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	Socinianism
		In 1574 the Socinians had issued a "Catechism of the Unitarians", in which, while much was said about the nature and perfection of the Godhead, silence was observed regarding those Divine attributes which are mysterious.
		Meanwhile the Socinians had flourished; they had established colleges, they held synods, and they had a printing press whence they issued an immense amount of religious literature in support of their views; this was collected, under the title "Bibliotheca Antitrinitarianorum", by Sandius.
		God, the Socinians maintained, and rightly is absolutely simple; but distinction of persons is destructive of such simplicity; therefore, they concluded the doctrine of the Trinity is unsound.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/s/socinianism.html (1853 words)

	Socinianism
		Socinianism summarises the beliefs of the Socinians, followers of Lallius Socinus (died 1562 in Zurich) and of his nephew Faustus Socinus (died 1604 in Poland.
		The Socinians congregated especially in the Siebenbürgen[?], in Poland and in the Netherlands.
		The Socinians were driven from their seat at Rakow in 1643.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/so/Socinianism.html (75 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Socinianism
		Socinianism summarises the beliefs of the Socinians, followers of Laelius Socinus (died 1562 in Zürich) and of his nephew Faustus Socinus (died 1604 in Poland).
		Socinians held views rooted in reason and rejected orthodox teachings on the Trinity and on the divinity of Jesus, as summarised in the Racovian Catechism.
		Socinianism is considered to be an antecedent or early form of Unitarianism.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Socinianism (199 words)

	[No title]
		Although Socinianism is rooted in specific historical and regional contexts, and while the movement enjoyed relative doctrinal stasis, the term “Socinian” came to mean many things in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and untangling these nuances is difficult.
		1 Corinthians 8:4-6 Isaac Newton and Socinianism Isaac Newton was not a Socinian.
		As with the Socinians, Newton contended that the corruption of language and the introduction of novel terminology were foremost among the causes of divisions among the early Christians.
	www.isaac-newton.org /socinian.doc (7490 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Socinianism
		The Socinians derive their name from two natives of Siena, Lelio Sozzini (1525-62) and his nephew Fausto Sozzini (1539-1604).
		In 1638 the Catholics in Poland insisted on the banishment of the Socinians, who were in consequence dispersed.
		All this teaching is syncretized in the Socinian doctrine regarding the Last Supper; it was not even commemorative of Christ's Passion, it was rather an act of thanksgiving for it.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14113a.htm (1790 words)

	Ostorodt, Christoph (d. 1611)
		He was converted to Socinianism and in 1585 joined the Polish Minor Church (the only existing church body of that persuasion).
		It is a most remarkable source, revealing the spirit of Socinianism as well as the gulf which separated it from the Anabaptists.
		It is known that the Polish Socinians showed a strong tendency toward communal living, hence their interest in the experiment of the Moravian Hutterites in this regard.
	www.gameo.org /encyclopedia/contents/O850.html (1117 words)

	Catholics and Heretics: Sarmatian Review, April 1999
		The debate between the Socinians and their adversaries was conducted by theologians and preachers skilled at the level of theoretical and scholarly theology, and also at the level of popular polemic and preaching.
		The Jesuit disputant assumed that the Socinian heresy was an objective evil, a painful blow to the unity of the Church and consequently, unity of the state.
		It was characteristic of the Socinians that - although they had their own catechisms and rules of faith established by successive synods - their freedom of theological research was immense, with virtually no limits and restrictions, as witnessed by the famous theological seminars in Raków which were presided over by Socinus himself.
	www.ruf.rice.edu /~sarmatia/499/wilczek.html (5573 words)

	Socinianism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Socinianism summarises the beliefs of the Socinians, followers of Laelius Socinus (died 1562 in Zürich) and of his nephew Faustus Socinus (died 1604 in Poland).
		Socinians held skeptical views rooted in reason and rejected orthodox teachings on the Trinity and on the divinity of Jesus, as summarised in the Racovian Catechism.
		Socinianism is considered to be an antecedent of Unitarian Universalism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Socinianism (176 words)

	20th WCP: The Philosophical Legacy of the 16th and 17th Century Socinians: Their Rationality
		Socinianism thus played a double role for the development of religiosity during the Enlightenment: one role was positive, the other was negative.
		The negative effect of the Socinianism was that: in the opinion of the ideologues of the Enlightenment, the Socinians were supposed to undertake the final attempt to rationalize Christianity.
		The Socinians, standing on the position that Jesus is identical with the Messiah promised by the Old Testament, also had to defend the authenticity of the Old Testament Revelation and consequently of its cruel God of Joshua and David with the God of Gospels.
	www.bu.edu /wcp/Papers/Reli/ReliHill.htm (2606 words)

	socinianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Socinianism denies the doctrine of the Trinity claiming it denies the simplicity of God's unity.
		It teaches that Jesus was only a man. However, as is separate from the unitarians, it taught that Jesus was a deified man and was to be adored as such.
		The followers of Socinianism also rejected infant baptism, hell, and taught the annihilation of the wicked.
	www.carm.org /heresy/socinianism.htm (207 words)

	"ISAAC NEWTON AND SOCINIANISM: Associations with a greater Heresy" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Socinian opinions while travelling in eastern Europe and was during the English Civil War condemned to death for denying the Trinity.
		Socinians held that the word God is used only of the Father in the absolute, underived sense, while it is used of Christ, angels and some humans in a relative or derived sense.
		In this light it is astonishing that some of the closest analogies with Socinianism are found in a document he released in the public sphere and that he went on to add to the General Scholium another parallel to Socinianism after being attacked for Socinianism.
	unfailinglove.org /science_religion/socinianism.htm (12940 words)

	"A Comparison of Systems" by A.A. Hodge
		Socinianism was developed by these writers with consummate ability, and crystallized into its most perfect form, as a logical system.
		During the eighteenth century a number of degenerate Presbyterian (churches in England lapsed into Socinianism, and towards the end of the same century a larger number of Congregational Churches in Eastern Massachusetts followed their example and these together constitute the foundation of the modern Unitarian Denomination.
		Priestley, of the old Socinian school, building itself upon a sensational philosophy; Channing, of an attempt to gain a large development of the spiritual element; Martineau, of the elevation of view induced by the philosophy of Cousin, and the introduction of the idea of historical progress in religious ideas.” - “Farrar’s Crit.
	www.the-highway.com /comparison_Hodge.html (5459 words)

	Socinianism, Socinus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Socinianism is the name given to the specific form of anti - trinitarianism or Unitarianism stated by the Italian theologian Socinus (Fausto Paolo Sozzini, 1539 - 1604) and developed during the early 17th century, particularly in Poland.
		John Biddle, the founder of English unitarianism, was influenced by Socinianism.
		S Kot, Socinianism in Poland (1957); E M Wilbur, A History of Unitarianism: Socinianism and Its Antecedents (1945); G H Williams, The Radical Reformation (1962).
	mb-soft.com /believe/txc/socinian.htm (282 words)

	Socinianism, Arianism and Unitarianism (No. 185)
		The Socinians at this time suppressed the old catechism and issued a new one entitled the Catechism of Racow which although drawn up by Faustus Socinius was not published until 1605, the year after his death.
		In 1638 the Catholics insisted that the Socinians be banished.
		Socinians, however, proceeded to deduce that there can be no proportion between the finite and the infinite and, hence, there can be no Incarnation of the Deity as that would demand such a proportion.
	www.logon.org /english/s/p185.html (6215 words)

	Unity School of Christianity, Church Universal and Triumphant
		Socinianism developed in 1550 by the Italian brothers Laelius and Faustus Socinus.
		Socinianism denies the doctrine of the Trinity claiming it denies the simplicity of God's unity.
		The followers of Socinianism also rejected infant baptism, hell, and taught the annihilation of the wicked.
	biblia.com /christianity2/3b-universal-u.htm (1175 words)

	Electronic Resources
		The Arians and Socinians monitor : being a vision that a young Socinian teacher lately had, in which he saw, in the most exquisite torment, his tutor, who died some years ago; and had from his own mouth the fearful relation of what befell him at and after his death.
		The Socinian controversie touching the Son of God : reduced, in a brief essay, to prove the Son one in essence with the Father, upon Socinian principles, concessions and reason : concluded with an humble and serious caution to the friends of the Church of England, against the approaches of Socinianism
		The Socinian slain with the sword of the spirit : containing twenty arguments, demonstrating to the meanest capacity,that the Holy Ghost is the most high God : to which is added, a reply to what Mr.
	sunzi1.lib.hku.hk /ER/search.jsp?the_key=Socinianism&the_field=sb&the_lang=a (3491 words)

	Con-IH 2006 :: International History at Harvard University :: mortimer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		After outlining the broad issues which were at stake, I shall focus upon the case of England, where the crisis of civil war brought questions of obligation and allegiance to the forefront of political debate.
		Here, Socinianism was used by leading Royalist propagandists and pamphleteers in order to undermine the legitimacy of Parliament’s resort to arms.
		Yet Socinians did seek to show that their thin concept of natural law was universal in a way that the divine law simply could not be, and I shall show the importance of this claim.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~conih/abstracts/mortimer.htm (403 words)

	English Dissenters: Socinians
		Socinianism was viewed favorably as a form of religious toleration during this period by the writers known as the "Oxford Latitudinarians" who attempted to promoted a broader Church view of religious practice and toleration.
		Being a defence of that fundamental doctrine of the Christian religion, againsty arinism and socinianism.
		Pneumatologia, or, A treatise of the Holy Ghost in which, the God-head of the third person of the Trinitie is strongly asserted by Scripture-arguments, And defended against the sophisticall subtleties of John Bidle.
	www.exlibris.org /nonconform/engdis/socinians.html (4031 words)

	Socinianism refuted
		Socinianism is a serious deviation from orthodoxy within Protestantism named after Fausto Sozzini (or Socinus, 1539-1604), a product of the radical skepticism of the Italian Renaissance.
		Socinians also teach the Christ illustrated the doctrine of a future life by his own resurrection.
		All these Socinian points contain an element of truth and yet they are so unbalanced and partial that in the end they teach error.
	www.tecmalta.org /tft365.htm (644 words)

	Socinianism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Faustus went to Poland in 1579 and became the movement’s leader and principal theologian.
		Socinianism represented an extreme attempt to reconcile Christianity with humanism.
		Socinianism is sometimes called Old Unitarianism and, erroneously, Polish Arianism.
	www.bartleby.com /65/so/Socinian.html (289 words)

	Dr (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The founder of the Socinian movement was Faustus Socinus (or, Sozzini; 1539-1604), nephew of Laelius (Lelio) Socinus (1525-1562), whose writings were so inflammatory that they were never published.
		The Socinian concept of divine justice is directly related to their emphasis on the utterly free and arbitrary divine will.
		The bottom line for Socinianism is that trinitarianism is “repugnant to Scripture” and “an invention of Satan” (Catechism, 4.1).
	www.enjoyinggodministries.com /article.asp?id=340 (1339 words)

	A Comparison of Systems Presented here is a brief sketch of the main contrasting positions of the three rival systems ...
		In this chapter will be presented a brief sketch of the main contrasting positions of the three rival systems of Pelagianism, Semipelagianism, and Augustinianism, or as they are denominated in their more completely developed forms, Socinianism, Arminianism, and Calvinism--together with an outline of the history of their rise and dissemination.
		And Semipelagian views as to sin and grace are also irresistibly attracted by, and in turn attract Arminian views as to the divine attributes, the nature of the Atonement, and the work of the Spirit.
		Priestley, of the old Socinian- building itself upon a sensational philosophy; Channing, of an attempt to gain a large development of the spiritual element; Martineau, of the elevation of view induced by the philosophy of Cousin, and the introduction of the idea of historical progress in religious ideas."-"Farrar's Crit.
	www.believersweb.org /view.cfm?ID=1056 (5493 words)

	Summary: Socinianism, Arianism and Unitarianism (No. 185z)
		Some scholars incorrectly group the Arians and Socinians together under the term Unitarian, but there are differences between their doctrines.
		The Socinians took the Bible as sole authority but it had to be interpreted by reason.
		The Catholics hold this as the dividing line between Socinians and Unitarians that Unitarians deny the miraculous birth of Christ and refuse him adoration.
	www.ccg.org /english/z/p185z.html (1382 words)

	Socinianism: Unitarianism in 16th-17th Century Poland and Its Influence
		The Socinian movement was crushed in Poland in 1660 but many Socinians moved to the Netherlands.
		Locke's library included many Socinian works and his posthumously published work, The Reasonableness of Christianity, was close to the Socinian position in its emphasis on Jesus as an ethical teacher.
		However, Locke was probably an Arian rather than a Socinian Christian in the sense that he held Jesus to be a supernatural being dependent on but less exalted than God.
	www.wku.edu /~jan.garrett/socinus.htm (988 words)

	A.A. HODGE 0101
		In this chapter will be presented a brief sketch of the main contrasting positions of the three rival systems of Pelagianism, Semipelagianism, and Augustinianism, or as they are denominated in their more completely developed forms, Socinianism, Arminianism, and Calvinism--together with an outline of the history of their rise and dissemination.
		And Semipelagian views as to sin and grace are also irresistibly attracted by, and in turn attract Arminian views as to the divine attributes, the nature of the Atonement, and the work of the Spirit.
		Priestley, of the old Socinian- building itself upon a sensational philosophy; Channing, of an attempt to gain a large development of the spiritual element; Martineau, of the elevation of view induced by the philosophy of Cousin, and the introduction of the idea of historical progress in religious ideas."-"Farrar's Crit.
	www.ondoctrine.com /2hoa0101.htm (5560 words)

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