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Topic: The Social Construction of Reality

Related Topics

Social constructionism

Social construction

Thomas Luckmann

Peter Berger

Sociology of knowledge

Sociology

John Searle

Jean Baudrillard

Postmodernism

Karl Mannheim

Roland Barthes

Michel Foucault

Jacques Derrida

Louis Pasteur

High Court of England and Wales

	Social construction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Social constructionism is a school of thought that attempts, to varying degrees, to analyze seemingly natural and given phenomena in terms of social constructs.
		Social constructions must be seen in an institutional context, as arising from the institutionalisation of patterns of interaction and meaning in society leading to a construction of social institutions and institutionalized perspectives and understandings.
		Social constructions, as revealed in the case of gender identity and gender role, turns out to be based on a core of fact and a surrounding layer of conventions that may have biological relevance but are not necessarily compliant to biology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Social_construction (1767 words)

	The Social Construction of Reality - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Social Construction of Reality is a classic book in the sociology of knowledge written by Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann and published in 1966.
		The central concept of The Social Construction of Reality is that persons and groups interacting together in a social system form, over time, concepts or mental representations of each other's actions, and that these concepts eventually become habituated into reciprocal roles played by the actors in relation to each other.
		Social reality is therefore said to be socially constructed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/The_Social_Construction_of_Reality (226 words)

	Thesis Exploration of The Social Construction of Reality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann in The Social Construction of Reality argue for a bottom-up view of the development of sociality and what I have simplified in the term traditioning; the everyday interactions of individuals reside at the bottom level of a grand and gradual process of the social construction of reality.
		With the advent of civilization came the emergence of a new class within human social structure, a class of elites whose purpose it was to maintain, safeguard, and transmit the "symbolic universe" of the society’s unifying mythology.
		Primary socialization occurs between the young child and his or her parents, biological or otherwise, as the child "learns" his or her place in the social universe from the parents.
	www.eunhyeandchris.com /chris/docs_text.asp?id=46 (4772 words)

	Catching The Phoenix: The Social Construction of Homosexuality
		The phrase “social construction of reality” doesn’t imply that there exists no reality independent of human perception, but instead describes the process through which our perception and interpretation of reality is inevitably colored by the assumptions of our culture as encoded in our language (Searle, 1997).
		When someone realizes they are strongly attracted to Asians as sexual partners, they do not have to deal with the anxiety of wondering whether they will only like Asians for the rest of their life because there is no strong social norm for racial preference.
		In essence, the social construction of reality is focused on how we arbitrarily choose certain things in the spectrum of reality and construct them as problems or points of interest out of the millions of equally viable candidates for those positions.
	www.nickyee.com /ponder/social_construction.html (1951 words)

	SocioSite: THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY
		Social order, needless to add, is also not given in man's natural environment, though particular features of this may be factors in determining certain features of a social order (for example, its economic or technological arrangements).
		In the early phases of socialization the child is quite incapable of distinguishing between the objectivity of natural phenomena and the objectivity of the social formations.
		Even in our empirically unlikely example of parents having constructed an institutional world de novo, the objectivity of this world would be increased for them by the socialization of their children, because the objectivity experienced by the children would reflect back upon their own experience of this world.
	www.sociosite.net /topics/texts/berger_luckman.php (2648 words)

	Virtual Rape
		The concept of the social construction of reality is understood in the terms presented by Berger and Luckmann (1967) and Holzner (1972).
		The relative social status of women is pertinent because the proof often depends upon the testimony of the victim, who belongs to a gender and/or class of people whose credibility does not weigh equally with that of her attacker.
		Feminist theorists view rape as the construction of a "male's decision to behave toward women in a possessive, dominating, and demeaning manner" (Ellis, 1989: 11), thus suggesting that rape is an act of power or a "pseudosexual act" rather than an act of erotic or biological desire.
	jcmc.indiana.edu /vol2/issue4/mackinnon.html (10284 words)

	Social Construction of Reality Representative Quotes
		§30 The social reality of everyday life is thus apprehended in a continuum of typifications, which are progressively anonymous as they are removed from the "here and now" of the face-to-face situation.
		Social structure is the sum total of these typifications and of the recurrent patterns of interaction established by means of them.
		As such, social structure is an essential element of the reality of everyday life.
	www.rdillman.com /Dillman/Courses/COMQuotes/quotes.soconreal.html (1527 words)

	Chapter 14: Social Construction of Reality
		College students in courses stressing social construction should keep in mind that their instructors may find the social construction of reality the only truth there is, and my approach to that sole truth repugnant.
		Human beings are socialized into human identities in specific societies, and those primary socializations give us, if not our worlds, at least our initial, and very strong worldviews: "The child does not internalize the world of his [initial] significant others as one of many possible worlds.
		Reality, then, is that which can be truly thought: grasped and communicated, and that which can be thought and communicated is reality.
	ebbs.english.vt.edu /sfra/Coyote/socialreality.htm (4590 words)

	Social Construction of Reality
		Our view of reality may not be entirely, or even mainly, "Rational" but may rather be a Human / Social Construction of Reality that is itself based on the promptings and cues provided by innate Human Nature.
		As notions of Sovereignty moved away from accepting that God's anointed rulers were Sovereign and towards an acceptance that Peoples should be Sovereign there was scope for turbulence as communities and peoples were called upon to reflect upon their position on the Earth.
		Perhaps the most revealing phase of this whole interplay between monarchical Europe, the more longstanding claims of Liberal constitutionalism and the emergent claims of nationalism and socialism was played out in the revolutions of 1848-9.
	www.age-of-the-sage.org /social_construction_reality.html (825 words)

	SOCIOLOGY OF CULTURE
		Reality is socially constructed and the sociology of knowledge must analyze the processes in which this occurs -- ''the sociology of knowledge is concerned with the analysis of the social construction of reality.'' The sociology of knowledge is concerned with the relationship between human thought and the social context in which it arises.
		Social structure is the sum total of these typifications and of the recurrent patterns of interaction established by means of them, social structure is an essential element of the reality of everyday life.
		Tracing the social and psychological role of religion is a matter of understanding how it is that men's notions of the ''real'' induce in them and color their sense of the practical and the moral.
	ssr1.uchicago.edu /PRELIMS/Culture/cumisc1.html (20699 words)

	Brad Cox, Ph.D.
		Social Text Afterward Alas, the editors of Social Text have discovered that my article, ``Transgressing the Boundaries: Toward a Transformative Hermeneutics of Quantum Gravity'', which appeared in Social Text #46/47, is a parody.
		But there is danger that it may resist the pressure too long and break suddenly, wrenching even the granite quays from their foundations, bringing desolation to a vast population, and leaving, after the subsidence of the flood, a widespread residue of slime, a fertile breeding-bed for the germs of disease.
		Constructing a Logical Argument There is a great deal of argument on Usenet.
	www.virtualschool.edu /mon/SocialConstruction.html (6662 words)

	Social Construction of Reality and emancipatory Theory: A Comparative Analysis
		The SCR of P. Berger and T. Luckmann, since it was introduced in the book Social Construction of Reality published in 1967, has made enormous impact upon the fields of Sociology and Social Sciences.
		Each individual is born into a world where others have a strong sense of what the reality of this world is-a sense which they have learned from their parents/teachers/guardians/friends, etc. This collective sense about reality is gradually transmitted to the individual as he maintains an intimate relationship with consociates, contemporaries, predecessors and successors.
		It is to be understood that Krippendorf’s major concern is a certain kind of social pathology which might have arisen from the interactive discourses among the members of the society and the system.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1738894/posts (2044 words)

	Collaborative Spaces and Education: Social Constructionism and MUs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)*
		Social constructionism assumes that identity and reality are based on shared language.
		That reality and consciousness are socially constructed through language is not a new idea.
		By beginning with an assumption that reality is socially constructed through language, social-epistemic and social constructionist rhetoric seem well adapted for considering MU*s.
	english.ttu.edu /kairos/2.1/features/andchev/noframes/construction.html (393 words)

	Social Reality Construction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Getting conflict parties to question the objective reality of their conflict permits them to identify aspects of it truly in opposition from those that are not.
		Once they realize they are not in total conflict, they can begin to cooperate in turning the conflicting interests into a problem to be solved.
		If a conflict is a "reality" constructed by opponents, it can just as well be reconstructed by them into less costly or more cooperative forms.
	www.colorado.edu /conflict/peace/example/wehr7487.htm (361 words)

	Reading Guide to
		This is legitimation — the process of the creation of ideas and explanations, both explicitly theoretical and ‘common-sense’, both specific and very general, which explain and justify the existing state of affairs and even try to account for different beliefs within the existing state of affairs.
		This internalisation is accomplished through socialisation in various stages: (see, the interesting discussion on ‘primary’ and ‘secondary’ socialization, for example.) The mechanisms of socialisation are as in symbolic interactionism and Mead in particular.
		As with Mead, the simple passive view of the individual totally at the mercy of their socialisers is rejected — individuals interact with socialisers from the beginning, and, especially in industrial societies, individuals are likely to meet a range of significant others who disagree with each other.
	www.arasite.org /bandl.htm (1799 words)

	Experimenting with the Social Construction of Reality: A Game for the Autistic Mind
		The Asperger Syndrome Social Education for Teenagers System (ASSETS) is a computer game-based system for developing social cognitions and skills in adolescents with AS.
		Since then work has focused on developing a social skills curriculum that could be administered by computer but also supported by existing resources (eg parents and teachers).
		The objective is a game-based social skills learning system defined by scenario rehearsal and a cast of eleven characters.
	www.ercim.org /publication/Ercim_News/enw57/harpur.html (911 words)

	Social Interaction and Social Structure
		Both in its genesis (social order is the result of past human activity) and its existence in any instant of time (social order exists only and insofar as human activity continues to produce it) it is a human product." (Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann.
		Broad social patterns, and social definitions shape the nature of the situations and lend themselves to particular images and feeling for the participants.
		Structure arises out of the face-to-face interactions of people who are operating from both a shared sense of reality (culture and socialization) as well as a individual and group oriented biography which produces particular definitions and interpretations.
	www.umsl.edu /~rkeel/010/structur.html (840 words)

	The Social Construction of Reality: Assumptions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This learning is social: we learn from and among persons in social interaction.
		their perceived value, causes, and significance are socially produced.
		Reality, insofar as it means to us, is situational, or pragmatic: the context governs our interpretation.
	qcpages.qc.cuny.edu /mediastudies/reality.htm (120 words)

	Exhibit Plans for Social Construction of Reality
		The theoretical background for one of these exhibits will be the social construction of reality.
		Once the cars are crushed, we cannot socially construct the accident away.
		I'd like you all to play with variations on making all age groups aware of the difference between what's out there that we can't change and what's out there that is socially constructed by us, so that we could change it.
	www.csudh.edu /dearhabermas/soccnstr06.htm (693 words)

	Berger, Peter L., and Thomas Luckman. The Social Construction of Reality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Beyond the concept of paradigms, Kuhn is perhaps most significant for his underlying general contribution to the discussion of the authority of science, and the social character of scientific advancement.
		Kuhn maintained that the traditional notion of scientific progress (distinct discoveries by individual scientists) was incorrect because real advances only occur over a period of time in group interaction.
		Science's special claim to authoritative knowledge is usually attributed to a rule-governed method for obtaining accurate observations of a foundational reality, rather than the social interaction of practitioners.
	userwww.service.emory.edu /~mhalber/Research/Guides/bergerluckmann.html (460 words)

	What's All This About the Social construction of Reality?
		W.I. Thomas said this of situations: "If a man believes the situation to be real, it is real in its consequences." I don't have his quote in front of me, so that's just out of my head.
		When we speak of the social definition of reality, we refer to those things which are, indeed, definied socially, such as race, crime, wealth.
		We do define that reality by developing normative expectations in these areas, and then acting as though are normative expectations are reality.
	www.habermas.org /withomas03.htm (844 words)

	Lecture2 - Sociology 0002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sanction: penalties(negative) and rewards(positive) for conduct concerning a social norm.
		Dominant Ideology: Used to describe a set of cultural beliefs and practices that help maintain powerful social, economic and political interests.
		· Conflict perspective: society's most powerful groups and institutions control wealth, property and means of producing beliefs about reality via religion, education and the media.
	www.pitt.edu /~prs7/lecture2.html (753 words)

	MEDIA AND THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY: Toward an Integration of Theory and Research -- ADONI and MANE 11 (3): ...
		MEDIA AND THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY: Toward an Integration of Theory and Research -- ADONI and MANE 11 (3): 323 -- Communication Research
		of the media and the social construction of reality are classified
		of reality, and for the integration of the two schools of communication
	crx.sagepub.com /cgi/content/abstract/11/3/323 (287 words)

	RandomHouse.ca \| Books \| The Social Construction of Reality by Peter L. Berger
		The Social Construction of Reality by Peter L. Berger
		This book reformulates the sociological subdiscipline known as the sociology of knowledge.
		A major breakthrough in the sociology of knowledge." -- American Sociological Review.
	www.randomhouse.ca /catalog/display.pperl?isbn=9780385058988 (49 words)

	CiteULike: The Social Construction of Reality : A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		CiteULike: The Social Construction of Reality : A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge
		The Social Construction of Reality : A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge
		book comm_research comm_theory constructivism epistemology identification identity information iown knowledge ontology organizational_identification phenomenology philosophy semiotic social social_interaction sociology socsci_meta sts theory thesis
	www.citeulike.org /user/rhetor/article/197328 (108 words)

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