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	Social robot - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A consequence of this definition is that a robot that only interacts and communicates with other robots would not be considered to be a social robot.
		Being social is bound to humans and their society which defines the necessary social values, norms and standards.
		A social robot must be aware of this and comply to it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Social_robots (418 words)

	Robot - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Robots are typically used to do tasks that are too dull, dirty, or dangerous for humans.
		Industrial robots used in manufacturing lines used to be the most common form of robots, but that has recently been replaced by consumer robots cleaning floors and mowing lawns.
		Their robotics competition is a multinational competition that teams professionals and young people to solve an engineering design problem in an intense and competitive way.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Robot (3893 words)

	Robot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In practical usage, a robot is a mechanical device which performs automated tasks, either according to direct human supervision, a pre-defined program or, a set of general guidelines, using artificial intelligence techniques.
		Though we tend to think of robots as tremendously sophisticated, thanks typically to their anthropomorphic physical design and our excess of indoctrination to the "Danger, Will Robinson!" robots of 1960s television, the fundamental elements are very simple.
		Robots are being used today to do the tasks that are either too dirty, dangerous, difficult, repetitive or dull for humans.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/r/ro/robot.html (2728 words)

	Social robot -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This definition implies that the a social (A mechanism that can move automatically) robot has a physical embodiment.
		(Immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence) Autonomy is an requirement for a social robot.
		A completely (A device that can be used to control a machine or apparatus from a distance) remote controlled robot cannot be considered to be social since it does not make decisions by itself.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/so/social_robot.htm (402 words)

	Robotics Article, Robotics Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The first known functioning robot was created in the 1738 by Jacques de Vaucanson, who made an android that played the flute, aswell as a mechanical duck that reportedly ate and defecated.
		Many consider the first robot in the modern sense to be a teleoperated boat, similar to a modern ROV, devised by Nikola Tesla and demonstrated at an 1898exhibition in Madison Square Garden.
		Robots are being used today to do the tasks that are either too dirty, dangerous, difficult, repetitive or dull for humans.This usually takes the form of industrial robots used inmanufacturing lines.
	www.anoca.org /robots/robot/robotics.html (2671 words)

	Scientific American Frontiers . Robot Pals . Intelligent by Design \| PBS
		Scassellati's lab is working on a robot that can recognize and respond to social skills - or the lack thereof - to help diagnose autism in children, a spectrum of developmental disorders that robs children of their ability to relate to others.
		A robot with social skills could provide a more objective baseline than even the most skilled human clinician, who may unwittingly bring slightly different emotions to each interaction with the child in question.
		Scassellati envisions these social robots breaking out of the roles we traditionally assign to robots - that is, performing tasks either too dangerous or boring for people.
	www.pbs.org /saf/1510/features/AI3.htm (567 words)

	Scaz's Home page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		These robots are used both to evaluate models of how infants acquire social skills and to assist in the diagnosis and quantification of disorders of social development (such as autism).
		Our robot is currently capable of simple hand-eye coordination tasks (such as reaching out to touch an object), perceptual tasks including both visual identification of people and recognition of vocal prosody, and cognitive tasks like recognizing itself in a mirror.
		This robot was capable of generating a variety of social gestures and facial expressions in response to the perceived social response of a person.
	www.cs.yale.edu /homes/Scassellati/research.html (567 words)

	Humanoids 2004 Workshop Page
		The aim of this workshop is to discuss the state-of-the-art in social human-humanoid interaction where the robot an human engage one another as peers.
		Robots, however, have traditionally been viewed as a tool: a device capable of performing tasks on (human) command.
		Though this "robot as tool" approach suffices for some domains where the human is a specialist, it is sub-optimal for tasks that require significant human-robot teamwork --- or for scenarios where the user is a typical consumer.
	web.media.mit.edu /~cynthiab/NewFiles/humanoids2004.html (589 words)

	Computer Science Colloquia Talks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Humanoid robots are evokative objects in that they provoke people to question and to reassess their ideas about what it is to be intelligent, to have emotions, and to be a person.
		A robot that is capable of perceptually detecting social cues also provides a quantifiable metric for those social cues.
		Social robots that are constructed according to models of skill acquisition in children can also be used as an evaluation tool for those models.
	www.cs.ccsu.edu /cs/news/Schedule.html (974 words)

	Design Spaces and Niche Spaces of Believable Social Robots - Dautenhahn (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		One area where social interaction is desirable is that of robot as persuasive machine [59] i.e.
		One area where social interaction is desirable is that of robot as persuasive machine [58] i.e.
		4 Investigating a robot as a therapy partner for children with..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /dautenhahn02design.html (697 words)

	learning by imitation, Mobile Robotics Research Group, Edinburgh University
		In social learning, an individual benefits from interacting with its social environment, to acquire new competencies and skills.
		Psychologists use the term "social enhancement" to refer to all social influences on an individual's performance.
		To summarise, we are investigating how what we call "attention", together with social interactions, can help a mobile robot learn from other agents, robotic or human.
	www.dai.ed.ac.uk /groups/mrg/research/social_robots2/learning_by_imitation.html (609 words)

	Interactive Social Robots To Participate In Annual Mobile Robot Challenge
		Robots Are Taking An Increasing Number Of Jobs, New UN Report Says (October 21, 2004) -- The chances of having an obedient robot do unwelcome or dangerous jobs have increased tremendously, with orders for industrial robots rising to a record 18 per cent in the first half of this year, a...
		Robots Are Evolving, Population Is Booming Worldwide (January 17, 2000) -- The population of robots nearly doubled over the last decade in North America alone, and they are becoming increasingly important in applications ranging from quality control to space exploration,...
		Grace competed in AAAI's Robot Challenge in 2002 where she acted as a conference attendee.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2004/07/040726085058.htm (647 words)

	Social Robots Without Leaders :: Astrobiology Magazine :: Search for Life in the Universe
		Summary (Feb 03, 2005): How a flock of birds or school of fish may go in a single direction without having a permanent leader is a mystery of social organization.
		But adding a mechanized component to the question raises the possibility of robotic swarms which may lack much in the way of social skills or leadership qualities.
		In addition to shedding light on the graceful coordination of animal groups, the results may be useful in understanding how humans behave in crowds and in designing robots that explore remote locations such as the ocean or other planets.
	www.astrobio.net /news/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=1428&mode=thread&order=0&thold=0 (805 words)

	Fred Foldvary: Robots Save Social Security (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The US Social Security system is running a growing deficit as the huge number of retired folks depleted the trust fund in 2020, and nothing was done to reduce benefits or increase taxes.
		Robots would also pay the medicare tax, now 20 percent of human wages, but not receive benefits.
		Most robots were now being produced by other robots, so the payments were mostly to robots.
	www.progress.org /2005/fold400.htm (705 words)

	CNN.com - Giving robots a human face - Feb. 3, 2004
		Hanson and other robot makers believe social robots will one day serve a variety of functions: tutor, companion, even security guard.
		But if a robot is made to look very realistic but somehow isn't quite right (it has an odd smile, or it doesn't blink, for example) it seems grotesque instead of comforting.
		No matter what, we can expected future social robots to be more alien than human, said Will Wright, creator of The Sims video games and a robot enthusiast.
	www.cnn.com /2004/TECH/02/02/social.robots.ap (1097 words)

	Robotic Life - sensate skin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		iving the robot a sense of touch will be useful for detecting contact with objects, sensing unexpected collisions, as well as knowing when it is touching its own body.
		Other important tactile attributes relate to affective content---whether it is pleasure from a hug, a ticking gesture, or pain from someone grabbing the robot's arm too hard, to name a few.
		The goal of this project is to develop a synthetic skin capable of detecting pressure and location with acceptable resolution over the entire body, while still retaining the look and feel of its organic counterpart.
	robotic.media.mit.edu /projects/sensitive_skin.html (230 words)

	CMU Social Robots Project: Goals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The goal of the Social Robots Project is to overcome the human-robot social barrier.
		She is a robot with a complex and engaging personality, designed for easy and enjoyable communication.
		We are developing techniques that enable robots to use such social conventions by modifying their nominal behaviors.
	www-2.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs/project/robocomp/social/www (312 words)

	Robots
		Robot, which is derived from a Czech word meaning "menial labor," got its modern meaning from a 1920 play, R.U.R.
		Robots: An Exhibition of U.S. Automatons from the Leading Edge of Research Highlighting the WTEC [World Technology Evaluation Center] International Study of Robotics.
		The robot scientist, equipped with a wealth of information about biochemistry and sophisticated AI software, watches the yeast grow, generates a set of hypotheses concerning the function of the gene in question, and then plans an experiment that will eliminate as many of the hypotheses as quickly and cheaply as possible.
	www.aaai.org /AITopics/html/robots.html (7591 words)

	LEURRE
		The interdisciplinary workshop is focused on self-organized groups of animals and robots.
		The aim of the workshop is to discuss how these societies process information and solve problems, while keeping some parsimony at the level of the individual decision rules.
		Its main objective is to show that it is possible to trigger the emergence of new global patterns by adding robots with specific behaviours to an animal society.
	leurre.ulb.ac.be /documents_public/Amsterdam2004.html (428 words)

	Robots with social skills and a smile
		Cynthia L. Breazeal of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is famous for her robots, not just because they they are programmed to perform specific tasks, but because they seem to have emotional as well as physical reactions to the world around them.
		They are "embodied," she says, even "sociable" robots - experimental machines that act like living creatures.
		This would no longer be the robotics that others had done: robots in space, in minefields, as substitutes for humans in dangerous environments.
	www.temple.edu /ispr/examples/ex03_06_10.html (1458 words)

	social robots, Mobile Robotics Research Group, Edinburgh University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		No, it is not a robot that organizes or goes to parties (although it would be pleasant!).
		An agent able of interactive, communicative behaviour would be considered as social.
		The idea is to build a robust robotic cat capable of surviving in a real academic environment for weeks without human intervention.
	www.dai.ed.ac.uk /groups/mrg/research/social_robots.html (185 words)

	Mailgate: comp.robotics.research: [ANNOUNCE] Workshop on Social Robots at IROS-2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		on Intelligent Robots and Systems Lausanne, Switzerland http://vrai-group.epfl.ch/socialrobots The aim of this workshop is to discuss the state-of-the-art in social robots.
		Throughout the workshop, we will focus on the design, implementation and use of such robots for a broad range of applications ranging from health care to planetary exploration.
		This workshop is designed to benefit researchers interested in developing effective social robot systems, scientists who want to understand the state-of-the-art in social robots, and professionals planning collaborative human-robot applications.
	mailgate.supereva.it /comp/comp.robotics.research/msg00477.html (249 words)

	Grounding Communication in Situated, Social Robots - Billard, Dautenhahn (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Abstract: This paper discusses the usefulness of communication as a social skill for embodied robotic agents.
		in which a physical autonomous robot was taught a vocabulary to describe its perceptions of objects, movement, inclination and...
		66.3%: The Social Aspect of Communication: A Case Study in the Use..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /54067.html (600 words)

	Social robots compete by interacting with people in a trade show environment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Social robots compete by interacting with people in a trade show environment
		Be sure to read the related article, Surgical robots promise to make surgery less painful; and yet are still medically unnecessary most of the time.
		In this book, author Mike Adams takes you on a fascinating tour that ventures far beyond conventional science and dares to suggest that as a civilization, we are spending too much time, money and effort on technologies that really don't help us while ignoring the technologies that can really make a difference in our lives.
	www.newstarget.com /001561.html (879 words)

	Summit Daily News for Breckenridge, Keystone, Copper and Frisco Colorado - Arts and Entertainment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		"Robots" is manufactured for both adults and children; it pieces together biting social commentary with bad fart jokes.
		But, luckily for us, spicy robotic choreography set to the likes of "Britney Gears" tunes gloss over messages of genocide and a general commentary about how advertisements have brainwashed us all into low self-esteem.
		Despite its social commentary, "Robots" is essentially a kids' movie; never mind if it reminds adults how we really are robots dressed in bright, shiny outfits - who still laugh when people fart.
	www.summitdaily.com /article/20050317/AE/103170029 (435 words)

	Robotic Life - sociable robots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Sociable Robots project aims to build capable and appealing robots that can physically interact, communicate with, and learn from people in familiar human-oriented terms.
		In a unique collaboration with Stan Winston Studio (the creators of "Teddy" in the Kubrick/Spielberg movie A.I.), this project seamlessly merges the artistry of character, robotic technology, and artificial intelligence.
		Leonardo is the successor of Kismet and continues Professor Breazeal's work in building sociable robots that can communicate with and learn from people.
	robotic.media.mit.edu /projects/sociable_robots.html (114 words)

	How It Works (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		That's what these MIT scientists are busy working on: social robots.
		Kismet is an autonomous robot designed for social interactions with humans.
		Come here to find out the main parts of a robot and try moving one around the screen.
	www.bonus.com /bonus/list/n_howitwor.html (902 words)

	Robotics Institute: Social Robots
		The goal of the Social Robot Project is to overcome the human-robot social barrier.
		Vikia - We are developing a robot who has personality and with whom it is easy to communicate.
		The Robotics Institute is part of the School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University.
	www.ri.cmu.edu /projects/project_396.html (185 words)

	CMU Social Robots Project: Reading Group
		This is a reading group for people who are interested in exploring the capabilities necessary for robots to perform social tasks.
		In addition to looking at work by other researchers in social robotics, we will explore relevant research in cognitive science, social psychology, HCI, and other fields.
		"March of the Robot Dogs", by Robert Sparrow, Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics, Australia.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~social/reading.html (258 words)

	Social Robots: micro.adam & micro.eva
		The project has been nominated by "inpire!award" competition.
		"micro.adam and micro.eva are two simple robots who will discover their own bodies and develop body-consciousness on a minimal basis.
		Like Adam and Eve in paradise became conscious and had to leave the garden, now micro.adam and micro.eva, two machines, are about to cross the border."
	socialrobots.blogspot.com /2005/02/microadam-microeva.html (94 words)

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