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Topic: Sodium cyanide

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Cyanide

Cyanide process

Potassium cyanide

Hydrogen cyanide

Summitville mine

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Sodium

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Salt

	Eco-USA: Cyanide
		Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide are both colorless solids that have a slight odor of bitter almonds in damp air.
		Cyanides may also be released from public waste incinerators, from waste disposed of in landfills, and during the use of cyanide-containing pesticides.
		Cyanide in the form of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) is needed as part of a healthy diet to prevent iron poor blood, or anemia.
	www.eco-usa.net /toxics/cyanide.shtml (1369 words)

	Sodium cyanide
		Sodium cyanide is also known as cyanide of sodium, cymag, hydrocyanic acid sodium salt.
		Sodium cyanide (NaCN) is a chemical used overseas predominantly in metal plating and chemical applications such as dyes and pharmaceuticals.
		Sodium cyanide extraction has replaced the mercury amalgam process which is environmentally harmful and less than two-thirds as efficient.
	www.chemlink.com.au /cyanide.htm (1199 words)

	Cyanide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide are both white powders with a bitter almond-like odor in damp air, due to the presence of hydrogen cyanide formed by hydrolysis:
		In plants, cyanides are usually bound to sugar molecules in the form of cyanogenic glycosides and serve the plant as defense against herbivores.
		The cyanide compound sodium nitroprusside is occasionally used in emergency medical situations to produce a rapid decrease in blood pressure in humans; it is also used as a vasodilator in vascular research.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cyanide (3265 words)

	how to destroy cyanide
		The cyanide ion concentration of the room temperature solution was found to be 0.103 M. To provide a standard of comparison for the toxic waste solution, 10 ml of the sodium cyanide solution was diluted to 100 ml of solution with aqueous potassium hydroxide so that the final pH was 11.
		The cyanide concentration of a sample of this electrolyzed waste bombing solution was found to be 0.016 M. This suggests the interpretation that electrolysis reduced the initially present cyanide ion concentration by as much as 80%.
		Cyanogen chloride, a poisonous gas, is an intermediate in the oxidation of cyanide ion with hypochlorite ion.
	www.shorinternational.com /cyanodestruct.htm (2154 words)

	RAIS: Cyanide (57-12-5)
		Cyanides are readily absorbed by the inhalation, oral, and dermal routes of exposure.
		The subchronic and chronic oral RfDs are 0.02 mg/kg/day for cyanide; 0.04 mg/kg/day for sodium cyanide, calcium cyanide, and cyanogen; 0.05 mg/kg/day for potassium cyanide, chlorine cyanide, and zinc cyanide; 0.1 mg/kg/day for silver cyanide; and 0.2 mg/kg/day for potassium silver cyanide.
		Cyanides are moderately lipid-soluble and penetrate the epidermis readily.
	rais.ornl.gov /tox/profiles/cyanide_f_V1.shtml (4637 words)

	Wikinfo \| Cyanide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Sodium cyanide (NaCN) and potassium cyanide (KCN) are both white solids with a bitter, almond-like odor in damp air.
		Cyanide occurs naturally in cassava roots, which are potato-like tubers of cassava plants grown in tropical countries; these must be processed prior to consumption.
		One of the therapies for cyanide poisoning is to convert part of the hemoglobin of the blood from ferrous hemoglobin to ferric; this creates a pool of binding potential that can divert cyanide from the cytochromes it poisons.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=cyanide (967 words)

	The Facts About Cyanides
		Low levels of cyanides are found in living organisms and are present in cigarette smoke, vehicle exhaust, and in foods such as spinach, bamboo shoots, almonds, lima beans, fruit pits and tapioca.
		Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide are white powders which may have a bitter almond-like odor.
		Cyanide and cyanide-containing compounds are used in pesticides and fumigants, plastics, electroplating, photographic developing and mining.
	www.health.state.ny.us /nysdoh/bt/chemical_terrorism/cyanide_tech.htm (1382 words)

	ATSDR - ToxFAQs™: Cyanide
		Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide are both white solids with a bitter, almond-like odor in damp air.
		Cyanide and hydrogen cyanide are used in electroplating, metallurgy, organic chemicals production, photographic developing, manufacture of plastics, fumigation of ships, and some mining processes.
		Families can reduce their exposure to cyanide by not breathing in tobacco smoke, which is the most common source of cyanide exposure for the general population.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /tfacts8.html (1291 words)

	The MSDS HyperGlossary: Cyanide
		Cyanide is often used a shorthand term for hydrogen cyanide, HCN, also called hydrocyanic acid, a highly toxic gas and the simplest example of a cyanide compound.
		Solutions of sodium or potassium cyanide are extremely basic; the pH of a 0.1 M solution is approximately 11, meaning that it is quite corrosive.
		Cyanides which exist as simple salts (i.e they dissolve in water to form cyanide ions) usually contain the word "cyanide" as the last word in their name; for example, sodium cyanide (NaCN).
	www.ilpi.com /msds/ref/cyanide.html (1046 words)

	Cyanide definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Cyanide is also known by the military designations AN (for hydrogen cyanide) and CK (for cyanogen chloride).
		Cyanide salts are used in metallurgy for electroplating, metal cleaning, and removing gold from its ore. Cyanide gas is used to exterminate pests and vermin in ships and buildings.
		Cyanide is more harmful to the heart and brain than to other organs because the heart and brain use a great deal of oxygen.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=23451 (748 words)

	Cyanide and Mining - Danger Signs for Wisconsin
		Sodium cyanide is to be used as a chemical reagent or solvent to help release precious metals-gold and silver-from the ore. Sodium cyanide is acutely toxic to any living thing.
		Sodium cyanide is one of at least three chemicals that would present significant risks to the environment from being transported to the site and as well, from being stored on-site.
		Cyanide is a powerful solvent that also further breaks down heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead, and others that end up as waste products needing to be dumped.
	www.nocrandonmine.com /wsn/mining/Cyanidebackground.html (1291 words)

	HHMI Lab Safety: LCSS: SODIUM CYANIDE AND POTASSIUM CYANIDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Effects of chronic exposure to sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide are nonspecific and rare.
		Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide should be handled in the laboratory using the "basic prudent practices" described in Chapter 5.C, supplemented by the additional practices for work with compounds of high toxicity (Chapter 5.D).
		In particular, work with cyanides should be conducted in a fume hood to prevent exposure by inhalation, and splash goggles and impermeable gloves should be worn at all times to prevent eye and skin contact.
	www.hhmi.org /about/labsafe/lcss/lcss79.html (602 words)

	SODIUM CYANIDE
		Reddening of the eyes and pupil dilation are symptoms of cyanide poisoning.
		A cyanide antidote kit (amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate) should be available in any cyanide work area.
		Cyanides must be oxidized to harmless waste before disposal.
	www.jtbaker.com /msds/englishhtml/s3458.htm (1714 words)

	Antidotes for Poisoning by Cyanide
		Sodium nitrite was used as an antidote in experimental cyanide poisoning by Mladoveanu & Gheorghiu (1929).
		Sodium pyruvate acts rapidly and is well distributed to tissues, but clinical trials in human cyanide poisoning have not been undertaken.
		Tremors did not occur when sodium thiosulfate was added to the treatment regimen, and the LD value was increased to 101.3 mg/kg with this combination (very close to the 19.4 mg/kg LD observed with addition of both sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate to alpha-ketoglutaric acid).
	www.inchem.org /documents/antidote/antidote/ant02.htm (13403 words)

	eMedicine - Toxicity, Cyanide : Article by Inna Leybell, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Cyanide ingestion is an uncommon but efficacious means of suicide, often involving cyanide salts found in hospital and research laboratories.
		Cyanide blood concentrations are not generally available in time to aid in the treatment of acute poisoning.
		Blood cyanide concentrations may artificially increase after sodium nitrite administration because of in vitro release of cyanide from cyanomethemoglobin during the analytical procedure by strong acid used in analysis.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic118.htm (4158 words)

	SODIUM CYANIDE
		Cyanide is distributed to all organs and tissues via the blood, where its concn in red cells is greater than that in plasma by a factor of two or three.
		Presumably, the accumulation of cyanide in erythrocytes is a reflection of its binding to methemoglobin.
		Hydrogen cyanide and mercury (II) cyanide: The cyanide, /mercury(II) cyanide/, is a friction-and impact-sensitive explosive and may initiate detonation of liquid hydrogen cyanide.
	www.frankmckinnon.com /sodium_cyanide.htm (12292 words)

	M-44 Sodium Cyanide Ejector Mechanism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The sodium cyanide powder reacts with the moisture in the animal's mouth, releasing hydrogen cyanide gas.
		The amount of sodium cyanide mixture in each capsule is approximately 0.03 ounce (0.97 gram).
		If there is no moisture, the sodium cyanide filters through the soil, where it is readily degraded by micro-organisms or other mechanisms.
	permanent.access.gpo.gov /lps3025/fsm44.html (923 words)

	CDC \| Sodium Cyanide Emergency Response Card (NIOSH) - ERC143-33-9
		Sodium cyanide irritates and severely damages the tissues of the eyes, the skin, the respiratory tract, and the oral and gastrointestinal tract.
		Cyanides poison the vital organs of the body (for example, heart and lungs) including areas of the brain that regulate the proper functioning of those organs.
		SODIUM CYANIDE (ERC143-33-9) The user should verify compliance of the cards with the relevant STATE or TERRITORY legislation before use.
	www.bt.cdc.gov /agent/cyanide/erc143-33-9.asp (642 words)

	Sodium cyanide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		It is also known under the Hydrocyanic acid sodium salt and Cyanogran.
		Sodium cyanide is used to extract gold and other precious metals from ore and so metal mining operations consume most of the sodium production; see cyanide process for the use in gold mining.
		with cyanide solutions are a severe danger aquatic ecosystems ; e.g.
	www.freeglossary.com /Sodium_cyanide (465 words)

	Sodium cyanide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Like the similar potassium cyanide, NaCN has a smell like bitter almonds, but not everyone can smell it due to a genetic trait.
		This results in decreased oxidative metabolism and oxygen utilization.
		This page was last modified 09:47, 10 December 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sodium_cyanide (374 words)

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