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	Smooth dogfish - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The smooth dogfish migrates seasonally, moving north in the spring and south in the autumn.
		As a scavenger and opportunistic predator, the nocturnal smooth dogfish feeds primarily on large crustaceans, including lobsters, shrimp, and crabs, as well as small fish and mollusks.
		The smooth dogfish is often used as a lab animal and in public display at aquariums.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Smooth_dogfish (372 words)

	Description Smooth Dogfish - Mustelus canis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The small teeth of the smooth dogfish are flat and blunt, similar in both the upper and lower jaws.
		Along the body of the smooth dogfish, denticles are irregularly spaced and lance-shaped with two to six longitudinal ridges extending the entire length of the denticle.
		The smooth dogfish is a viviparous species with a yolk-sac placenta and a placental connection between the mother and embryo.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /fish/Gallery/Descript/SmoothDogfish/SmoothDogfish.html (1318 words)

	Nikon MicroscopyU: DXM 1200 Digital Eclipse Image Gallery - Dogfish Shark Placoid Scale
		Dogfish sharks are small sharks belonging to one of three families: the dogfish shark family, Squalidae; the requiem shark family, Carcharhinidae; and the cat shark family, Scyliorhinidae.
		The best-known species are the spiny dogfish of the dogfish shark family, and the smooth dogfish of the requiem shark family.
		Dogfish sharks make up one subfamily of the dogfish shark family, and are characterized by a hard spine at the base of each of the two dorsal fins.
	www.microscopyu.com /galleries/dxm1200/dogfishplacoidsmall.html (326 words)

	Smooth Dogfish
		The smooth dogfish is able to change its colour slowly through contraction of melanophores (migratory pigment cells that through contraction or relaxation give the impression of a colour change).
		The smooth dogfish is a viviparous shark giving birth to a litter of 10 to 20 pups.
		The smooth dogfish is a migratory species that moves north and south with the seasons.
	new-brunswick.net /new-brunswick/sharks/species/smoothdogfish.html (265 words)

	New Jersey Scuba Diver - Marine Biology - Sharks - Dogfishes
		Smooth Dogfishes are related to Tiger, Bull, and other Requiem Sharks, while Spiny Dogfishes are in a completely different group, more closely related to Angel Sharks.
		Spiny Dogfish are gregarious in nature, often occurring in ‘packs' of hundreds or even thousands of individuals, and may be found anywhere in the water column, from the bottom to the surface.
		Smooth Dogfish use their senses of sight and smell to scavenge for prey, usually during the hours of darkness.
	www.njscuba.net /biology/sw_fish_sharks_dogfishes.html (1166 words)

	Fishery Bulletin: Age and growth of the smooth dogfish in the northwest Atlantic Ocean - Mustelus canis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Smooth dogfish are demersal and typically are found in inshore continental shelf and slope waters (Compagno, 1984).
		The purpose of this study was to determine the growth rates of smooth dogfish from the northwest Atlantic Ocean by using age estimates derived from vertebral growth-band counts.
		Smooth dogfish were collected from NMFS groundfish and longline surveys, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) longline surveys, Grice Marine Laboratory longline surveys, the Massachusetts state trawl survey, and by the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries (MDMF).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FDG/is_4_100/ai_95205106 (1418 words)

	AllRefer.com - dogfish (Vertebrate Zoology) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The smooth dogfish (Mustelis canis) is found on the Atlantic coast of America from Brazil to Cape Cod.
		Like the spiny dogfish, the smooth dogfish is much used for dissection by students of vertebrate anatomy.
		The smooth dogfish family also includes two small sharks abundant on the Pacific coast of the United States, the brown smoothhound (Rhinotriacis henlei) and the leopard shark (Triakis semifasciata); the latter is strikingly marked with fl on a tan background.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/D/dogfish.html (372 words)

	Smooth dogfish
		Food of the smooth dogfish consists chiefly of the larger Crustacea, and it is perhaps the most relentless enemy of the lobster, which had been eaten by no less than 16 percent of the fish examined by Field.
		And these figures are based on a sufficient number of observations of the stomach contents to serve as a general indication of the destructiveness of the smooth dogfish.
		The smooth dog is the second most numerous shark along the southern coast of New England, though falling far short of the spiny dogfish (p.
	octopus.gma.org /fogm/Mustelus_canis.htm (1075 words)

	SPINY DOGFISH
		Like the smooth dogfish, its mouth is full of low, flat, grinding teeth, but it also possesses an extra set of teeth that are small, yet very sharp.
		Although spiny dogfish and smooth dogfish are around the same size on the average (about 3 feet long, 7-10 pounds), the spiny dogfish has two distinguishing features: rows of small white dots run along its slate-gray sides, and a sharp spine is found in front of each of its two dorsal fins.
		Spiny dogfish are not seen very often in winter because they spend most of their time in the deeper waters offshore.
	www.ocean.udel.edu /mas/seafood/spinydogfish.html (529 words)

	Fishery Bulletin: Age and growth of the smooth dogfish (Mustelus ... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The oldest estimated age for a female smooth dogfish in the study was 16 years and age of the largest female was estimated at nine years old.
		We found smooth dogfish grew to a mean of 66.5 cm TL in their first year (size range 61-69 cm, mean size of estimated age-1 May captures, n= 13, SE=0.924).
		Smooth dogfish growth coefficients are at the high end of this range (K=0.4399 for males and K=0.2919 for females).
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:95205106&refid=holomed_1 (3155 words)

	NYSG Extension: Seafood Tech - Handling Catch
		Dogfish are the most common edible sharks found close to the shore in northern and mid-Atlantic waters.
		The spiny dogfish is similar to the smooth dogfish and averages four feet in length.
		It can be distinguished from smooth dogfish by the rows of small white spots on its side and by the two sharp spines that protrude in front of its large dorsal or back fins.
	www.seagrant.sunysb.edu /SeafoodTechnology/HandlingCatch/HandlingYourCatchPartVI.htm (1988 words)

	RISAA Affiliate [Save The Bay - Educational Series - Spiny Dogfish] March 2001
		The spiny dogfish is a species of small shark with a slender, flattened head, blunt, tapered snout, and a small crescent-shaped mouth.
		The teeth of the dogfish are small with sharp points that bend outward.
		In addition to eating worms, shrimp, crabs, and comb jellies, the spiny dogfish is one of the major predators of lobsters and large crabs.
	www.risaa.org /savethebay/spiny_dogfish.html (412 words)

	Spiny Dogfish
		The spiny dogfish is a small schooling shark that forms groups of hundreds or thousands of individuals of the same sex and size.
		The smooth edged short and oblique teeth are similar in both the upper and lower jaw.
		The spiny dogfish is found in cold and warm temperate oceans at temperatures between 6 and 15 degrees Celsius.
	new-brunswick.net /new-brunswick/sharks/species/spinydogfish.html (553 words)

	info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Dogfish are not considered to be dangerous, but some damage could be done by their teeth and their slightly poisonous dorsal fin spines.
		Dogfish are mostly bottom-dwellers, dwelling in depths from the surface down to 400 fathoms (2,400 feet).
		The spiny dogfish shark is found worldwide in temperate and subarctic waters, in the temperate and subarctic latitudes of the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans.
	pilgrims.net /plymouth/schools/Science/Stellwagen/jackt/info.htm (376 words)

	ESPN Outdoors -- Tips & Techniques (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In the spring and early summer, small dogfish are caught by surf fishermen and by anglers fishing from small boats.
		Large numbers of smooth dogfish are also caught by commercial fishermen using trawls, bottom longlines, pound nets and gill nets.
		Dogfish are usually discarded for they are not deemed suitable as food fish by Norther American anglers, though they are highly esteemed in Europe.
	www.espn.go.com /outdoors/tips/s/f_enc_Dogfish.html (356 words)

	[No title]
		All sharks not retained must be returned to the water in a manner to ensure the highest likelihood of survival.
		In accordance with Federal Rule 50 CFR §635.30 (c) (2), a person may eviscerate (dress) and remove the head and fins from a shark at sea, but must retain the fins with the dressed carcass and land all fins and corresponding carcasses from the vessel at the same point of landing.
		Smooth dogfish may be dressed at sea and are exempt from the requirement to retain and land fins and corresponding carcasses together as specified in I.B.8 above.
	www.ncfisheries.net /procs/procs2k4/FF-24-2004.htm (747 words)

	Search Results for smooth - Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Because vertebrate smooth muscle is located in the walls of many hollow organs, the normal functioning of the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive systems depends on the...
		Smooth muscle cells lining the artery walls have been implicated in cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and hypertension (high blood pressure).
		Smooth muscle is found primarily in the internal body organs and performs many functions, including control of the diameter of blood vessels, control of the propulsive activity of the...
	www.britannica.com /search?query=smooth&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT (441 words)

	Beach-Net: The Smooth Dogfish Shark (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		(Mustelus canis) -- Averaging 3 to 4 feet in length, the Smooth Dogfish Shark is one of the most abundant sharks on the East Coast.
		The smooth dogfish is found in great numbers in summer in the Delaware Bay and more of them are caught here than all of the other sharks combined.
		Smooth dogfish have many low, flat, pavement-like teeth that crush and grind more than they actually bite or tear.
	www.beach-net.com /Sharksmoothdog.html (142 words)

	SPINY DOGFISH
		Once thought to be the most abundant shark in the world the Spiny dogfish is now facing commercial extinction and a grass roots movement around the world is attempting to lobby for a reduction in quotas.
		In the UK and Europe Spiny dogfish are the principal fish utilized in "fish and chips".
		Smooth Dogfish mustelus canis which has a sympatric range from the Bay of Fundy to the Gulf of Florida and from Southern Brazil to Argentina.
	www.elasmodiver.com /spiny_dogfish.htm (523 words)

	Dogfish Shark (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Spiny dogfish are gray to slate brown with a pale or white belly.
		If these dots are faded or absent, which can happen with older dogfish, a distinctive single spine found in front of each of their two dorsal fins can be used as an additional identifying feature.
		Spiny dogfish are voracious eaters, preying on a variety of sea creatures, such as squid, shrimp and crabs, along with almost any species of fish that they can swallow.
	www.state.me.us /dmr/recreational/fishes/dogfishshark.htm (293 words)

	Beach-Net: The Spiny Dogfish Shark (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Its mouth is full of low, flat, grinding teeth like the smooth dogfish, but the spiny dogfish also possesses an extra set of small, very sharp teeth.
		Growth zones on the spines help determine the age of the spiny dogfish and some have been found to be 25 to 30 years old.
		Spiny dogfish are common in the Mid-Atlantic region and are considered pests by commerial and sportfishermen because it has no great value on the local market and doesn't put up much of a fight when hooked.
	www.beach-net.com /Sharkspinydog.html (231 words)

	dogfish -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The spiny dogfishes of the family Squalidae possess a sharp spine in front of each of their two dorsal fins.
		This large shark, which can reach a length of 7 m (24 feet) and a weight of 1,025 kg (2,250 pounds), is fished commercially near Greenland at a depth of 180 to 550 m.
		This genus is in the family Squalidae and the order Squaliformes, which includes the dogfish sharks, bramble sharks and rough sharks.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9030793?tocId=9030793 (596 words)

	Fact Sheet
		The Spiny Dogfish Shark (Squalus acanthias) is the world's most abundant shark occurring worldwide in temperate and sub-arctic ocean waters.
		They differ from the Smooth Dogfish Shark by having spines in front of each dorsal fin as well as rows of white dots along the side, both of which are lacking in the Smooth Dogfish Shark.
		The commercial fishery for spiny dogfish shark in the state of Maryland is presently non-existent.
	www.dnr.state.md.us /fisheries/education/spinydogfish/spinydogfishshark.html (875 words)

	3.1 CATCHES BY SPECIES
		Among species that are usually targeted by directed fisheries are picked dogfish, smooth-hounds, shortfin mako shark, thresher shark, porbeagle, dusky shark, silky shark, sandbar shark, Oceanic whitetip shark, blue shark, whitetip reef shark, basking sharks and tope sharks.
		Picked dogfish inhabits warm temperate to boreal waters throughout the world and is one of the most typical shark in Northern Atlantic.
		US catches for picked dogfish have shown a huge growth in the last few years, from 5 800 tonnes in 1989 to more than 29 600 tonnes in 1996 when 57.3% of all picked dogfish catches were reported to be from the USA.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/005/X3690E/x3690e08.htm (1788 words)

	Smooth Dogfish
		This shark is a scavenger and opportunistic feeder, but regularly feeds upon crabs, lobster and shrimp as well as a variety of small teleosts.
		The smooth dogfish is a viviparous shark giving birth to a litter of 3 to 18 pups.
		This shark is very common, similar to the spiny dogfish, and routinely fowls up fishing gear.
	www.marinebiodiversity.ca /shark/english/smoothd.htm (332 words)

	dogfish on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Females of this species may reach a length of 4 ft (120 cm) and weigh 15 to 20 lb (6.3-9 kg); males are smaller.
		Profile: Commercial fishing is threatening the Atlantic dogfish population
		Spiny Dogfish Receives Protection At Last; CMC Applauds Overdue Fishing Restrictions for Vulnerable Sharks.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/d1/dogfish.asp (510 words)

	Description Narrowfin Smooth-Hound - Mustelus norrisi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		There are no known synonyms used to refer to this species in past scientific literature.
		The narrowfin smooth-hound is found in the western Atlantic Ocean from Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to Venezuela and southern Brazil.
		Smooth dogfish is similar in appearance to the narrowfin smooth-hound
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /fish/Gallery/Descript/NarrowfinSH/NarrowfinSH.html (674 words)

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