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Topic: Socratic method

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Socratic Dialogue

Elenchus

Maieutics

Socrates

Elenchos

Socratic irony

Classical Education

School of Law

Dialectic

Western philosophy

Plato

History of Western philosophy

Theaetetus

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Contradiction

	Socratic method - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Socratic method (or method of elenchos or Socratic debate) is a dialectic method of inquiry, largely applied to the examination of key moral concepts and first described by Plato in the Socratic Dialogues.
		For this, Socrates is customarily regarded as the father and fountainhead for western ethics or moral philosophy.
		Socratic method is widely used in contemporary legal education by many law schools in the United States.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Socratic_method (1835 words)

	The Socratic Method and Doctrine
		Moral error, Socrates conceived, is largely due to the misapplication of general terms, which, once affixed to a person or to an act, possibly in a moment of passion or prejudice, too often stand in the way of sober and careful reflection.
		While Socrates sought neither knowledge, which in the strict sense of the word he held to be unattainable, nor yet, except as a means to right action, true opinion, the results of observation accumulated until they formed, not perhaps a system of ethics, but at any rate a body of ethical doctrine.
		In short, the ethical theory of Socrates, like the rest of his teaching, is by confession unscientific; it is the statement of the convictions of a remarkable nature, which statement emerges in the course of an appeal to the individual to study consistency in the interpretation of traditional rules of conduct.
	www.2020site.org /socrates/method.html (1435 words)

	Socratic Method Research Portal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Socratic Method deconstructs people’s understanding using their own words and leaves them with the experience of being less sure of what they previously knew with greater certainty.
		The advantage of the Socratic Method over the more common forms of discussion or debate is that the Socratic questioner may abandon the burdensome pretense of knowing and take the more subordinate and dialectically effective role as a seeker of understanding.
		I found the use of the Socratic Method to be vastly superior to the traditional forms of discussion in its effectiveness at engaging conservative Christian men on this dialogue’s subject.
	www.socraticmethod.net (2336 words)

	Education Resources » Socratic method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Socrates’ interlocutor asserts a thesis, for example ‘Courage is endurance of the soul’, which Socrates considers false and targets for refutation.
		Socrates secures his interlocutor’s agreement to further premises, for example ‘Courage is a fine thing’ and ‘Ignorant endurance is not a fine thing’.
		Socrates then argues, and the interlocutor agrees, that these further premises imply the contrary of the original thesis, in this case it leads to: ‘courage is not endurance of the soul’.
	www.thecatalyst.org /resource/2006/04/21/Socratic-method (1706 words)

	The Socratic Method
		The Socratic Method is to engage someone over the meaning of some term or idea, and then to cross-examine the opponent until a clear definition is achieved and cannot be refuted.
		Socrates said that 'the unexamined life is not worth living.' I think that this statement directly applies to the Socratic Method.
		Skeptical is a good word to describe the Socratic Method because it seems as though one party always has to 'play the devil's advocate.' They disagree against unquestioned certainty for the sake of continuing the conversation.
	allfreeessays.com /student/The_Socratic_Method.html (1288 words)

	PES Yearbook: 1998: Rob Reich, Confusion about the Socratic Method
		The results of Socrates' life, the conclusions he drew about how we ought to live, Vlastos argues, are less important than the manner in which he conducted his life, the style of inquiry he originated and bequeathed to future generations.
		Socrates almost always succeeds in eliciting from a person some belief that entails the opposite of a belief proffered earlier, and thereby leads the respondent into contradiction.
		On this latter reading, Socrates' method made no ironclad guarantees that the truth would be revealed as a result of the inquiry, but should consensus form among the participants, such consensus would constitute the truth.
	www.ed.uiuc.edu /EPS/PES-Yearbook/1998/reich.html (5038 words)

	Diversity and the Socratic Method
		Socrates’ contribution to philosophy and science was not to establish, prove or advance any specific system of views.
		Socrates investigates the nature of moral properties and relations by means of a question and answer process.
		I’ve argued that the Socratic method, as the central component of the traditional conception of rationality, is the friend of diversity of mind.
	facweb.bcc.ctc.edu /wpayne/diversity_and_the_socratic_metho.htm (2973 words)

	Future Human Evolution - Socratic Method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		A Socratic Seminar is a method to try to understand information by creating a dialectic in regards to a specific information source.
		Socratic Seminar sources are chosen for their richness in ideas, issues, and values and their ability to stimulate extended, thoughtful dialogue.
		Socrates was convinced that the surest way to attain reliable knowledge was through the practice of disciplined conversation.
	www.human-evolution.org /methodology_socratic.php (733 words)

	Socrates and the Socratic Method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Socrates is known for this dictum "Know thyself" and yet, he is also known for the equally consistent practice of turning the conventional world of belief and language on its head.
		Socrates' philosophy is found in the way he speaks, the way he listens, and the trust he puts in conversation and argument.
		Socrates makes virtue, virtue reflected in what we have already become and what we are in the process of becoming, the basis conversation about the good life.
	www.wvu.edu /~lawfac/jelkins/teachvirtue/socrates.html (3745 words)

	The Socratic Method
		Tradition calls this the Socratic maieutic, from the Greek word for obstetrics, because the basic ideas we use in education come forth from our own minds, not from the teacher's.
		To highlight the Socratic pedagogy, the College will often state flatly that there are no lectures; all teaching takes place through tutorial and seminar discussions.
		Socrates was not ready to quit until the disciple delivered his own brain child by his own labor, for until the disciple could bring his own concept out and into the "light of day," he would never know what he really knew.
	www.thomasaquinas.edu /curriculum/socratic.htm (1635 words)

	The Socratic Method, by Leonard Nelson
		The Socratic method, then, is the art of teaching not philosophy but philosophizing, the art not of teaching about philosophers but of making philosophers of the students.
		Socrates, after this higher level of ignorance is reached, far from directing the discussion toward the metaphysical problems, blocks every attempt of his pupils to push straight on to them with the injunction that they had better first learn about the life of the weavers, the flsmiths, the carters.
		Socrates was the first to combine with confidence in the ability of the human mind to recognize philosophical truth the conviction that this truth is not arrived at through occasional bright ideas or mechanical teaching but that only planned, unremitting, and consistent thinking leads us from darkness into its light.
	www.friesian.com /method.htm (13980 words)

	Socrates - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Socrates lived during the time of the transition from the height of the Athenian Empire to its decline after its defeat by Sparta and its allies in the Peloponnesian War.
		For this, Socrates is customarily regarded as the father of political philosophy and ethics or moral philosophy, and as a fountainhead of all the main themes in Western philosophy in general.
		In this method, a series of questions are posed to help a person or group to determine their underlying beliefs and the extent of their knowledge.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Socrates (3685 words)

	Socrates: Philosophical Life
		Socrates lets Euthypro off the hook on this one by aggreeing—only for purposes of continuing the discussion—that the gods may be supposed to agree perfectly with each other.
		The use of Socratic methods, even when they clearly result in a rational victory, may not produce genuine conviction in those to whom they are applied.
		Socrates himself was entirely convinced that the arguments hold, so he concluded that it would be wrong for him to escape from prison.
	www.philosophypages.com /hy/2d.htm (1740 words)

	James Cutsinger - Socratic Method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Professor Cutsinger's honors and graduate seminars are noted for their use of the Socratic method of discussion.
		The "Rules of Thumb for Socratic Discussion" have been adapted from a collection of "Notes on Dialogue" by Stringfellow Barr, one of the founding fathers of St John's College, and they are meant primarily for students who may be interested in taking one of Professor Cutsinger's courses.
		Socratic dialectic has a different code of manners from the dinner party, where religion and politics are sometimes forbidden for fear that rising passions might damage social intercourse, and where interrupting a long-winded and empty speech is considered discourteous.
	www.cutsinger.net /socratic.html (856 words)

	Scholar discusses educational benefits of Socratic method: 5/03
		The Socratic method aims to engage both teacher and students in an open-ended dialogue that examines their individual beliefs and assumptions, said Reich, who began his talk by showing a clip of The Paper Chase.
		The aim of the Socratic method is a moral education -- or, as the character of Socrates emphasizes in Plato's Republic, the central question is how one ought to live.
		Indeed, the Socratic method turns on a kind of philosophical cognitive dissonance: If students discover their beliefs or moral intuitions don't withstand scrutiny, "it's nothing less than the coherence of the student's life that is at stake," Reich said.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/pr/03/socratic528.html (742 words)

	Mormon Philosophy & Theology
		The error that Socrates sees as making him the wisest, that grounds the Socratic Method, is that he doesn't think he knows what he doesn't know.
		First, I don't like the socratic method in general because, as you point out Clark, it can (and often is) used insincerely.
		Socrates transforms Ate into his daemon much like the erinyes into the eumenides as a result of his confession: it makes him transparent for which the Ring of Gyges story in the Republic is the key.
	www.libertypages.com /clark/10456.html (1787 words)

	More About the Socratic Method
		But that is not worth trying to ferret out of people by the Socratic method of asking leading questions and hoping they will have had the experience and be able to remember it, etc.
		The Socratic Method is easy, if you understand the logic of what you are explaining; it is impossible if you do not.
		Socrates used to tick off people doing this; they thought he was mocking them by asking them stupid questions or tricking them into being confused because he was clever.
	www.garlikov.com /teaching/smmore.htm (2032 words)

	Socratic Method
		Many law professors use a modified version of the Socratic method to teach not only the principles of the cases you are reading, but also to teach the students the kind of legal reasoning they will need as lawyers.
		The idea behind this method is that students actively participate in thinking through the problems raised by the cases and analyze the way particular facts together with a legal principle lead to certain conclusions, and how new facts will require different conclusions.
		A skillful practitioner of the Socratic method can use the student’s answer to engage the students in a rigorous analysis of the issues of the case without humiliating individual students.
	www.nyls.edu /pages/3082.asp (344 words)

	You Are Brighter Than You Think!
		A method popular in Europe for training ordinary people into being sophisticated, sensitive winetasters or perfume testers, is: to provide that person a sample, and he is to describe rapid-fire everything that comes into mind, for some minutes.
		Modern Socratic Method simply has you describing aloud, to live listener or to potential listener a la tape recorder, in detail, everything you can observe in that context while you are observing it--and again, afterward, in different settings and contexts (which provide different feedbacks), until you've made full sense of what you've observed.
		For example, such methods are invaluable for predicting trends and for predicting the outcomes of decisions, executive and otherwise.
	www.winwenger.com /ebooks/bright.htm (3708 words)

	Socratic Method
		The Socratic method derives from the Socratic Dialogues of Plato, in which Socrates made people jump through intellectual hoops trying to defend a "truth." He would ask a progression of seemingly innocent questions that ultimately led the respondent to a logical conclusion that was incompatible with that person's originally stated belief.
		Because the Socratic method triggers fruitful group discussions, children get to see how their peers are thinking and feeling about these important issues.
		Our experience with the Socratic method shows it to be a highly effective approach for helping children become ethical, respectful, responsible people who think critically, solve problems nonviolently, and make choices based on what's right instead of what they can get away with.
	www.livewiremedia.com /socmethod.html (2038 words)

	Socratic Method (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The professor's hypotheticals are the core of the Socratic Method.
		Socrates, so far as we know, left no personal writings of his teaching and philosophy.
		The most often-cited source about Socrates and his method of teaching is Plato, who was a student of Socrates.
	www.wvu.edu /~lawfac/jelkins/orientation/socratic.html (543 words)

	Project Renaissance, Einstein and Socrates -- Two historically powerful systems of thought combined
		During those 2200 Socratic years, from a population base of but a few thousand citizens—most of whom soldiered or sold olives or politicked or followed other such interests and pursuits—nonetheless, Classical Greece produced more cultural giants and geniuses than have all of Earth's 5 billion people during this past half-century.
		The drawback of the classical Socratic method, with its acute questioning of 1 to 2 students, or fierce argument with maybe a half-dozen, was that it could be practiced with only a few at a time while the remainder of a large group or class grew restless.
		Surprisingly, many of the modern versions of Socratic Method work better the more students or participants there are at a time in a group.
	www.winwenger.com /einsoc.htm (1219 words)

	The Socratic Method
		It is a very efficient teaching method, because the first time through tends to cover the topic very thoroughly, in terms of their understanding it.
		For the Socratic method to work as a teaching tool and not just as a magic trick to get kids to give right answers with no real understanding, it is crucial that the important questions in the sequence must be logically leading rather than psychologically leading.
		Finally, two of the interesting, perhaps side, benefits of using the Socratic method are that it gives the students a chance to experience the attendant joy and excitement of discovering (often complex) ideas on their own.
	www.garlikov.com /Soc_Meth.html (4407 words)

	Socratic Method - Uncyclopedia
		If I were to inform you that the Socratice Method can be used to confuse, annoy, and inform large amounts of people, would you be willing to use it on a large audience of people?
		How about if I mentioned, in my calm manner, that the Socratic Method was a very large craze amongst the youth in the mid 1940s?
		Is this the original form of the Socratic Method, in which people simply ask each other questions in order to inform, annoy, or confuse?
	uncyclopedia.org /wiki/Socratic_Method (386 words)

	Socratic Teaching (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		As a tactic and approach, Socratic questioning is a highly disciplined
		The Socratic questioner acts as the logical equivalent of the inner
		Socratic questioner forces the class to think in a disciplined,
	lonestar.texas.net /~mseifert/crit3.html (327 words)

	The Socratic Method
		Though the Socratic Method has passed out of vogue in the last decade, it remains a common instruction style in many law schools.
		The case method already places a dizzying burden on a 1L, but when combined with the Socratic Method, it leaves many feeling helpless.
		At its worst, the Socratic Method subjects an unprepared student to ruthless scrutiny and fosters an unhealthy adversarial relationship between an instructor and his students.
	www.princetonreview.com /law/research/articles/life/socratic.asp (289 words)

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