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Topic: Social institution

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Social institution
		Social organisation or social institution is a group of social positions, connected by social relations, perfoming a social role.
		Institutions are identified with a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of rules governing human behavior.
		While institutions tend to appear to people in society as part of the natural, unchanging landscape of their lives, study of institutions by the social sciences tends to reveal the nature of institutions as social constructions, artifacts of a particular time, culture and society, produced by human choice, though not directly by individual intention.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Social-institution (327 words)

	Social organisation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Social organisation or social institution is a group of social positions, connected by social relations, perfoming a social role.
		The term institution is in sociology sometimes used interchangeably with the term organisation, as when referring to a formal organisation like a hospital or a prison.
		For example, for family context the corresponding social organisation is of course the family.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Social_institution (288 words)

	Hoover Institution - Policy Review - Marriage and the Limits of Contract
		Parents can’t raise their eyebrows and expect children to conform to the socially accepted norms of behavior, because there are no socially accepted norms of behavior.
		I say the details of this particular form of free association are so distinctive as to make marriage a unique social institution that deserves to be defended on its own terms and not as a special case of something else.
		Given this social and cultural environment, it is completely unrealistic to think that we can muster the political will to deprive unmarried parents of the use of the courts to prosecute their claims against one another.
	www.hoover.org /publications/policyreview/2939396.html (5097 words)

	Institution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Institutions are identified with a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of rules governing human behavior.
		Institutions are a central concern for law, the formal regime for political rule-making and enforcement.
		While institutions tend to appear to people in society as part of the natural, unchanging landscape of their lives, study of institutions by the social sciences tends to reveal the nature of institutions as social constructions, artifacts of a particular time, culture and society, produced by human choice, though not directly by individual intention.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Institution (850 words)

	SOCIAL VIOLENCE AND THE SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
		Eventually they agreed on the formulation that the Bulgarian social welfare service was a case of an institution in crisis and that there were at least two levels at which the experience and the manifestations of the crisis had to be considered in parallel: the "macro" or institutional level and the "micro" or individual level.
		The social welfare institution had interpreted the increment of manpower in its ranks as an encouragement to spread and tighten its habitual practice of control, and not as an opportunity to reconsider critically its role under the new conditions of a society attempting to become reconciled with civility.
		The state employees of the social service were relieved to share this belief with the rest of the culture because it provided support to their interpretation of their social work role as one of gatekeeping and not as one of helping or facilitating.
	www.human-nature.com /hraj/ttsocvi.html (7768 words)

	The Origins of the Psychological Experiment as a Social Institution (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the social system of the contemporary mainstream experiment the function of serving as a data source is confined to the subject role, and this function cannot be combined with theoretical conceptualization, task administration, or publishing.
		Admittance to these institutes and research seminars was restricted, but once students were accepted they became involved in a collaborative enterprise; although the direction was determined by the professor, there was also a basic demand that students involve themselves actively in the material under investigation.
		The social interactions that are necessary for psychological experimentation were not designed from scratch on the basis of purely rational considerations but simply grew out of patterns of interaction that were already familiar to the participants.
	htpprints.yorku.ca /archive/00000027/01/experiment.htm (5467 words)

	Floyd Henry Allport: The Nature of Institutions (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The first view treats the data of social science as upon a plane separate from the data of natural science, and as comprising entities which are "super-individual" and uniquely "social." From this standpoint institutions are entities having a kind of structure.
		The general treatment of the book thus dignifies institutions by treating them as a field of objective facts and implying that they have a "psychology" of their own which in some paradoxical manner is distinct from the psychology of human individuals.
		Institutions in the sociological sense are descriptive categories which have a real value in pointing out ranges of human phenomena which the isolated laboratory psychologist would never see.
	spartan.ac.brocku.ca /~lward/Allport/Allport_1927e.html (6592 words)

	[No title]
		Purpose of the Provision of Social Care Services The purpose of the provision of social care services is to ensure that the quality of life does not deteriorate for a person who, due to old age or functional disorders, cannot ensure such through his or her own effort.
		Purpose of the Provision of Social Rehabilitation Services The purpose of the provision of social rehabilitation services is to prevent or reduce the negative social consequences in the life of a person caused by a disability, incapacity for employment, the serving of a sentence of deprivation of liberty, addiction or violence and other factors.
		Professional Tasks of Social Workers (1) The professional activity of a social worker shall be aimed at achieving and promoting the practical resolution of social problems of an individual and improvement in his or her quality of life, integration into society, and the ability to help himself or herself.
	www.ttc.lv /New/lv/tulkojumi/E0667.doc (2886 words)

	BPM 66 - Protecting the Confidentiality of Social Security Numbers
		Institutions should implement those requirements with delayed compliance dates in a steady and purposeful manner so that they are fully implemented no later than the specified respective compliance dates.
		Institutions shall establish priorities for all systems, processes, and services that are out of compliance and shall establish a plan for remediating or replacing them.
		The institution shall require employees sending social security numbers by fax to take appropriate measures to protect the confidentiality of the fax (such measures may include confirming with the recipient that the recipient is monitoring the fax machine).
	www.utsystem.edu /BPM/66.htm (2922 words)

	Reforming Social Security: A Balanced Plan (Site not responding. Last check: )
		First, we introduce mandatory Social Security coverage for newly hired state and local government workers to ensure that eventually all workers bear a portion of the cost of the benefits paid out to earlier generations.
		Moreover, the life of the Social Security trust fund is not only extended throughout the projection period, but the trust fund is slowly rising (relative to annual benefits) at the end of the seventy-five-year period, as shown above in figure 1.
		Social Security plays a critical role in the lives of millions of Americans and in the federal budget, so reform is naturally controversial.
	www.brookings.edu /comm/policybriefs/pb126.htm (2451 words)

	Telecommuting: The new wave of workplace technology will create a flood of change in social institution \| Human ...
		It has the potential to change the arrangement of child care and educational institutions, revolutionize family relationships, radically alter the wage bargain, shift the distribution of income to the technologically literate, affect marital relations, and foster a social consciousness that is centered in individual independence and freedom.
		An important part of Veblen's social theory was the force of technology eroding institutions, beliefs, and conventions inherited from past barbarian cultures by affecting the mental habits of those exposed to the workings of the machine process.
		The cultural effects of the mentality shaped by the influence of machine technol ogy are to erode the social conventions inherited from barbarian and savage cultures.
	www.allbusiness.com /human-resources/employee-development-employee-productivity/1162100-1.html (3144 words)

	Family In Social Organization
		The relations of superiority, subordination, and equality, which enter so largely into the structure of all social institutions, are especially clearly illustrated in the family in the relations of parents to children, of children to parents, of parents to each other, and of children to one another.
		While the childless family may be of social utility to the individuals that form it, nevertheless from the point of view of society such a family has failed to perform its most important function and must be considered, therefore, socially a failure.
		All that need be said at present about the delegation of the industrial activities of the family to other industrial institutions is that the movement is not one which need cause any anxiety so long as it does not interfere with the essential function of the family, namely, the birth and rearing of children.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles30/sociology-3.shtml (2025 words)

	Meridian Magazine : Family Leader Network: How You Can Explain Why Our Society Should Preserve Marriage
		These are all social goods that prove valuable, independent of one’s religious belief, but they all depend on the marriage institution having as a core meaning the union of a man and a woman.
		A social institution defined at its core as the union of any two individuals, regardless of gender, is unmistakably different from man/woman marriage.
		A social institution such as marriage can withstand a few people, even many, playing games with the core meanings that make up the institution. If ten, twenty, or even a few hundred or few thousand people were to suddenly decide that the twenty dollar bill in my wallet is valueless, that wouldn’t affect its value.
	www.ldsmag.com /familyleadernetwork/051109Explain.html (2204 words)

	Leisure and Gendered Hegemony
		Sociologists define a social institution as a structured pattern of opportunities and behaviors that fulfills an important social function.
		Social institutions include obvious structures like educational or medical systems as well as more invisible patterns such as the normative structures for family and religion.
		Leisure flourished as a social institution because it also supported autonomy and independence which were becoming increasingly valued by our society.
	www.coe.uga.edu /~dsamdahl/NWSA.html (2230 words)

	edit02 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A social institution is a system of values which takes in “ALL” the values relating to a particular function of a culture, whether those values are positive, negative, or neutral.
		The religious institution deals with the relationship of the human to the Divine; the finite to the Infinite; the tangible to the Transcendent; the manifestation to the Ideal.
		The institution of marriage and family structures the social factory through which replacements for society are manufactured; social replacements are created and shaped to fit the social structure and perpetuate the group.
	www.valdosta.edu /~elwarric/editindx/edit02.htm (483 words)

	SSRC :: The Corporation as a Social Institution Fellowship :: The Corporation as a Social Institution
		The program on the Corporation as a Social Institution is part of a larger initiative on the study of business institutions in society.
		The program was targeted for graduate students working on projects that focus on corporations or firms, and students were encouraged to submit proposals for their projects.
		Based on the intellectual strength of their proposals, a group of the most promising graduate students working on the social aspects of the corporation was selected to participate in this program.
	www.ssrc.org /fellowships/corporation (393 words)

	Lebanonwire.com \| The Lebanese family: An important social institution
		Gurus of new social democratic political thinking in Europe and the United States trumpet the need to safeguard “social capital” the stock of benefits that flow from trust, reciprocity and cooperation associated with social networks.
		Social networks based around parents, sisters, brothers, cousins, aunts and uncles are stronger than those in Northern Europe and America.
		Petty crime, homelessness and anti-social behavior are virtually non-existent in Beirut, and the strong family unit and high levels of social capital must be at least partially to thank for this.
	www.lebanonwire.com /0402/04020919DS.asp (552 words)

	Behavior and Social Issues: Higher education: Social institution or business?
		Birnbaum is professor of higher education at the University of Maryland, College Park and a former higher education administrator.2 Smith is chair of sociology at Queens College, CUNY and also a former administrator.
		In addition, higher education institutions are subject to control by external forces, such as legislatures, that may mandate or proscribe certain practices.
		Fads are adopted in response to claims that higher education faces a crisis or that institutions are stagnating.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4032/is_200110/ai_n8958546 (1361 words)

	Durkheim - The Work - Sociology of Religion
		Durkheim's earlier concern with social regulation was in the main focused on the more external forces of control, more particularly legal regulations that can be studied, so he argued, in the law books and without regard to individuals.
		Religion is eminently social: it occurs in a social context, and, more importantly, when men celebrate sacred things, they unwittingly celebrate the power of their society.
		On the most general plane, religion as a social institution serves to give meaning to man's existential predicaments by tying the individual to that supra-individual sphere of transcendent values which is ultimately rooted in his society.
	www.hewett.norfolk.sch.uk /curric/soc/durkheim/durkw3.htm (1272 words)

	Accounting--A Social Institution — www.greenwood.com
		A systematic multidisciplinary (financial accounting, microeconomics, social science) perspective is offered as a solution to make accounting reports more informative to decision makers as they allocate resources for the betterment of society.
		Instead, it begins with a set of fundamental assumptions about the social value of human service organizations (HSOs), providing the intellectual framework for the evaluation of these institutions in relation to the social value which they purport to furnish.
		Accounting is a social institution whose chief function is measurement.
	www.greenwood.com /catalog/HPJ/.aspx (743 words)

	Social Welfare Institution (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The historical development of the social welfare institution will be explored, with special emphasis upon the values, attitudes, and ideologies which have and continue to shape social welfare policies and programs.
		The contemporary scope of the social welfare institution will also be examined, including an overview of current programs and the impact these programs have had on reducing social problems and on the people they are designed to serve.
		The future of social welfare will be considered as well as the elements and potentiality of an American society that can fully meet the living needs of its entire population.
	www2.cedarcrest.edu /academic/soc/sow202.htm (1711 words)

	[No title]
		A social institution is influenced by many factors: politics, money, people, ethical+moral issues, etc. As a social institution, science cannot avoid being exposed to these factors.
		A social institution can be a religious denomination, an educational program, a political lobbyist group, a governmental agency, etc. Michigan State University is a social institution.
		I think it would be extremely hard to find a social institute, which consists of society, that is not affected by the same problems that society is affected by.
	www.msu.edu /~rossjoan/sp1997/GROUPR3.HTM (4324 words)

	[No title]
		Early in this century, the library field ideologically adopted the social organizational structure which came into existence with the modern library as not only an expedient but even a normative solution to selecting, collecting, organizing and delivering for wide social use the predominant form of information of the times--information-bearing entities which are print-based.
		Beginning in the 1930s at the University of Chicago Graduate Library School, this social organization was made the basis for a research paradigm in which the social organization called the library was equated with the idea of a social institution and, as such, was viewed as the basic phenomenon of our field for investigation.
		In the foregoing, the interpretation of a social institution is focused on a concrete social phenomenon.
	www.gslis.utexas.edu /~miksa/six.html (411 words)

	Alexandros Gezerlis - Castoriadis and the Project of Autonomy (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He defines the institution (p.132) as “a socially sanctioned, symbolic network in which a functional component and an imaginary component are combined in variable proportions and relations”.
		It is obvious that the sense in which Castoriadis uses the concept of the institution is much wider and stronger than the regular sense, as it is indicated by the fact that his conception of the institution combines the functional element, with an imaginary one.
		The creation of instituting society, as instituted society, is each time a common world (kosmos koinos), the positing of individuals, of their types, relations and activities; but also the positing of things, their types, relations and significations, all of which are made to exist together.
	www.democracynature.org /dn/vol7/alex_castoriadis.htm (8262 words)

	Marriage is 'Key Social Institution' That Must Be Protected -- 11/04/2002
		Capitol Hill (CNSNews.com) - Traditional marriage is "an institution in social crisis all over the developed world," a crisis that must be addressed for society to thrive, warned nationally syndicated columnist Maggie Gallagher in Washington Friday.
		Following from this view, she added, they believe that all "unions" should be treated equally by society and in the eyes of the law.
		That determination doesn't mean that society should necessarily stigmatize other types of relationships, she argued, but that it should encourage and reward the proper execution of marriage as a key social institution rather than looking at it as merely a private relationship.
	www.cnsnews.com /ViewCulture.asp?Page=/Culture/archive/200211/CUL20021104a.html (1121 words)

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