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Topic: Social capital

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Capital (economics)

Social network

Bowling Alone

James Coleman (sociologist)

Human capital

Intellectual capital

Factors of production

Bourdieu

Pierre Bourdieu

Social democracy

Social mobility

Robert Putnam

Social contract

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	Social Capital and Civil Society - Francis Fukuyama - Prepared for delivery at the IMF Conference on Second Generation ...
		Social capital is important to the efficient functioning of modern economies, and is the sine qua non of stable liberal democracy.
		Social capital is clearly spontaneously generated all the time through the playing of iterated PD games.
		Social capital is frequently a byproduct of religion, tradition, shared historical experience, and other factors that lie outside the control of any government.
	www.imf.org /external/pubs/ft/seminar/1999/reforms/fukuyama.htm (6832 words)

	Social capital - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Social capital is a concept with a variety of inter-related definitions, based on the value of social networks.
		The analogy with capital is however misleading to the extent that, unlike traditional forms of capital, social capital is not depleted by use, but in fact depleted by non-use ("use it or lose it").
		Bridging social capital is argued to have a host of other benefits for societies, governments, individuals, and communities; Putnam likes to note that joining an organization cuts in half an individual's chance of dying within the next year.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Social_capital (1422 words)

	Social Capital* - Mario Tronti (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Capital's process of socialization is the specific materials base upon which is founded, on a certain level, the process of development of capitalism.
		Even in terms of individual capital, capital is a social relation, and the individual capitalist is the personification of this relation: he is a function of his own capital.
		But in terms of social capital, capital comes to represent all capitalists, and the individual capitalist is reduced to an individual personification of this totality: the direct functionary, no longer of his own capital, but of the capitalist class.
	www.geocities.com /cordobakaf/tronti_social_capital.html (8772 words)

	social capital: civic community and education
		The possession of social capital did not necessarily run alongside that of economic capital, but it still was, in his view, an attribute of elites, a means by particular networks held onto power and advantage.
		In Field's word, he 'presumed that social capital generally functions to mask the naked profit-seeking of its holders, and is therefore inimical with the open democratic society that he espoused in his journalism and political activism' (2003: 19).
		Those concerned with social capital have looked to the density of social networks that people are involved in; the extent to which they are engaged with others in informal, social activities; and their membership of groups and associations (see la via associative).
	www.infed.org /biblio/social_capital.htm (6311 words)

	The problems with 'social capital' - theage.com.au
		Social capitalists distinguish such relationships from the material conditions of social life ("physical capital") and the attributes of individual social actors ("human capital").
		Societies rich in social capital are said to be characterised by dense and extensive networks of trusting and co-operative relationships underscored by a heightened ethic of social reciprocity.
		The concern with social capital promises a filleted vision of community, in which the complexity and depth that comes with abiding bonds with others is colonised for its economic utility.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2003/07/18/1058035195873.html (775 words)

	CPN - Tools
		Social capital is productive, since two farmers exchanging tools can get more work done with less physical capital; rotating credit associations can generate pools of financial capital for increased entrepreneurial activity; and job searches can be more efficient if information is embedded in social networks.
		Social capital also tends to cumulate when it is used, and be depleted when not, thus creating the possibility of both virtuous and vicious cycles that manifest themselves in highly civic and uncivic communities.
		The concept of social capital is meant to respond to a variety of problems in the United States today, though clearly its relevance and supporting research is international in scope.
	www.cpn.org /tools/dictionary/capital.html (2926 words)

	Social Capital, Paul Bullen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		(2000-2002) aimed to examine levels of social capital associated with varying family circumstances and to assess the importance of social capital in shaping patterns of family engagement with the economy, polity and community.
		The study includes a multidimensional analysis of social capital at the micro and macro levels in Broken Hill, in relation to cross-sector collaboration, interaction with economic, human and ecological factors, the role of community organisations and the social entrepreneur.
		This Global Social Capital Survey, which includes questions on: groups and networks; subjective well-being; political engagement; sociability and everyday social interactions; community activities; relations with government; identity; violence and crime; communications; and demographics, was conducted in Uganda (and a similar version in Ghana) during 1998-99.
	www.mapl.com.au /A13.htm (3567 words)

	ConservationEconomy.net Pattern Browser (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Social capital is poorly understood, loosely measured, and chronically undervalued.
		Social Capital includes education, governance, religious institutions, neighborhood groups and associations, Cultural Diversity, languages, libraries and other knowledge archives, health-care facilities, community development corporations, legal and police systems, and so forth.
		Social Capital, like Natural Capital, suffers from chronic underinvestment because its stream of benefits, including safety and Security, friendship and Community, a sense of civic identity, Access to Knowledge, and many others, is hard to quantify in economic terms.
	www.conservationeconomy.net /content.cfm?PatternID=2 (468 words)

	Bowling Alone, by Robert Putnam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Social capital refers to the collective value of all "social networks" [who people know] and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other ["norms of reciprocity"].
		The term social capital emphasizes not just warm and cuddly feelings, but a wide variety of quite specific benefits that flow from the trust, reciprocity, information, and cooperation associated with social networks.
		Social capital creates value for the people who are connected and - at least sometimes - for bystanders as well.
	www.bowlingalone.com /socialcapital.php3 (554 words)

	ISUMA : Social Capital Measurement and Consequences (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Some forms of social capital, such as a PTA (Parent-Teacher Association) organization, a national organization of any sort, or a labour union, formally organized with a chairperson, a president and membership dues, are highly formal.
		It is not an accident that the low social capital is very clearly associated with the depth of slavery in the 19th century, because slavery as a system and the post-slavery reconstruction period were institutionally designed to destroy social capital.
		The fact that community levels of human and social capital appear to increase happiness, while the reverse is true for income, suggests to me that returns from human and social capital are far broader than whatever positive effects they may have on material standards of living.
	www.isuma.net /v02n01/putnam/putnam_e.shtml (4180 words)

	Social Capital for Development - Home Page - from PovertyNet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The draft questionnaire is the result of a wide range of experiences with collecting and analyzing data on social capital.
		The Inter-American Initiative on Social Capital, Ethics and Development aspires to be a catalyst in awakening interest in ethics, development and social capital in governments, businesses, labor unions, universities, religious communities, nongovernmental organizations and organizations of all kinds that work for the collective well-being of societies everywhere.
		The main objectives of the project are to establish the various interpretations of social capital across Government, seek agreement on the framework and maintain a network of people involved in social capital.
	www1.worldbank.org /prem/poverty/scapital (705 words)

	Social Capital as Credit. Many-to-Many: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Social capital, or aggregate (connected) reputation, is a form of credit.
		When middle class parents and grandparents chat with their children, they pass on a form of cultural and social advantage that is social capital (the original definition of social capital).
		The global reputation is the institution centric social capital, the local is the family centric.
	many.corante.com /archives/2003/11/24/social_capital_as_credit.php (1936 words)

	ipedia.com: Social capital Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Social capital "refers to the collective value of all ' social networks ' and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other," according to Robert Putnam, author of Bowlin...
		The term "capital" is used by analogy with other forms of economic capital, as social capital is argued to have similar benefits, and as a result is now considered by institutions such as the World Bank in deciding policy.
		Social capital is also argued to have a host of other benefits for societies, governments, individuals, and communities; Putnam likes to note that joining an organization cuts an invidual's chance of dying in the next year in half.
	www.ipedia.com /social_capital.html (300 words)

	The Global quest for Solidarity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		"The social capital of the family is the relation between children and parents (and, when families include other members, relationships with them as well)," he wrote.
		384).The social capital of the community "resides in the functional community, the actual social relationships that exist among parents, in the closure exhibited by the structure of relations, and in the parent's relations with the institutions of the community" (p.
		Social capital is the relationship between people that enable institutions to function.
	www.crossroad.to /text/articles/solidarity.html (1521 words)

	Social Networking in Academia -- The Collaboration Network of Paul Erdos
		He practiced what he preached -- he was also a weaver of social networks and thus a builder of social capital.
		Some say that a dense, cohesive network brings more social capital, while others argue that a sparse, radial network, one that provides opportunities for innovation and entrepreneurial activity, equates to greater social capital.
		According to Ron Burt -- a leading expert on social capital -- this structure may be the optimal pattern for success.
	www.orgnet.com /Erdos.html (344 words)

	Virtual Bookshelf
		The social capital literature review discusses the key issues with regard to the definition and measurement of social capital and examines the implications of social capital for policy makers.
		The matrix details twenty one major surveys which contain questions relating to social capital, tabulating in matrix form which facets of social capital and which type of questions are included in each survey.
		This paper provides background information on the conceptualisation and measurement of social capital among young people aged 16 to 24 years, and outlines the aims and objectives of the joint project between the Office for National Statistics and the Department for Education and Skills.
	www.statistics.gov.uk /socialcapital/project.asp (474 words)

	Virtual Bookshelf
		Social capital describes the pattern and intensity of networks among people and the shared values which arise from those networks.
		While definitions of social capital vary, the main aspects are citizenship, neighbourliness, trust and shared values, community involvement, volunteering, social networks and civic participation.
		Social capital is a multi-faceted concept and as a result it is extremely difficult to measure.
	www.statistics.gov.uk /socialcapital (185 words)

	Social Software (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Some examples of social software are weblogs, wikis, forums, chat environments, or instant messaging, and related tools and data structures for identity, integration, interchange and analysis.
		Some are almost entirely centered around emergent social interaction, like There and the rest of the upcoming crop of open-ended shared spaces.
		Francis Fukayama, in Trust, principally discusses the correlation between social capital and the prosperity of nations.
	many.corante.com /20030401.shtml (3300 words)

	Social Capital Gateway - Resources for the study of social capital edited by Fabio Sabatini
		Social Capital and Financial Inclusion, in Edinburgh, 9 November 2007.
		This section catalogues social capital studies according to the particular country to which the main focus is devoted.
		Social Capital and Financial Inclusion, in Edinburgh, October 2007.
	www.socialcapitalgateway.org (603 words)

	Conserving Social Capital - VentureBlog
		The more I think about social networking products that are intended to expand and strengthen social connections in the name of business opportunity the more I think that they misunderstand the fundamental nature of social capital.
		Social capital is just that, "capital." If you aren't careful you can spend it all up.
		First to disagree: continuing the "capital" metaphor, while you are correct that it is easy to waste capital through dissipation, it is also very easy to render that capital irrelevant (for value creation) by non-use.
	www.ventureblog.com /articles/indiv/2003/000214.html (2611 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Social capital
		Putnam also speaks of two main components of the concept: bonding social capital and bridging social capital.
		The former refering to the value assigned to social networks between homogenous peoples and the latter to that of social networks between socially heterogeneous peoples.
		It may subsume some others concepts such as Bourdieu, Coleman, Flap, Putnam and Eriksson as noted in Nan Lin book "Social Capital" (2001; Cambridge University Press).
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Social_capital (424 words)

	Social Capital - Designing and Building Healthy Places, CDC
		Circumstances that prevent or limit the availability of social capital for a community and its members can have a negative effect on the health and well-being of the members of that community.
		HERL has done studies on issues dealing with social capital and the environment, including one called “Neighbors and Nature.” (http://www.herl.uiuc.edu/Neighbors.htm).
		Additional information on social capital and related topics can be found in the Additional Resources section.
	www.cdc.gov /healthyplaces/healthtopics/social.htm (271 words)

	MBSpring Syllabi
		The agent help me build social capital by providing a fairer and less personal control of meetings avoiding the need to hurt feelings by not recognizing someone or having to cut someone off.
		Consider a social periphery tool that allows people to get a sense of what their co-workers are doing in an unobtrusive way.
		At the same time, we might use it as a test bed to begin to get some sense of what social capital is and how systems might need to be designed to preserve and enhance it.
	www.sis.pitt.edu /~spring/courses/ds_soc_cap.html (1595 words)

	What Is Social Capital - Robin Good' Sharewood Tidings
		Social capital represents the degree of social cohesion which exists in communities.
		Social capital enhances the benefits of investment in physical and human capital.
		Social Capital: "The degree to which a community or society collaborates and cooperates (through such mechanisms as networks, shared trust, norms and values) to achieve mutual benefits."...
	www.masternewmedia.org /2004/05/06/what_is_social_capital.htm (1260 words)

	Social Capital - New Hampshire Charitable Foundation
		The New Hampshire Charitable Foundation released new social capital data on March 29, 2007.
		This latest study shows that the state’s social capital measures have remained high relative to the national average.
		"Social capital" refers to the bonds that tie a community together–bonds that make communities safer, schools better and people healthier.
	www.nhcf.org /page33462.cfm (176 words)

	Human and Social Capital:Department
		Human capital is the familiar notion that knowledge, skills and attributes derived from education, training and experience, represent some of our most valuable resources.
		The idea of social capital is less familiar, but recent research has highlighted the importance of established social relationships, norms of behaviour and mutual trust in many kinds of social and economic endeavour.
		Investment in human capital is to the fore of debate and analysis in OECD countries about how to promote economic prosperity, fuller employment, and social cohesion.
	www.oecd.org /department/0,2688,en_2649_34543_1_1_1_1_1,00.html (333 words)

	Better Together, an initiative of the Saguaro Seminar: Civic Engagement in America, Kennedy School of Government
		learning about jobs, learning about candidates running for office, exchanging ideas at college, etc.) depend on social capital norms of reciprocity (mutual aid) are dependent on social networks.
		Social capital can be found in friendship networks, neighborhoods, churches, schools, bridge clubs, civic associations, and even bars.
		Portes, Alejandro and Patricia Landolt, "The Downside of Social Capital." The American Prospect 26 (May-June 1996): 18-21, 94.
	www.bettertogether.org /socialcapital.htm (603 words)

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