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Topic: Socialist market economy

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	China Information-The Socialist Market Economy
		In order to extend the regulatory function of the market, the state has gradually reduced the categories of products for planned production, eliminated the restriction that enterprises were only allowed to engage in production but not in business operation, and abolished the practice of the state fixing commodity prices.
		Enterprises may organize and establish wholesale markets and trading centers; the wholesale and retail commercial systems are being restructured; and the non-public economy is allowed to take part in commercial activities.
		At the same time a buyer’s market has appeared in the commodities sector in which the supply and demand of most commodities are kept in balance, the supply of some goods exceeds the demand, price trends are steady, and the guiding function of the market for producers has been strengthened.
	www.asia-planet.net /china/socialist-market-economy.htm (840 words)

	VN Embassy : Socialist-oriented market economy: concept and development soluti
		According to Trong, the socialist-oriented market economy is a new economic model in the period of transition to socialism.
		Market economy can be translated as the ‘universality’ while the socialist-oriented market economy is the ‘specificity’ of Vietnam, as it conforms to the country’s specific conditions and characteristics.
		In other words, the socialist-oriented market economy is a multi-sectoral commodity economy, which is regulated by the market, under the State management, with the aim of building a strong and prosperous country and an equitable, democratic and civilized society.
	www.vietnamembassy-usa.org /news/story.php?datestamp=20031117235404&print=yes (711 words)

	Market socialism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Market socialism is an economic system in which the means of production are owned by the workers in each company (meaning in general that "profits" in each company are distributed between them: profit sharing) and the production is not centrally planned but mediated through the market.
		Its central idea is that the free market is not a mechanism exclusive to capitalism and that it is fully compatible with collective worker ownership over the means of production - which is one of the fundamental principles of socialism.
		One of the principal advocates of market socialism in the United States is philosopher David Schweickart, whose version of market socialism is called "Economic Democracy".
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Socialist_market_economy (155 words)

	Socialism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, all socialists agree that a socialist economy must be run for the benefit of the vast majority of the people rather than for a small aristocratic, plutocratic, or capitalist class.
		Many non-socialists use the expression "socialist economy" (or "socialization" of a sector of the economy) almost exclusively to refer to centralized control under government aegis: for example, consider the use of the term "socialized medicine" in the US by opponents of single-payer health care.
		There is general agreement among socialists and non-socialists that a socialist economy would not include private or estate ownership of large enterprises; there is less agreement on whether any such enterprises would be owned by society at large or (at least in some cases) owned cooperatively by their own workers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Socialist (4855 words)

	Encyclopedia: Socialist Party (France)
		Because of this, the Socialist party is often criticised by groups further to the left such as the Workers' Struggle (Lutte OuvriÃ¨re) and the Revolutionary Communist League as being no longer a truly socialist party.
		A market economy is a term used to describe an economy where economic decisions, such as pricing of goods and services, are made in a decentralized manner by the economys participants and manifested by trade.
		At the 1995 presidential election, Mitterrand retired, and the Socialist candidate, Lionel Jospin, was defeated by Jacques Chirac.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Socialist-Party-(France) (2769 words)

	Encyclopedia: Socialist market economy
		Market socialism is an attempt by a Soviet-style economy to introduce market elements into its economic system to improve economic growth.
		The Soviet Union attempted to introduce a market socialist system with its perestroika reforms under Mikhael Gorbachev prior to the collapse of the USSR in 1991.
		The market is allowed to determine prices for consumer goods and agricultural products and farmers and sometimes other producers are allowed to sell all or some of their products on the open market and keep some or all of the profit as an incentive to increased and improved production.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Socialist-market-economy (869 words)

	Socialist market economy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics (Chinese : 社会主义市场经济) is the official term for the economy of the People's Republic of China.
		Socialist Workers Party/International Socialist Tendency Documents Internal documents from the conflict between the Socialist Workers Party and the International Socialist Organization as well as from various dissidents within the SWP and other IS tendency groups.
		Socialist Alternative (Australia) Group split from the Australian International Socialist Organisation due to criticisms that the ISO is bureaucratic and undemocratic.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Socialist_market_economy.html (814 words)

	TAKIS FOTOPOULOS - The Catastrophe of Marketisation
		In the West, socialist statism took the form of the social-democratic consensus and it lasted for less than half a century, from the mid thirties up to the mid-seventies when it became incompatible with the requirements of the internationalisation (as opposed to ‘globalisation’) of the market economy.
		Marketization, on the other hand, meant a massive rise in inequality as a result of --as the World Bank points out-- wage liberalisation, the increase in the income earned in the private sector of the economy (where there is a high degree of income differentiation) and the accumulation of individual wealth.
		Thus, whereas the capitalist growth economy constituted the inevitable consequence of the market economy and, therefore, the means (market economy) and the end (growth economy) were perfectly compatible, in the case of socialist statism, the end (growth economy) was not compatible with the means (social-democratic statism/central planning).
	www.democracynature.org /dn/vol5/fotopoulos_marketisation.htm (11263 words)

	Post-Lange Market Socialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In this light, it is an important feature of profit-oriented market socialist proposals that they do not dispute the consensus judgment within mainstream economics that the real-world economy is sufficiently competitive, and external effects in the real-world economy are sufficiently weak, that profit maximization as the predominant operative goal of business decision-making is economically beneficial.
		Mainstream economists frequently concede that a socialist economy might be more equitable than the capitalist economy owing to greater equality in the distribution of capital property income, but they immediately add that the equity gain under socialism would almost certainly be outweighed by an efficiency loss.
		Although proponents of profit-oriented market socialist proposals place a great deal of emphasis upon the operational similarities rather than the differences with the capitalist status quo (in order to highlight the equity issue in and of itself--presumably similar operations would imply similar efficiency), they typically envision at least some supplementary efficiency advantages of their proposals.
	www.wiu.edu /users/miecon/wiu/yunker/postlang.htm (11771 words)

	Market economy - Libertarian Wiki
		These critics range from those who reject markets entirely, in favor of a planned economy, such as that advocated by socialism, to those who merely wish to see them regulated to various degrees, and they range from those who believe that greed is inherently immoral to those who raise practical objections.
		Germany's social market economy was one of the better functioning mixed economies, as microeconomists note that it had relativily free prices compared to other more socialist countries like the United Kingdom for much of the later 20th century.
		He believes market oriented economies are the most efficient at transmitting information on supply, demand, and the reallocation of resources, all of which are necessary to bring diverse people together for the common purpose of producing for consumption.
	libertarianwiki.org /Market_economy (3723 words)

	People's Weekly World - Why the shift to a socialist market economy?
		Among factors contributing to this crisis were the U.S. escalation of the arms race to strain the economies of the socialist countries, a U.S.-led embargo of technology transfer, and violations of democratic centralism in the ruling Communist parties.
		The introduction of the socialist planned economy to utilize a nation’s resources in what appeared to be the most rational way was, in reality, premature and, despite its many powerfully positive accomplishments, must be viewed as a variant of utopian socialism.
		The decision in Vietnam, China, and, to a lesser extent, Cuba to move to a socialist market economy should therefore not be considered a retreat but a historical-materialist recognition of the necessity of not skipping stages of social evolution.
	www.pww.org /article/articleprint/3740 (696 words)

	Economy - China - Asia
		The reforms have gradually lessened the government’s control of the economy, allowing some aspects of a market economy and encouraging foreign investment; however, the state-owned sector remains the backbone of China’s economy.
		As a result of the reforms, China’s economy grew at an average annual rate of 10.2 percent in the 1980s and by 10.3 percent annually in the period of 1990-2000.
		The size of the country’s economy, which is comparable to that of Canada($688 billion), makes China a significant economic power; despite this, it remains a low-income, developing country because it must support a huge population of more than 1.2 billion.
	www.countriesquest.com /asia/china/economy.htm (267 words)

	The Socialist Calculation Debate
		With the crushing poverty of the industrial revolution as evidence, Socialists, Marxians and other critics of laissez-faire argued that free markets had, in effect, failed and that a benevolent government with control over the means of production and distribution, could allocate goods in a more efficient and equitable manner.
		Barone made the argument that, at least in principle, a socialist economy could do as well as a capitalist one as prices should be seen merely as the solution to a set of equations in a Walrasian system - whether these were solved by the government or the market was irrelevant.
		Furthermore, on the issue of socialist economies' lack of incentives, Lange reiterated that in a modern capitalist economy, with the growing division between ownership (stockholders) and managers (CEOs, etc.), the incentives were just as twisted (Lange appealed to the work of various Institutionalists for this).
	cepa.newschool.edu /het/essays/paretian/social.htm (990 words)

	Political Affairs Magazine - Unfinished Business: Socialist Market Economy
		It's important to note that the idea of socialist market economy is somewhat different from market socialism, although in practice itís sometimes difficult to distinguish.
		In other words, the socialist market economy is designed for transition from an early capitalist or even pre-capitalist society, and the focus is to create the prerequisites for socialism that were put in place in the societies of developed industrial capitalism.
		Economically, it is a mixed economy with a public sector of state, cooperative and mass organization-owned enterprises; a private sector of petty bourgeois, domestic capitalist and foreign capitalist owned enterprises; an intermediate state capitalist sector with various combinations of the public-private sectors (e.g., joint private-public stock enterprises).
	www.politicalaffairs.net /article/view/26/1/1 (1326 words)

	China Reform Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The secondly is the positioning of the state-owned economy in the socialist market economy.
		That is to say, in the context of market economy, to break up the institutional barrier of solving the three dimensional rural issues, the top priority is to change the policy framework and institutional arrangement of urban and rural partition.
		With the establishment of market mechanism in 1990s, both agriculture and farmer are in the disadvantageous position under the condition of market economy.
	www.chinareform.org /cgi-bin/ResearchTopic/ResearchTopic_main.asp?news_id=221 (3702 words)

	A Mathematical Formulation of the Principle of Distribution in a Socialist Market Economy
		This is the fundamental principle of distribution for a socialist market economy.
		It is obvious from the analysis above that a transition from a planned socialist economy to a socialist market economy is in principle much easier(although it has failed in the Soviet Union) than the transition from a capitalist system to a socialist market economy.
		Socialist policies to improve the degree of socialisation are focusing on the comand over productive capital, democratizing the economy and not on living from profits; it is not 'people's capitalism' but it is the policy of democratic socialism proper.
	www.xs4all.nl /~eurodos/docu/econ/socialistprinciples.html (1340 words)

	China – "Socialist market economy" or just plain capitalism?
		In contrast to this, the property relations which issued from the socialist revolution are indivisibly bound up with the new state as their repository.
		The predominance of socialist over petty bourgeois tendencies is guaranteed, not by the automatism of the economy we are still far from that but by political measures taken by the dictatorship.
		Opening up to capitalist investment could co-exist within a socialist economy, on condition that it be used to strengthen the socialist sector of the economy.
	www.marxist.com /china-socialist-market-economy200106.htm (2592 words)

	Market socialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Market socialism is an attempt by a Soviet-style economy to introduce market elements into its socialist economic system in order to address the inefficiencies of its economy.
		Modern Vietnam and Laos can also be described as market socialist systems.
		Market socialist systems retain government ownership of the "commanding heights of the economy" such as heavy industry, energy, and infrastructure but attempt to introduce decentralised decision making giving local managers more freedom to make decisions and respond to market demands.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/market_socialism (778 words)

	China's socialist market economy
		First, in comparison with the traditional view of market socialism, China's socialist market economy has gone beyond the earlier pattern of market socialism that was based on a plan simulating the market or a market existing simultaneously with plan.
		Emphasising the basic role of the market, but not ignoring the role of macro regulation by the state, aims at making the market-competing power of China's economy, which is still weak, hold its ground in the keen competition of the international market and avoid crisis.
		Most of the foreign models stand for decreasing government interference in the market economy, and the state controlling power is limited-only to guiding the direction of investment and investment components by controlling and regulating interest rates.
	www.ospaaal.org /corint/numero_4/eng_4/markchin.htm (1192 words)

	CHINA China in Brief (Market Economy, the Chinese Way)
		Economically, the concept points to the socialist market economy which is no longer the exclusive domain of public ownership but the combination of public ownership, which serves as the mainstay, with individual, private and foreign-invested sectors.
		By tradition market economy is believed to the a peculiar feature to capitalism while planned economy is the basic hallmark of socialist economy.
		During his famous 1992 south China tour, he pointed out that planned economy is not synonymous to socialism because capitalism entails central planning and that market economy is not equivalent to capitalism because socialism also employs the role of the market.
	www.asiatradehub.com /china/marketeconomy.asp (2366 words)

	opportunities & challenges for the chinese economy
		Thirdly, the reform of the state-owned economy has made breakthroughs and the state enterprises have shifted from administrative appendages to agents in the market that are independent and responsible for their own profits and losses.
		During the period of transition towards the socialist economy the traditional highly concentrated administrative restraints have gradually been weakened while new systems, mechanisms and legal institutions have yet to be perfected, giving rise to many loopholes.
		China has initially established a socialist market economy, an ownership structure with public and state ownership in the dominant position and diverse forms of ownership developing side by side is coming into being, the market is beginning to play a fundamental role in resources allocation under the macro control by the state.
	cpim.org /marxist/200303_marxist_china_eco.htm (3545 words)

	China's Social Security System
		While proposal for the establishment of a socialist market economic system was put forward for the first time, deepening reform of the social security system was also clearly defined for the first time as one of the important links in the reform of the economic system.
		A healthily operating market economy is an economy which allocates social resources on the basis of a market mechanism.
		China is a developing country and is in the reform stage for establishing a socialist market economic structure, our policy of distribution and redistribution of income should embody the principle of priority to efficiency and due consideration to fairness.
	www.cato.org /events/china/papers/jie.html (11383 words)

	People's Weekly World - Vietnam’s socialist market economy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Vietnam shifted to a socialist market economy in 1986 after failing to meet economic output targets of its five-year plans.
		The Communist Party of Vietnam applies the term socialist to a process in which the interests of the working people are paramount as the state guides national development toward the goal of fully meeting human needs and eliminating exploitation of the labor of one person by another.
		To maintain the socialist character of economic development in a mixed economy, the working class must exercise its dominant position in the state to ensure that the socialist sector remains economically dominant as production expands.
	www.pww.org /article/articleprint/3777 (658 words)

	Political Affairs Magazine - Our Way: Building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics
		The third question to reflect on was whether a planned economy was still viable, whether a socialist economy was a commodity economy and whether a market economy could be practiced in socialism.
		The key to promoting socialist democracy and political civilization is to combine the need to uphold the Party’s leadership and to ensure the people are the masters of the country with the rule of law.
		Socialist spiritual civilization is a significant feature of socialist society and an important goal and guarantee of modernization.
	www.politicalaffairs.net /article/view/36/1/1 (2694 words)

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