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Topic: Sodium borohydride

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	Sodium Borohydride (NaBH4) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Sodium borohydride is a water soluble reductant exhibiting unique properties in organic synthesis.
		Especially in the last 20 years, sodium borohydride has become established as the reductant of choice in the large scale synthesis of active ingredient in applications beyond aldehyde/ketone reductions.
		Part of the convenience associated with sodium borohydride reductions lies in the fact that, unlike most other complex hydrides, it is not necessary to exclude moisture and atmospheric oxygen from the reaction mixture.
	www.hydridesolutions.com /sodiumborohydride.html (644 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for sodium
		Sodium ortho silicate is Na 4 SiO 4 (or 2Na 2 O·SiO 2); sodium meta silicate is Na 2 SiO 3 (or Na 2 O·SiO 2); sodium di silicate is Na 2 Si 2 O 5
		Pure sodium carbonate is a white, odorless powder that absorbs moisture from the air, has an alkaline taste, and forms a strongly alkaline water solution.
		Poisoning: sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate: Nicola Bates discusses the clinical effects and management of salt and sodium bicarbonate overdose in adults and children.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=sodium (642 words)

	Sodium borohydride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The compound was discovered in 1942 by the chemist Herbert C. Brown, who contributed much to the development of borohydride chemistry.
		sodium borohydride is prepared by the action of sodium hydride on trimethylborate at 250-270°C: + 4 NaH → NaBH
		Sodium borohydride is also used in experimental fuel cell systems as a means of storing hydrogen.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sodium_borohydride (543 words)

	Fine Chemicals - Products - Sodium borohydride - NaBH4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Hydrifin P is a fine powder fraction of sodium borohydride for applications where large specific surface area is essential to the reduction.
		Hydrifin G is a granular form of sodium borohydride for processes where handling and dosing properties are of utmost importance.
		Hydrifin GS is a small granular form of sodium borohydride for applications where a specific dissolution or suspension is required.
	www.finnishchemicals.com /pls/main/finnchem.main.html?p_link_id=4203500200 (151 words)

	Auto21 - The Automobile of the 21st Century / L'automobille du XXIe siècle
		Previous work has shown that sodium borohydride has great potential since its mass to hydrogen capacity is greatest among the presently known hydrogen carriers.
		The solution of sodium borohydride is non-flammable and stable until it is contacted with a catalyst.
		The current cost to produce sodium borohydride is too high to permit its use in commercial vehicles and the need for a low cost recycling method has been described as the main roadblock to its adoption as the hydrogen carrier of choice for automotive applications.
	www.auto21.ca /powertrains2_e.html (204 words)

	Rio Tinto Borax : Library : Pioneer Magazine
		This yields sodium borohydride and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) together with methyl products which can be re-used in the process as methanol, plus some impurities and oils which are removed in a purification process.
		Sodium borohydride is used in the chemicals processing industry to reduce impurities.
		Sodium borohydride enables manufacturers to meet the most stringent effluent limits, and to precipitate metals in their elemental form (rather than metal complexes) for recovery and subsequent industrial re-use.
	www.borax.com /pioneer25.html (924 words)

	Synthesis of 3-aminomethyl-1-propanol, a fluoxetine precursor - Patent 6846957
		Converting 1-phenyl-3-methylamino-2-propen-1-one into 3-methylamino-1-phenyl-1-propanol using a sodium borohydride and acetic acid may include, for example adding approximately 21 mmol of sodium borohydride to a solution comprising approximately 3.7 mmol of 3-methylamino-1-phenyl-2-propen-1-one in a glacial acetic acid solution producing a 3-methylamino-1-phenyl-1-propanol solution.
		In brief, exemplary methods include sodium borohydride (800 mg, 21.0 mmol) added in portions to a vigorously stirred solution of 3-methylamino-1-phenyl-2-propen-1-one (600 mg, 3.7 mmol) in glacial acetic acid (15 ml) over a period of 30 minutes at 5 to 10.degree.
		Sodium borohydride (6 equivalents) was slowly added to a 0.25 M solution of 3-(methylamino)-1-phenyl-2-propen-1-one (Formula 3), in glacial acetic acid at 5-10.degree.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6846957.html (3508 words)

	Sodium Boro Hydride
		A new hydrogen fuel transporter, sodium boro-hydride, is now being considered to deliver hydrogen for powering fuel cell vehicles.
		Sodium borohydride is made from borax, a material that is found in substantial natural reserves globally.
		As with other fuels, and hydrogen itself, sodium boro-hydride is still expensive to produce in small quantities and not enough is being produced to allow for economies of scale.
	www.batteriesdigest.com /sodium_boro_hydride.htm (1044 words)

	Practical enantioselective reduction using sodium borohydride catalysed by optically active cobalt complexes: Dr. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Practical enantioselective reduction using sodium borohydride catalysed by optically active cobalt complexes: Dr. Takushi Nagata, chief researcher at the catalysis science laboratory of Mitsui Chemicals, reviews the use of sodium borohydride in enantioselective reduction.
		Sodium borohydride is a useful and readily available reducing agent for carbonyl compounds, both in industry and in the laboratory.
		Enantioselective reduction of aryl ketones proceeds smoothly in the presence of a catalytic amount of optically active aldiminato cobalt complex, by using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent.
	www.allbusiness.com /manufacturing/chemical-manufacturing/221630-1.html (647 words)

	Technology Review: Better Fuel Cells for Laptops
		Sodium borohydride, the solution used by Millennium Cell, Medis, and the Arizona State team is becoming a popular choice to store hydrogen for portable fuel cells, says Gervasio.
		In addition, systems that use sodium borohydride can be made as small as conventional batteries because the solution stores a large amount of hydrogen in a small volume.
		The catalyst sets off a chemical reaction that liberates hydrogen from the sodium borohydride solution, and also creates byproducts that are pumped out of the chamber and back into the fuel cartridge to be disposed later.
	www.technologyreview.com /read_article.aspx?id=17495&ch=biztech (1036 words)

	Zinc Borohydride Reduction in DCM: A Convenient Procedure for the Methylation of Amines - [www.rhodium.ws]
		The combination of zinc chloride and sodium borohydride in dichloromethane is used to effect reductive aminations of formaldehyde with a variety of primary and secondary amines containing potentially acid-sensitive functional groups in good to excellent yields.
		Sodium borohydride (0.38g, 10 mmol) was then added to the reaction mixture and sliming was continued for a further period of 8h.
		Sodium borohydride (0.76 g, 20 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 1h.
	www.erowid.org /archive/rhodium/chemistry/n-methylation.zn-borohydride.html (1282 words)

	Fuel Cell Works Supplemental News Page
		One of the byproducts of the hydrolysis reaction is boron oxide, a compound that, doesn't dissolve readily in water.
		So when the concentration of sodium borohydride increases, so does the concentration of the solid boron oxide, which "gums up" the pumping system, limiting how much sodium borohydride can be used, says Gervasio.
		They found that by adding ethylene glycol to the boron hydride solution, they could use a concentration of sodium borohydride 50 percent stronger than one without ethylene glycol in the solution--increasing the amount of hydrogen that can be stored and liberated--without producing the unwanted clumps of boron oxide.
	www.fuelcellsworks.com /Supppage5982.html (969 words)

	SODIUM BOROHYDRIDE
		An explosion can occur by spontaneous ignition of the gases released from a saturated solution of sodium borohydride in dimethylformamide at 17C.
		Disposal: Sodium borohydride can be decomposed by carefully adding diluted acetic acid or acetone to a water dispersion of the scrap.
		Reacts with water to evolve hydrogen and sodium hydroxide.
	www.jtbaker.com /msds/englishhtml/s3146.htm (1080 words)

	Borohydride Rdn
		The use of this model to predict which diastereomer will predominate is referred to as the "Rule of Steric Control of Asymmetric Induction (Cram's rule)." The stereochemical outcome of the reduction of benzil with sodium borohydride is consistent with this rule.
		Note 2: The aqueous filtrate should be acidified with dilute acetic acid, to destroy excess borohydride, prior to flushing the mixture down the drain.
		Calculate the theoretical mass of sodium borohydride needed to reduce 35 mg of benzil.
	www.bradley.edu /las/chm/Course/351/Borohydride.htm (476 words)

	CCM/Market Reports-/Production and Market of Sodium Borohydride in China
		The production capacity and actual output of sodium borohydride is xxxx tonnes in 2006 and xxxx tonnes in 2005, respectively.
		There are two type of sodium borohydride in China, including liquid form and solid form.
		Sodium borohydride can be used in various areas, including pharmaceutical industry, paper bleach, dyeing etc. The consumption volume of sodium borhydride in pharmaceutical industry is the largest, accounting for about 50% of the total.
	www.cnchemicals.com /maindocs/marketreports/maincontent/SodiumBorohydride.htm (477 words)

	sodium — Infoplease.com
		It is used in sodium arc lamps for street lighting; pure or alloyed with potassium, it has found use as a heat-transfer liquid, e.g., in certain nuclear reactors.
		Sodium compounds are found in the tissues of plants and animals.
		Sodium is an essential element in the diet, but some people must limit the amount of sodium in their food for medical reasons.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/sci/A0845787.html (450 words)

	Chem2O06 - 1997/98 - Experiment 7
		Sodium borohydride is a much milder reducing agent, working effectively only with aldehydes and ketones.
		In the present experiment, sodium borohydride is used because it is easily handled and the results of reductions using either of the two reagents are essentially the same.
		Usually, excess borohydride is used because the purity of the material is uncertain.
	www.chemistry.mcmaster.ca /~chem2o6/labmanual/expt7/2o6exp7.html (806 words)

	Sodium borohydride, Sodium tetrahydroborate
		The toxicity of this procedure is greatly reduced due to the catalytic use of nickel(II) chloride in combination with excess sodium borohydride.
		Treatment of γ-hydroxy-α,β-acetylenic esters with sodium borohydride or Red-Al gave γ-hydroxy-α,β-alkenoic esters by means of trans-selective addition of two hydrogen atoms or a hydrogen atom and an iodine atom across the triple bond.
		Sodium borohydride in the presence of iodine in anhydrous THF converts various sulfoxides to their thioethers in excellent yields.
	www.organic-chemistry.org /chemicals/reductions/sodiumborohydride-tetrahydroborate.shtm (623 words)

	Search Results for- Sodium Borohydride: Sodium Borohydride - Cole-Parmer Catalog
		Sodium Borohydride and other Sodium to Sodiumg products are now available to order from the Cole Parmer Instrument Catalog.
		Sodium borohydride, (12-13 mm), pellets 7/16'', 98% (100g)
		Sodium borohydride, (12-13 mm), pellets 7/16'', 98% (500g)
	www.coleparmer.com /catalog/product_index.asp?cls=23456 (107 words)

	Electro-Chem-Technic :: NaBH4 - Sodium tetrahydridoborate
		Sodium tetrahydridoborate is not exactly a well-known chemical, but it is not particularly hazardous or expensive.
		Most of the cost here is the packaging, and if larger quantities are required, they can be obtained at much lower cost (per g) from most of the major chemical suppliers, such as Alfa Aesar.
		The Millennium Cell Corp. in the USA is developing commercial power sources of various types that use sodium tetrahydridoborate.
	www.ectechnic.co.uk /nabh4.html (324 words)

	Reactive Metals Solutions
		Sodium services a variety of industries in a number of different uses.
		The Chemical Industry uses it in sodium methylate, herbicides, dyes, nylons, rubber and fragrances.
		In Metal Manufacture, sodium is used in tantalum, titanium, silicon and refining metallic lead and grain refining.
	www.dupont.com /sodium/applications.html (81 words)

	Technology FAQ - Millennium Cell - The Hydrogen Battery Technology Company
		As for the hydrogen, it is either present in a bound form (sodium borohydride) or in small, transient amounts.
		The discharged form of sodium borohydride (sodium borate) can be reused at the factory used to produce sodium borohydride in the first place.
		DBFCs are not as power dense as PEM fuel cells (the kind we use), and to convert liquid borohydride to electricity, the DBFC has to be several times larger than an equivalent PEM fuel cell (which converts hydrogen to electricity) to generate the same power.
	www.millenniumcell.com /fw/main/Technology_FAQ-33.html (1117 words)

	Electro-Chem-Technic :: HGEN Instructions
		The sodium borohydride may slowly dissolve, but there will be no significant bubbling.
		Here the advantages are not so clear cut, as the cost of the sodium borohydride becomes a factor, as do the problems of disposing of large amounts of sodium borate solution.
		However, in the following years many other uses of sodium borohydride, notably in the paper processing industries, were discovered, and it is produced at the rate of about 5,000 tonnes per year, mostly using Brown’s method, by Morton International (merged with Rohm and Haas in 1999).
	www.ectechnic.co.uk /instructionshgen.html (1455 words)

	Product Range: Sodium Borohydride, Sodium Hydride, Potassium Borohydride, Sodium Hydride, Vitride, Potassium ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The caplets are rugby-ball shaped pellets are about 1 cm long, which allow for a dust-free, straight-forward use and handling.
		Sodium hydride is used as a deprotonating agent in condensation and alkylation reactions, and as a polymerization catalyst.
		Sodium hydride is insoluble in most solvents, including ethers, hydrocarbons, amines and ammonia.
	www.rohmhaas.com /hydride/productrange.html (426 words)

	Fuel Cell Works Supplemental News Page
		The newly allowed patent application describes a method to reduce the cost to produce metallic sodium, a main raw material and cost driver in the production of sodium borohydride.
		Sodium borohydride is the chemical used in Millennium Cell's Hydrogen on Demand(R) system, which safely stores and delivers energy as part of the hydrogen batteries produced by our licensees.
		Approximately 35% of the sodium metal made today is used in the production of sodium borohydride.
	www.fuelcellsworks.com /Supppage5215.html (322 words)

	A protonated base pair participating in rRNA tertiary structural interactions -- Kubarenko et al. 29 (24): 5067 -- ...
		Sodium borohydride was chosen as a reagent to probe for the
		Lanes 3, 3', 4 and 4' are from two independent experiments with 70S ribosomes, lanes 3 and 3' with borohydride treatment, lanes 4 and 4' without.
		Lanes 1 and 2 are from an experiment with deproteinized 23S rRNA, with and without borohydride treatment, respectively, and lanes 3 and 4 from an experiment with 70S ribosomes, again with and without borohydride treatment.
	nar.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/29/24/5067 (2044 words)

	Ultrastructural Staining with Sodium Metaperiodate and Sodium Borohydride -- Lobo et al. 50 (1): 11 -- Journal of ...
		Ultrastructural Staining with Sodium Metaperiodate and Sodium Borohydride -- Lobo et al.
		Ultrastructural Staining with Sodium Metaperiodate and Sodium Borohydride
		Stirling JW, Graff PS (1995) Antigen unmasking for immunoelectron microscopy: labeling is improved by treating with sodium ethoxide or sodium metaperiodate, the heating on retrieval medium.
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/50/1/11 (3366 words)

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