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	Social Democratic Front - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Social Democratic Front (also known as Front Social-Démocratique) is the main opposition party of Cameroon.
		It is led by Ni John Fru Ndi and receives significant support from the Anglophone regions of the western part of the country.
		Fru Ndi stood as a presidential candidate in 1992, and the party believes he was denied victory "at gunpoint."He has now been largely criticized in the national press for moving residence to Yaounde.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Social_Democratic_Front (191 words)

	RIC Query - Cameroon (20 December 2002) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Reportedly, the Social Democratic Front (SDF) is “by far the largest and most significant opposition party [to the ruling Democratic Rally of the Cameroon People (Rassemblement Démocratique du Peuple Camerounais, RPDC)] in Cameroon” (DIS Feb 2001).
		The SDF was formed in March 1990 in the town of Bamenda in western Cameroon.
		According to the report, “Police detained SDF leader John Fru Ndi on several occasions to prevent him from reaching the city to join in the marches.” In January 2001, security forces dispersed an opposition demonstration that was protesting a new National Election Observatory that would supervise elections.
	uscis.gov /graphics/services/asylum/ric/documentation/CMR03002.htm (2688 words)

	POLITICS-CAMEROON: A Fractured Opposition Risks Shooting Itself in the Foot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Social Democratic Front (SDF), the Democratic Union of Cameroon (Union démocratique du Cameroun, UDC) and the National Union for Democracy and Progress (Union nationale pour la démocratie et le progress, UNDP) are also vying for support — this amidst palpable animosity between Biya and the opposition.
		SDF president John Fru Ndi has long claimed that he was the true winner of the 1992 poll.
		In 2003, the SDF and UDC joined forces to form the National Coalition for Reconciliation and Reconstruction (Coalition nationale pour la réconciliation et la reconstruction, CNRR), with the aim of nominating a single candidate in the race against Biya.
	www.ipsnews.net /africa/interna.asp?idnews=25222 (1012 words)

	[No title]
		Democratic Republic of the Congo 297 - 315 63
		The Government stated that the examination of the case by the Social Justice Commissioner was based on a secondary evaluation of textual materials and was undertaken without witnesses being called or evidence being tested.
		Volodya Chernaev, a Social Democratic Party activist, is said to have been arrested and to have been taken to the Partizanzky police station.
	www.hri.ca /fortherecord2000/documentation/commission/e-cn4-2000-9.htm (20201 words)

	IRIN Focus on post-election developments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sani Alhadji, former SDF chairman for the province, said the move stemmed from grievances such as "the non- respect of principles laid down in the manifesto and statutes of the SDF" and the "non-resolution of conflicts within the party".
		The crisis in the SDF was heightened by a perception that its leader, John Fru Ndi, had violated resolutions adopted on 6 July by the party's national executive.
		During a televised broadcast on 3 August, Fru Ndi said that despite the denigrating statements made by his former colleagues, the SDF was in fact a national party, having presented candidates for the legislative elections in 175 of the 180 constituencies.
	www.irinnews.org /print.asp?ReportID=29295 (1535 words)

	ZNet \| Africa \| Flawed Polls and US Observers in Cameroon
		This was marked by the forceful launching of the SDF party of NI John Fru Ndi in Bamenda.
		The opposition SDF claimed victory, which, according to its national leader, John Fru Ndi, was hijacked by the incumbent.
		CPDM militants had expected their party's candidate to be democratically chosen in an extra-ordinary congress where challenges were expected.
	www.zmag.org /content/print_article.cfm?itemID=6480§ionID=2 (1789 words)

	Pambazuka News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The province that evaded it was North-West - the heartland of the SDF leadership.
		Fru Ndi's foundation of the SDF in 1990 is rightly regarded as a key moment in Cameroon's recent history - an event that continues to enhance his stature despite repeated election defeats and the apparent decline of support for the SDF outside its North-Western heartland.
		The foundation of the Anglophone-dominated Social Democratic Front (SDF) in 1990 and the large-scale defections of senior RDPC figures to opposition groups forced the regime to legalise opposition parties, if only to avoid a further breakdown of the social and political order presaged by often violent demonstrations in support of democratisation.
	www.pambazuka.org /index.php?id=25092 (3297 words)

	FASCISM AND SOCIAL REVOLUTION
		From this typical Social Democratic view of Fascism as "the organised attempt to introduce Socialist planning with the consent of Big Business," representing "to a certain extent a temporary harmony between the interests of the masses and those of the capitalists," it is obviously no very far step to cooperation with Fascism, 13.
		It is necessary to see them in relation to the whole social development, to the basic issue underlying all these forms, the issue of the rule of the bourgoisie or of the proletariat, of capitalism or socialism, on which the future of the human race depends.
		Social Democracy because of its mass basis, was the main weapon of capitalism in the years immediately after the war for the rebuilding of capitalism.
	www.plp.org /books/Dutt.html (16358 words)

	Christian Democratic Front (FDC)
		The FDC was founded in late 1990 by former members of the Frente de Resistência Nacional de São Tomé and Príncipe [National Resistance Front of São Tomé and Príncipe] (FRNSTP).
		The demonstration would end in front of the Prime Minister’s office and the demonstrators would remain there until Das Neves’s dismissal had been announced.
		The takeover ended on 23 July with the reinstallation of the democratically elected government.
	saotome-principe.tripod.com /political_parties_fdc.html (1404 words)

	AllRefer.com - Finland - The Social Democratic Party \| Finnish Information Resource
		After the defeat of the left in the civil war and the departure of radical elements from its ranks, however, the SDP was reconstituted in the same year under the leadership of the moderate Vainö Tanner, an opponent of the use of violence for political ends.
		After the defeat of the communists in the 1948 elections, the SDP held all cabinet posts in the minority government of 1948-1950; however, thereafter the party participated in cabinets on an irregular basis, and it was riven by internal struggles until the 1960s.
		They formed the Social Democratic Union of Workers and Small Farmers (Työvaen ja Pienviljelijain Sosialidemokraattinen Liitto--TPSL), a splinter group that contested elections and was included in several governments until the 1970s, when it expired and most of its remaining members returned to the SDP.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/finland/finland143.html (1266 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		INTRO: Cameroon's main opposition party, the Social Democratic Front, is calling on the government to annul the results of Sunday's legislative and municipal elections.
		Party leaders allege there was massive fraud in the poll, which was the first legislative election to be held in the Central African nation in five years.
		The main opposition party, the Social Democratic Front, S-D-F, however, says one week was not enough time to correct what it says were other problems regarding the distribution of voter registration cards.
	www.help-for-you.com /news/Jul2002/scripts/361e9ec9.html (355 words)

	In Defence of Marxism - Red Vienna is back again!
		Ever since the democratic revolution of 1918 this city has been governed by the Social Democrats, with just two interruptions: the period of Austro-Fascism, followed by the Nazi regime (1934-1945), and the period from 1996 to 2001, when the party lost its absolute majority and collaborated with the weak Conservative party.
		To this day the trade-union and Social Democratic leaders have tried to stay in the same boat with the capitalists, although this no longer achieves any gains for the workers and their families.
		The victory of the Social Democratic party represents a blow against the reactionary bourgeois government.
	www.marxist.com /austria-red-vienna160401.htm (1636 words)

	[No title]
		The two parties, the Social Democratic Front and the Democratic Union of Cameroon could not agree on a single candidate for the election, but they now agree on demanding the vote's cancellation.
		Lawyers for the two parties say they will also bring up other complaints, such as alleged intimidation of opposition representatives at polling stations, multiple voting by government supporters, the use of ink to identify voters which was not indelible and attacks on opposition militants.
		A member of the Social Democratic Front communication team, Jean Takougang, says everything must be done to prevent President Biya from remaining in power.
	quickstart.clari.net /voa/art/cu/16DD847D-9492-4ECC-A7DB2A637F8774A3.html (364 words)

	The history of the Republic of Cameroon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The government of President Paul Biya manifests an increasing disregard for the human rights of his political opposition—mostly supporters of the Social Democratic Front (SDF) in North-West and South-West Provinces, which are strongholds of the opposition as well as English-speaking autonomists.
		Many of the supporters of the main opposition political party, the Social Democratic Front (SDF), remain in detention after being arrested during the period of the presidential election on 12 October 1997.
		The SDF and the Union nationale pour la democratie et le progres (UNDP) and smaller opposition parties boycotted the election.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/35/index-bb.html (233 words)

	afrol News - Your Portal to Africa!
		The Foundation for Democracy in Africa is a Washington based NGO, dedicated to implement the principles of culturally based democratic government within the African society and bringing the countries of Africa into the mainstream of the global economy through free enterprise.
		Power to the people: The Role of Electronic Media in Promoting Democratic in Africa is an analysis of the role of electronic media in promoting the formation of democratic political regimes in Africa.
		The Movement for Democratic Change, MDC, is the symbol of opposition in Zimbabwe.
	www.afrol.com /html/Index/politicsindex.htm (2631 words)

	Current State of Democracy in the Republic of Cameroon
		As the Cold War ended and a wave of democratization began to sweep across Africa and other parts of the world Biya reluctantly permitted the formation of political parties in 1990, after several attempts by the Biya regime to crush the movement for multiparty politics in Cameroon.
		The first multiparty presidential and legislative elections were held in 1992 and were administered by Cameroon's Ministry of Territorial Administration (Interior), despite requests by the opposition for an independent election commission to conduct the poll.
		In the current 180-seat Parliament, the ruling party (Rassemblemeus Democratique du Peuple Camerounais - RDPC), holds 109 seats, the Social Democratic Front (SDF) holds 43 seats, the Union Nationale pour la democratique et le progres (UNDP) holds 13 seats and the Union democratique du Cameroun (UDC) holds five seats.
	www.tffcam.org /foundation/democracy.htm (676 words)

	BSDP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is wide open for all social groups, for every single person who supports the social democratic values.
		Our party is facing all democratic and socially orientated people, who wish to live in a society fairer and dignified.
		The promotion of the social and civil human rights is an example of the merit of the moderate democratic left.
	www.bsdp.info /en/en.html (967 words)

	African Political Parties and Organizations on the Web
		In English and Portuguese."Founded in the late 80's from UDA (Association of Angolan Democrats), an Angolan underground movement, formed and operating from London by an exiled politician during the era of one-party Marxists state in Angola.
		See also information on Democratic Forces Front, GAD "a transliteration of the word 'serious' in Arabic--stands for a joint force of southerners and northerners in Sudan fighting for democracy and human rights." On the web site of DC Registry which offers free web pages to Washington D.C. individuals/organizations.
		"The National Democratic Alliance-NDA- is the umbrella group of all the major Sudanese opposition organizations, and SAF was one of the original four members (with DUP, Umma Party and SPLA)." Based in Poland.
	www-sul.stanford.edu /depts/ssrg/africa/political-parties-africa.html (7764 words)

	Kinshasa Daily - news and current events. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The MPs of the Opposition Social Democratic Front, SDF, have once more written to the Minister of Justice and keeper of the Seals, Ahmadou A...
		A proposed amendment of the Constitution of the Social Democratic Front, SDF, has triggered conflict in the party.The document issued by the...
		The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) on Monday accused Uganda of "massacring Congolese nationals"...
	archive.wn.com /2005/04/16/1400/kinshasa (562 words)

	Elections in Guinea-Bissau
		Alliance, ASG - Guinean Socialist Alliance, FCG-SD - Guinean Civic Forum-Social Democracy, FD - Democratic Front, FDS - Democratic Social Front, FLING - Front for the Liberation and Independence of Guinea, LIPE - Guinean League for Ecological Protection, MDG - Guinean Democratic Movement, MUDE - Movement for Unity and Democracy,
		Following the overthrow of the Cabral regime in 1980 and a four-year period of military rule, the National People’s Assembly elected João Bernardo Vieira President on 16 May 1984.
		Carlos Gomes was an independent candidate supported by Democratic* Convergence Party (PCD) whose leader, Victor Mandinga, was not eligible to run for President under the current election laws, which require that both parents of the candidate be Guineans born in the country.
	africanelections.tripod.com /gw.html (538 words)

	Inter Press Service News Agency
		If we can't do that, then the election should be postponed in the interests of the country,” says John Fru Ndi, head of the Social Democratic Front (SDF) - Cameroon's main opposition party.
		His words are echoed by officials from the opposition Democratic Union of Cameroon (Union démocratique du Cameroun, UDC), who told IPS that voter lists ôare for the most part selective, and that they could ruin an opposition candidate's chances for success.”
		Fru Ndi, who claims that he was cheated of the presidency in 1992, is reported as saying that Ndam Njoya's selection had not been democratic.
	www.ipsnews.net /africa/print.asp?idnews=25621 (873 words)

	2007: Atiku not favoured by Obasanjo, PDP â¢VPâs loyalist cries out - OnlineNigeria.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Abdullahi, who is a leading PDM member, said as a prelude to the 2007 presidential race, Obasanjo had been busy positioning his loyalists in strategic positions within the party while PDM elements suspected to be loyal to Atiku were being thrown out.
		Insisting that PDP had degenerated to an assembly of members of a cabal where Obasanjo was the only one calling the shots, he warned, âWe are not going to surrender the party to anyone.
		A major plank on which they are foisting their game plan of this group is that when Obasanjo meets with leaders of political parties next week, they will insist that the Independent National Electoral Commission should commence the registration of new parties.
	nm.onlinenigeria.com /templates?a=4355&z=4 (1978 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Africa \| Minister fired for election delay
		She said many irregularities had been witnessed, including non-distribution of voting cards and the rejection of opposition candidate lists in constituencies around the country, saying it had all contributed to the mounting tension.
		Tazoacha Asonganji, secretary general of the main opposition Social Democratic Front, said: "It is proof again, with immediacy, that Mr Biya is not democratic."
		President Biya, who took over power from his late predecessor in 1982, wants to increase his majority in parliament where his Cameroon People's Democratic Movement has 116 of 180 members.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/africa/2061700.stm (417 words)

	Reference Documents for the Social Democratic Front
		Conditions of elections within the SDF (June 2001)
		Manifesto of the Social Democratic Front - Foreword
		This is the Constitution and the Internal Rules and Regulations of the Social Democratic Front.
	www.sdfparty.org /english/references (93 words)

	Cameroon opposition parties allege massive fraud in presidential vote (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		YAOUNDE (AFP) - Cameroon's main opposition parties said the central African country's presidential election was marred by "serious irregularities" and announced that they intend to ask for the result of the vote to be annulled.
		Territorial Administration Minister Marafa Hamidou Yaya said earlier Tuesday that partial results showed John Fru Ndi, the Social Democratic Front (SDF) contender in the presidential race, to be in the lead in North-West Province, with the country's veteran leader Paul Biya leading in the other nine provinces.
		Ndam Njoya was only able to "confirm his presence" in his home region of Noun, in the west of the country, Hamidou Yaya said, while insisting that he was basing his statements on "partial figures" and that "the constitutional court is the only body authorised to give the final figures."
	www.turkishpress.com /news.asp?id=30512 (330 words)

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