
	Where results make sense

Topic: Social norm

	Higher Education Center: Social Norms and Social Marketing
		Social norms are people's beliefs about the attitudes and behaviors that are normal, acceptable, or even expected in a particular social context.
		Therefore, when people misperceive the norms of their group—that is, when they inaccurately think an attitude or behavior is more (or less) common than is actually the case—they may choose to engage in behaviors that are in sync with those false norms.
		Student perceptions of drinking norms are part of that campus environment, and correcting student misperceptions about their peers' drinking is an important part of ensuring that inaccurate perceptions about the environment are not negatively influencing student behavior.
	www.higheredcenter.org /socialnorms (0 words)

	The Science Creative Quarterly » THE SOCIAL NORM OF LEAVING THE TOILET SEAT DOWN: A GAME THEORETIC ANALYSIS
		Both papers agree that the social norm of leaving the toilet seat down in inefficient in the sense that it does not minimize the total cost of toilet seat operations per household.
		However, to our dismay, we also find that the social norm of always leaving the toilet seat down after use is not only a Nash equilibrium in pure strategies but is also trembling-hand perfect.
		In this paper, we show conclusively that the social norm of leaving the toilet seat down after use decreases welfare and by doing that we hope to convince the reader that social norms are not always welfare enhancing.
	www.scq.ubc.ca /the-social-norm-of-leaving-the-toilet-seat-down-a-game-theoretic-analysis (0 words)

	Social Norm Violations: Social Psychology 210
		The purpose of this assignment is to make you conscious of how these subtle norms shape our everyday behavior and the consequences of violating norms, and to give you an idea of how psychological research on norm violations is conducted.
		Even though you may not have studied their particular norm violation, you can still relate to the norm violations aspect of what they did.
		If you were required to violate social norms on a daily basis, how do you think that would change your reactions to violations as a violator or as an observer or violations?
	homepages.dordt.edu /lantinga/social_norms.htm (707 words)

	Provocateur: Anti-Social: Translating the Anti-Tobacco Experience to the Car
		The goal of this "social norm change" approach is to indirectly influence current and potential future automobile users by creating a social and legal climate in which the automobile becomes less desirable, acceptable and accessible.
		The social norm change model is based on the fact that thoughts, values, mores and actions of individuals, reflected in everything from laws to subtle questions of etiquette.
		Normative social attitudes (social norms) change over time according to the evolution of events in communities, and also result from intentional human intervention.
	www.transalt.org /provocateur/anti-social.html (582 words)

	Win
		The norm resurgence depends on a rich confluence of factors, of which the dominant one perhaps is the recognition of the critical role that norms play in overcoming the ubiquitous collective action problems that crop up in all sorts of social settings.
		Over and over again individuals who are confident in the soundness of social norms are tempted to argue that the legal enforcement of their vision is an unmixed blessing, and that the separation of law and morals should be regarded as a regrettable lapse to be overcome by prompt legislative or judicial action.
		The set of purely social norms is often regarded as falling in an awkward no-man's land between the world of purely subjective preferences (vanilla against chocolate ice cream) and the law of fully enforceable legal norms.
	www.bsos.umd.edu /pegs/Winter_96/Epstein_1.htm (3787 words)

	Norm (sociology) - Psychology Wiki (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In sociology, a norm, or social norm, is a rule that is socially enforced.
		Norms and normlessness are thought to affect a wide variety of human behavior.
		Norms with common sense origins may, over time, lose their original context as society changes: an action that was once performed because it was necessary to survive may over the years become a social norm, even once the circumstances that made it necessary for survival are no longer applicable.
	psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Norm_(sociology) (781 words)

	Elster, Jon (1989), Social Norms and Economic Theory
		Social psychologists have studied norms of distribution to see whether there is any correlation between who subscribes to a norm and who benefits from it.
		When I say that manipulation of social norms presupposes that they have some kind of grip on the mind since otherwise there would be nothing to manipulate, I am not suggesting that society is made up of two sorts of people: those who believe in the norms and those who manipulate the believers.
		On this view, social norms spring from psychological propensities and dispositions that, taken separately, cannot be presumed to be useful, yet happen to interact in such a way that useful effects are produced.
	www.geocities.com /hmelberg/elster/AR89SNAE.HTM (9201 words)

	Untitled
		In the present chapter we shall consider whether social norms are adequate to ground voluntary cooperation (in situations that would tempt the egoist to free ride).
		Social norms are prescribed rules of behavior, the violation of which normally provokes guilt and resentment.
		There is a social norm, for example, that requires one to go to the back of a line when waiting to buy a ticket, or to show up on time when meeting someone for an appointment.
	perspicuity.net /sd/vpopg/vpopg-d.html (4129 words)

	The Grammar of Society - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Social norms, on the contrary, often go against narrow self-interest, as when we are required to cooperate, reciprocate, act fairly, or do anything that may involve some material cost or the forgoing of some benefit.
		The kinds of problems that social norms are meant to solve differ from the coordination problems that conventions and descriptive norms ‘solve.’ We need social norms in all those situations in which there is conflict of interest but also a potential for joint gain.
		Social norms are, like legal ones, public and shared, but, unlike legal rules, which are supported by formal sanctions, social norms may not be enforced at all.
	www.cambridge.org /us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521573726&ss=exc (4235 words)

	Social Norms: Patriarchy's Newest Weapon Against Women
		If the social norm for a particular group is a shaved head, anyone who wishes to conform to the social norms of that group must shave their head.
		Males who raped violated the social norms of matriarchal societies because in showing disrespect for females they showed disrespect for their mothers and for life itself as females are the bearers of life.
		Where the norm after WWII was for people to pray that such mass slaughter would never occur again, the norm today, in a world whose population has more than doubled, is to give genocides a brief mention in the evening news and ignore them.
	www.angelfire.com /ok/4equity/mymark.html (1412 words)

	Let’s Welcome New Social Order
		Norms are more specific than values or ideals: honesty is a general value but the rules defining what is an honest behavior in a particular situation are norms.
		To cite another instance, it is a norm for a Hindu to burn the dead body of his/her beloved on a funeral pyre.
		A certain sort of norm could be considered as a social taboo amongst members of a certain social group, the same sort of norm, nevertheless, may be entertained as a common habit which is publicly celebrated by both kids and elderly people amongst the members of some other social groups.
	www.addistribune.com /Archives/2004/10/29-10-04/Let.htm (1098 words)

	[No title]
		In this experiment, the effects of breaking that social norm, by using a urinal adjacent to one already in use when others are available, on the level of discomfort experienced by already-present urinal users and the level to which those users believed the behavior to be unusual will be explored.
		Social norms are rules, implicit or explicit, that are possessed by a group of people in regards to behaviors, values, and beliefs that are expected to be followed by members of the group (Aaronson et al, 263).
		Social norms arise from the conformity, which is defined as a change in behavior that arises from the actual or perceived influence of others (Aaronson et al, 253).
	www.virginia.edu /psychology/calendar/wiki/pub/Social/ExamplePapers/psych2602.doc (1678 words)

	PSY 380: Norm Violation Project
		These norms are often unwritten and implicit, yet their influence on our social behavior can be quite strong.
		One way to assess the power of social norms is to examine people's reactions when a norm is violated.
		You are being asked to behave in a way that does not fit with an implicit social norm; you are not being asked to break a law or any other explicit rule (i.e., We will not bail you out of jail).
	www.umich.edu /~psych380/norm.htm (578 words)

	[No title]
		How can social norms be measured given that “the operation of norms is to a large extent blind, compulsive, mechanical or even unconscious” (p.
		I don’t understand why Elster disregards the argument that social norms serve to show the identity to one group, especially as most his examples of sanctions are somehow related to exclusion from the group.
		The distinction between social norms and traditions made by Elster (1989) is not clear (and also traditions vs. traditionalism).
	www-abc.mpib-berlin.mpg.de /users/take/week1.doc (1532 words)

	William Paterson University
		Social psychological theory suggests that if students hold the misperception that most of their peers are drinking alcohol excessively they may feel that this behavior is normative and possibly what is expected of them to fit in.
		To reduce high risk drinking at WPU our social norms research and marketing campaign is designed to correct faulty misperceptions by communicating that most WPU students drink moderately or not at all.
		One reason is that at social gatherings the behavior of students who drink alcohol excessively is more extravagant or provocative than students who refrain from drinking or drink moderately.
	ww2.wpunj.edu /healthcentercounseling/alcoholsocialnormscampaign.htm (399 words)

	SSRN-Is the Efficiency Wage Efficient? The Social Norm and Organizational Corruption by Juin-jen Chang, Ching-Chong Lai
		We model organizational corruption as a phenomenon of social interaction and relate the substantial psychological role characterizing the social norm to the corruption problem.
		We find that if the status quo bribery rate within the firm is high, social norms can no longer serve as a sufficient sanction against a corrupt supervisor; pandemic organizational corruption tends to generate a critical mass effect - the snowball effect - which intensifies the corruption effect.
		This intensified effect, due to the snowballing character of social norms, may more than offset the usual incentive effect of wages, resulting in more widespread shirking in the firm.
	www.ssrn.com /abstract=312931 (236 words)

	Rosaria Conte and Frank Dignum: From Social Monitoring to Normative Influence
		Norm evolution: agents' capacity to reason about, recognise and decide whether to accept or not, to observe or not, a norm may give insight about the process through which a norm is selected and possibly is modified.
		Social norms and conventions have long represented a phenomenon of interest for computational social scientists and a test-bed for the application of their methodology.
		If a norm is found to be ineffective, agents may want compliance to increase in order to reduce the "dissonance" between their attitude with regard to that norm and its poor efficacy (Festinger 1957).
	jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk /4/2/7.html (8733 words)

	Social Movements
		When their definition of reality or the norms that the powerful have established is bothersome or unfair to a particular group of people, the oppressed may push for a change within the social structure.
		When a social movement occurs a group of people using various means of protest are trying to change or keep from changing society.
		Thus, social movements are usually started inorder to change or stop changes in what is accepted as social reality.
	www.studyworld.com /basementpapers/sec_papers/Social_Movements.html (333 words)

	Welcome to the Wellness Resource Center!
		Social norm theory states that individuals are highly influenced by what they think their peers are doing or thinking.
		Social norm theory predicts that correcting misperceptions of the norm is likely to result in decreased problem behavior and an increase in healthy behavior.
		The purpose of Dr. Wechsler’s study was to “determine whether schools that use social norms marketing campaigns experience reductions in students' heavy-drinking behaviors and to compare any observed changes with the experience of schools that do not use such programs." However, the method used to identify schools that implement social norming was methodologically unsound.
	www.missouri.edu /~wrcwww/norming.html (962 words)

	ANARCHISM.net: Insanity as the Social Norm (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This is the basis for the hierarchal social structure with the corollary concept of individual with “unit value” only as long as said individual contributes to sustaining the anti-individual social structure.
		Definition reveals this truth, which is why Webster’s steers clear of it in “social matters.” The only options in interpersonal relationships whether involving only two persons or billions is the concept, self ownership and voluntary cooperation, or the concept external ownership backed up by initiation of force and coercion.
		The official government version may be politicized, organized, centralized and canonized and “socially approved,” but this does not dismiss the definitive commonality of the operative premise.
	www.anarchism.net /anarchism_insanityasthesocialnorm.htm (13769 words)

	The Neurocritic
		Norm compliance among humans is either based on people’s voluntary compliance with standards of behavior that are viewed as normatively legitimate or on the enforcement of compliance through punishment.
		In particular, the previous literature on social punishment examines the neural circuitry involved in the decision to punish whereas our work focuses on the neural circuitry involved in the processing and the response to punishment threats that are associated with norm violations.
		We use fMRI to study the neural circuitry behind social norm compliance by comparing a treatment in which norm violations can be punished with a control treatment in which punishment is impossible.
	neurocritic.blogspot.com (0 words)

	On Social Marketing and Social Change
		On the other hand, the social marketing of health care commodities, from condoms to antibiotics, is increasingly popular among actors such as PSI and KfW and presumes that the optimal price of these commodities, while heavily subsidized, is not free.
		Social distance is the important variable, and for those of you who have heard my talk, read the blog and otherwise pay attention to such things, you know what that means for interventions.
		She notes that while the use of social class as a construction in other countries (England and India being two examples) is accepted practice, 'class' is not an easy term to apply in American culture and is not the equivalent to socio-economic status.
	socialmarketing.blogs.com (0 words)

	Term Papers on Social Issues - Term Papers Lab
		Browse our collection of Social Issues term papers here, or look for other termpapers and written research papers using our search box.
		The social impact of the Internet has been under close scrutiny for many years.
		In present time, we have already established certain rules, norm, and legal regulations.
	www.termpaperslab.com /term-papers/social-issues (1590 words)

	ReCAPP: Professional Credits: Changing Social Norms
		There are discrepancies between what young adolescents actually believe and what they think the norm is for their peers.
		Social marketing campaigns to reduce social norm misperceptions and promote healthier behavior are not effective.
		What is the social norm misperception in a survey in which 25% of adolescents thought it was okay to have sex at their age, but 60% thought friends would think it was okay?
	www.etr.org /recapp/ches/socialNormsquiz.htm (374 words)

	Legal Fusion Group Norm (sociology)
		, a norm, or social norm, is a rule that is socially enforced.
		Social sanctioning is what distinguishes norms from other cultural products such as meaning and values.
		Norms are thought to affect a wide variety of human behavior.
	www.legalfusiongroup.com /articles/n/o/r/norm_(sociology)/norm_(sociology).html (568 words)

	Social and Cultural Aspects of Drinking - Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This variation cannot be attributed to different levels of consumption or genetic differences, but is clearly related to different cultural beliefs about alcohol, expectancies regarding the effects of alcohol and social norms regarding drunken comportment.
		Although variations in these rules and norms reflect the characteristic values, attitudes and beliefs of different cultures, there are significant cross-cultural similarities or ‘constants’ in the unwritten rules governing alcohol use.
		There is a clear and urgent need for large-scale systematic research on social and cultural aspects of drinking in Europe, and for continious monitoring of shifts and changes in mainstream European drinking-cultures, particularly in terms of the effects of cultural ‘convergence’.
	www.sirc.org /publik/drinking3.html (1761 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)