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Topic: Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland

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	Program of the social democracy of the Republic of Polen : [1 marca 1997 roku]. - [Warschau, ca. 1997]. - 84 Kb, Text ...
		SdRP is in favor of separating the churches and religious unions from the State and in favor of philosophical neutrality of the State.
		SdRP puts great attention in its economic policy to the development of housing and favors structured continuation of the housing sector reform to adapt it to the prevailing market conditions - assuring at the same time assistance of the State for those social groups which are unable to acquire a flat using their own resources.
		SdRP is in favor of further expansion (and optimization) of budget expenditures for the prevention and combating of crime, particularly of organized crime, offenses committed by youth and on youth and to prevent the whole sphere of negative and criminogenous phenomena associated with the use of narcotic drugs.
	www.fes.de /fulltext/ialhi/90010/progang.htm (9440 words)

	Poland
		Poland is bordered to the north by the Baltic Sea, to the northeast by Russia and Lithuania, and to the east by Belarus and Ukraine.
		Poland's relief was formed by the actions of Ice Age glaciers, which advanced and receded over the northern part of the country several times during the Pleistocene Epoch (1,600,000 to 10,000 years ago).
		Poland's balance of payments improved (partly as the result of debt forgiveness), and the country became one of the leading economies of the former Eastern bloc.
	www.nd.edu /~kielbasa/poland.htm (9198 words)

	History of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Poland's written history begins with the reign of Mieszko I, who accepted Christianity for himself and his kingdom in AD 966.
		Poland revolted from the empire, and the Polish Church began a reform in accordance with Gregory's decrees.
		By the leading nobles Boleslaw was thoroughly hated as a despot; the masses of the people murmured under the burden of incessant wars; the clergy opposed the energetic reformation of the Church, which the king was carrying on, their opposition being particularly directed against Gregory's decree enforcing the celibacy of the clergy.
	www.historyofnations.net /europe/poland.html (2744 words)

	Immigration and Nationality Directorate - POLAND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It is bounded to the north by the Baltic Sea and an enclave of the Russian Federation; to the north-east by Lithuania; to the east by Belarus; to the south-east by Ukraine; to the west by Germany; and to the south by the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
		Poland is a multi-party democracy in which all citizens 18 years of age and older have the right to vote and to cast secret ballots.
		Poland's bilateral treaties with Germany and Belarus contain provisions relating to the rights of these national minorities, and human rights groups have described these provisions as "close to ideal." A programme was initiated during the 1996-97 school year to teach Lithuanian to pupils of Lithuanian descent in 12 schools in north-eastern Poland.
	www.asylumlaw.org /docs/poland/ind00_poland_ca.htm (14423 words)

	Poland territory geography history government (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Poland's top national security goal is to further integrate with NATO and other west European defense, economic, and political institutions via a modernization and reorganization of its military.
		Poland continues to be a regional leader in support and participation in the NATO Partnership for Peace Program and has actively engaged most of its neighbors and other regional actors to build stable foundations for future European security arrangements.
		Poland was the first former centrally planned economy in central Europe to end its recession and return to growth in the early 1990s.
	www.masterpage.com.pl /resource/backgrounder.html (4021 words)

	Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Samoobrona Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, SRP) is a left wing political party and trade union in Poland.
		Samoobrona came in fourth in the 2004 European Parliament election, having received 10% of the votes; this gave it 6 of the 54 seats reserved for Poland in the European Parliament.
		Poland's June 2003 referendum on membership of the European Union was an uncomfortable experience for Samoobrona.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Self-Defense_of_the_Republic_of_Poland (639 words)

	DEMOCRACY & DIVERSITY - CRACOW ALUMNI LIST
		She is currently coordinating the TCDS-affiliated Social Science Curriculum Center at the American University in Kyrgyzstan.
		Enkeleida is a lecturer of social policy at the University of Tirana.
		Kate is interested in historical experiences, socialization processes, and cultural formation and their role in integration of democratic norms and institutions.
	www.newschool.edu /tcds/d&d003.htm (5518 words)

	Facts about Poland
		Poland today is ethnically almost homogeneous (98% Polish), in contrast with the World War II period, when there were significant ethnic minorities--4.5 million Ukrainians, 3 million Jews, 1 million Belorussians, and 800,000 Germans.
		However, Poland is the leading producer in Europe of potatoes and rye and is one of the world's largest producers of sugar beets.
		Citizens of the Republic of Poland are known as Polish.
	www.factsmonk.com /facts_about_poland (2779 words)

	Comparative Criminology \| Europe - Poland
		Poland's contemporary penal legislation is comprised of three basic sets of laws: the Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, and the Code for the Execution of Penalties.
		The increase was attributed to several factors: social stresses from the uncertainties of the transition period; the institutional inadequacy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs to deal with social unrest without wielding unlimited authority; and widespread skepticism that prevented public cooperation with police investigations.
		Poland is a source, transit, and destination country for the trafficking of women and girls.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /faculty/rwinslow/europe/poland.html (12542 words)

	Poland (08/06)
		Poland became a full member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in March 1999 as part of the first wave of enlargement outlined at the July 1997 NATO Summit in Madrid.
		Poland's top national security goal is to further integrate with NATO and other west European defense, economic, and political institutions while modernizing and reorganizing its military.
		Poland maintains a sizable armed force currently numbering about 140,572 troops divided among an army of 87,877, an air and defense force of 31,147, and a navy of 21,548.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2875.htm (4771 words)

	1997 Human Rights Reports: Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Poland is a parliamentary democracy based on a multiparty political system and free and fair elections.
		Poland is a multiparty democracy in which all citizens 18 years of age and older have the right to vote and to cast secret ballots.
		Poland's bilateral treaties with Germany and Belarus contain provisions relating to the rights of those national minorities, and human rights groups have described these provisions as "close to ideal." A program was initiated during the 1996-97 school year to teach Lithuanian to pupils of Lithuanian descent in 12 schools in northeastern Poland.
	www.usemb.se /human/human97/poland.html (11731 words)

	USAID Europe and Eurasia: Review of USAID's Program Strategy
		Democracy must always be understood to consist of a whole series of elements: minority rights, religious freedom, separation and limitation of power, a vibrant civil society including an independent media, elections, rule of law, and a free economy.
		Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia.
		Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic, and Slovenia.
	www.usaid.gov /locations/europe_eurasia/eestrategy.html (5524 words)

	Poland: history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Poland was a hereditary monarchy until the 12th century.
		In 1772, Russia, Prussia, and Austria agreed on the territorial partition of Poland.
		Polandâs entry to NATO was agreed upon in February 1999 by an overwhelming 409 to 7 at the Sjem.
	gbgm-umc.org /country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=123 (2719 words)

	Polish leader to return as party chief (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The near-unanimous vote, at a congress of the Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland, (SdRP) flaunted the party's confidence in Oleksy who along with his Cabinet, quit Friday over security service allegations he firmly denies, that he was a spy for Moscow.
		The SdRP is the core faction of the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD), the larger party in the coalition which also includes a Peasant party.
		Some SdRP chiefs had pressed for Oleksy to be voted in as leader to back him up, while others feared such a move could harm the party's standing with voters.
	www.chron.com /content/chronicle/world/96/01/28/poland.html (354 words)

	Poland (06/05)
		Poland's September 2001 parliamentary elections saw the center-left SLD triumph and form a coalition with the Polish Peasant Party (PSL) and leftist Union of Labor (UP), with Leszek Miller (SLD) as Prime Minister, Cimoszewicz as Foreign Minister, and Oleksy as Sejm Marshall (Speaker of Parliament).
		Poland's top national security goal is to further integrate with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and other west European defense, economic, and political institutions via a modernization and reorganization of its military.
		Poland assumed command of a multinational division of stabilization forces in Iraq (MDN-CS) on September 3, 2003, contributing 2,400 troops.
	www.state.gov /outofdate/bgn/p/47536.htm (4546 words)

	Committee for Central and Eastern Europe
		The X Anniversary Congress in October of his party would be, he asserted, an opportunity to consider their role in the transition of their country, but also the chance to elaborate a new constitution for a modern European party.
		The Committee also adopted a resolution on the Caucasus which recognised the positive changes towards the consolidation of democracy in the South Caucasian republics but also outlined proposals, to be presented to the XXI Congress, for furthering democracy and resolving ethnic conflicts in the region.
		Reaffirms its commitment to the principles and values of social democracy, and to encouraging everywhere the growth of parties that share in them, especially where as in Russia they are needed to strengthen democracy, freedom and justice.
	www.socialistinternational.org /6Meetings/SICEE/Sept99/Warsaw-e.html (2161 words)

	[No title]
		Poland, with its hard currency debt of $48.5 billion, is severely limited in its ability to import much-needed hard currency goods.
		The new government is continuing the previous government's economic program, while trying to speed privatization and to better cushion the populace from the dislocations associated with reform.
		Substantial outside aid will be needed if Poland is to make a successful transition in the 1990s.
	www.textfiles.com /politics/CIA/poland.txt (278 words)

	Poland
		Likewise, Poland's current account deficit, which grew rapidly in the late 1990s, fell to 1.5% of GDP in 2004.
		Poland graduated from USAID assistance in 2000 and paid the balance of its U.S.-held Paris Club debt in 2005.
		Poland, a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and European Union, applies the EU’s common external tariff to goods from other countries--including the U.S. In the year since it joined the EU, Poland has experienced an overall growth in exports of 30%.
	www.infoplease.com /country/profiles/poland.html (3961 words)

	CNN - World News briefs - Jan. 28, 1996
		WARSAW (Reuter) -- Poland's ex-Communists, a dominant force in the ruling coalition, shouted defiance by picking outgoing Prime Minister Jozef Oleksy as their party leader on Saturday despite allegations he had spied for Moscow.
		The overwhelming vote, at a congress of the Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland (SDRP), flaunted the party's confidence in Oleksy, who has quit over security service allegations, which he firmly denies, that he was a spy.
		The SDRP is the core faction of the Democratic Left Alliance, the larger party in the coalition, which also includes the Polish Peasant Party.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/Newsbriefs/9601/01-27/pm.html (1418 words)

	Poland the Olszewski Government
		Although supported by a fragile, unlikely coalition that included the Confederation for an Independent Poland and the Liberal-Democratic Congress, Olszewski was confirmed as prime minister.
		Next to leave was the ultranationalist Confederation for Independent Poland, which was alienated when it was denied control of the Ministry of National Defense.
		Nevertheless, dissension within the coalition continued to weaken and isolate the prime minister at the same time that the two largest parties in the Sejm--Mazowiecki's Democratic Union and the Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland, heir to the PZPR--openly opposed the government.
	www.country-studies.com /poland/the-olszewski-government.html (767 words)

	Poland - The Suchocka Government (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Drawing heavily on the experience of the first three Solidarity governments, Suchocka's cabinet included such well-known figures as Jacek Kuron and Janusz Onyszkiewicz (minister of national defense) of the Democratic Union, Bielecki of the LiberalDemocratic Congress, Eysymontt of the Polish Economic Program, and independent Krzysztof Skubiszewski (minister of foreign affairs).
		Members of the Little Coalition received eleven ministerial posts, most of which were concerned with economic policy; the Christian National Union received five cabinet positions, ensuring it a prominent role in social policy issues such as abortion.
		Noticeably outside the coalition were the Center Alliance, the Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland, and the Confederation for Independent Poland, all of which found their political fortunes declining in mid-1992.
	countrystudies.us /poland/70.htm (285 words)

	Allied Command Transformation - Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Minister of National Defense of the Republic of Poland
		Member of Sejm (Lower House of Parliament), Chairman of the Parliamentary Caucus of the Democratic Left Alliance, Secretary General of the Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland.
		Since the foundation of the Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland in 1990 Mr.
	www.act.nato.int /multimedia/bios/szmajdzinskixpomod.htm (196 words)

	Green Left - Drawing the lines for Polish elections
		Poland's first free parliamentary elections are due in October.
		The majority formed Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland, while a smaller group lead by Tadeusz Fiszbach, who was the party leader in Gdansk, is close to Walesa, says Pinior.
		In some ways it was closer to state capitalism.” Lack of democracy in the old system -- of any opposition strong enough to put forward alternatives and point out mistakes -- was the major reason for its failure, he said.
	www.greenleft.org.au /1991/17/1089 (1276 words)

	Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland - Definition, explanation
		Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland - Definition, explanation
		Socjaldemokracja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej was a social-democratic (post-Communist) political party in Poland created after the fall of Communism.
		Among the creators of SdRP were the current Polish president Aleksander Kwaśniewski;, former speaker of the Sejm Józef Oleksy and former prime minister Leszek Miller.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/s/so/social_democracy_of_the_republic_of_poland.php (139 words)

	Kwasniewski Victory Results From Seized Opportunities
		From his college days in the 1970s as a new member of the PZPR to his role in the 1989 round-table talks that brought democracy to Poland, Kwasniewski has displayed a remarkable political savvy that has allowed him to survive -- and ultimately master -- opposing forces of history.
		Within two years the Democratic Left Alliance, a coalition of leftist parties dominated by his Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland, had become the second-largest entity in Parliament.
		This article may be freely distributed electronically, provided it is distributed in its entirety and includes this notice, but may not be reprinted without the express written permission of The Tech.
	www-tech.mit.edu /Issue/V115/N58/kwas.58w.html (749 words)

	Poland - Parliamentary Elections of October 1991 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		At least five were needed to form a coalition holding a majority of seats in the Sejm.
		The Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland was essentially an ineligible party because of its roots in the PZPR.
		Meanwhile, the grave split of the two leading Solidarity factions made them incompatible in any coalition.
	countrystudies.us /poland/67.htm (285 words)

	Green Left - Democracy the loser in Polish elections
		A failure to resolve, or even to seriously address, underlying factors in Poland's political, social and economic crisis was the foremost outcome of the country's “first free elections”; since World War II.
		He hypocritically blamed the composition of the old parliament for the country's economic, social and political crisis.
		What meaning Kaczynski might reserve for the word “democracy” -- which will be produced by a McCarthyite purge and not a vote of any kind -- is now the nub of the Polish question.
	www.greenleft.org.au /1991/35/226 (1337 words)

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