tales/Inquiries/Herodotus_17.html (3728 words)

	History - RENOWNED HOMOPHILES OF THE GREEK ANTIQUITY
		When the poet ANACREON stayed at the court of Polycrates, he fell in love with Smerdis, could not take his eyes off the boy's sumptuous hair and celebrated the dark abundance of these locks in his songs.
		Smerdis, in the vain nature of boys, enjoyed his praise very much.
		But in tyrannical temper and a fit of jealousy, Polycrates had Smerdis' hair cut off to hurt both the boy and the poet.
	www.androphile.org /preview/Library/History/greek_gay/greeks.html (2076 words)

	HighBeam Research: Library Search: Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Smerdis, a typical tyrant of the 18th century Russian stage as Wirtschafter...
		Also, at the Aug. 5 meeting, the district's chief financial officer, Smerdis Hughes, presented proposals for cutting costs in the anticipation of a $1.8 million fund deficit.
		200 for miscellaneous, $453,334 to be transferred to the debt retirement fund.At the previous meeting, Monday November 30, Smerdis Hughes, the district's Assistant Superintendent of the office of Fiscal Integrity, presented the administration's proposals...
	www.highbeam.com /library/search.asp?FN=SS&search_newspapers=on&search_magazines=on&q=Smerdis&refid=ency_botnm (545 words)

	Persian History
		Since Patizeithes' brother looked like Smerdis (and shared his name), they decided that he should pretend to be Smerdis, son of Cyrus, and issued a proclaimation that all nations and armies should follow Smerdis, rather than Cambyses.
		Initially this was difficult, since the daughter had never met the real Smerdis, and the king seperated all of Cambyses' wives as soon as he became king (since queen Atossa was brother to both Smerdis and Cambyses).
		This was dangerous, but the daughter waited until it was her turn in rotation to sleep with the king, and then checked his ears when he was asleep.
	mcadams.posc.mu.edu /txt/ah/Persia/Persia.html (2986 words)

	Herodotus - The Histories - Page 465
		For it was Smerdis the Magus, and not Smerdis my brother, of whose rebellion God forewarned me by the vision.
		The deed is done, however, and Smerdis, son of Cyrus, be sure is lost to you.
		There was one who would have been bound beyond all others to avenge the wrongs I have suffered from these Magians, but he, alas, has perished by a horrid fate, deprived of life by those nearest and dearest to him.
	www.galileolibrary.com /ebooks/eu04/herodotus_page_465.htm (443 words)

	Cambyses II biography
		It was now that Cambyses received news that the throne of Persia had been seized, during his absence, by a Magian priest.
		The usurper impersonated Bardiya, or Smerdis, Cambyses' brother, who had been assassinated, though the people did not know it, at the instigation of Cambyses himself.
		Startled by this bold impersonation of one whom he believed to be dead, the guilty and crime-laden Cambyses hastened to retrace his steps to Persia, but died on the way (522 B.C.), at Ecbatana, which Herodotus (iii, 62-64) calls a city of Syria, but Josephus names Damascus.
	www.dromo.info /cambysesiibio.htm (508 words)

	About us (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In regard to the rapid global expansions in information technology and the ever-growing need for it, we decided to establish Smerdis - a group of highly experienced IT Professionals - to design and implement solutions to help our clients achieve their short and long-term goals in Iran and all other countries.
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		Smerdis is a flexible partner and has the ability to provide the best
	www.smerdis.net /EN/aboutus.asp (333 words)

	Inscription of Dariush the Great at Baghestan
		He lied to the people thus: "I am Smerdis, the son of Cyrus, brother of Cambyses." After that, all the people became rebellious from Cambyses, (and) went over to him, both Persia and Media and the other provinces.
		The people feared him greatly, (thinking that) he would slay in numbers the people who previously had known Smerdis; for this reason he would slay the people, "lest they know me, that I am not Smerdis the son of Cyrus." Nobody dared say anything about Gaumata the Magian, until I came.
		To the people he said thus: "I am Smerdis, the son of Cyrus." Thereupon the Persian army which (was) in the palace, (having come) from Anshan previously -- it became rebellious from me, went over to that Vahyazdata.
	irantarikh.com /persia/bagestan.htm (4228 words)

	Smerdis Of Persia Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
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		According to both Herodotus and his successor Darius (in the Behistun Inscription), Cambyses II, before he set out to Egypt, secretly caused his brother to be murdered, being afraid that he might attempt a rebellion during his absence.
	www.localcolorartists.com /encyclopedia/Smerdis_of_Persia (764 words)

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