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Topic: Sodium thiosulfate

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	Sodium Thiosulfate Drug Information, Professional
		Toxicity, cyanide (treatment adjunct)—Sodium thiosulfate, in conjunction with sodium nitrite, is indicated for use as an antidote in the treatment of cyanide poisoning.
		Toxicity, cyanide, sodium nitroprusside–induced (prophylaxis)—Sodium thiosulfate may be used to prevent cyanide toxicity caused by rapid infusion of sodium nitroprusside.
		It is also believed that sodium thiosulfate protects against nephrotoxicity by reducing delivery of cisplatin to the kidneys and by neutralizing cisplatin in the kidneys where sodium thiosulfate is highly concentrated.
	www.drugs.com /MMX/Sodium_Thiosulfate.html (1493 words)

	Sodium thiosulfate - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The thiosulfate anion is tetrahedral in shape, and is notionally derived by replacing one of the oxygen atoms by a sulfur atom.
		Because sodium thiosulfate dissolves silver salts, its major use is in photography for developing film.
		Sodium thiosulfate is produced chiefly from liquid waste products of sodium sulfide or sulfur dye manufacture.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Sodium_thiosulfate (147 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Sodium thiosulfate; Notice of Filing a Pesticide Petition to Amend a Tolerance for a Certain ...
		Sodium thiosulfate is not genotoxic and is regularly used in cell culture mediums as a source of sulfur.
		Sodium thiosulfate is not considered to be a reproductive or developmental toxicant due to its rapid breakdown in the body to normal constituents, (i.e.
		When sodium thiosulfate is coadministered with cisplatin (a chemotherapeutic agent that often causes nephrotoxicity), inactive mobile metabolites of cisplatin are formed by a direct reaction between cisplatin and sodium thiosulfate in the systemic circulation, which results in a reduction in the amount of cisplatin in the kidney.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2003/November/Day-26/p29320.htm (5471 words)

	General Chemistry Online: Companion Notes: Compounds: Polyatomic ions: Thiosulfate
		Thiosulfate occurs naturally in hot springs and geysers, and is produced by certain biochemical processes.
		Thiosulfate is also useful in the extraction of silver from silver ore, in leather manufacture, and as a mordant in the textile industry.
		Thiosulfate is manufactured by some cells by oxidation of elemental sulfur and by degradation of L-cysteine.
	antoine.frostburg.edu /chem/senese/101/compounds/thiosulfate.shtml (684 words)

	sodium thiosulfate Exemption from the Requirement of a Tolerance 12/01
		The sodium thiosulfate will be used as a pretreatment for the water in tank mixes to remove chlorine or other reactant species, thus functioning as a dechlorinator or reducing agent.
		Orally administered thiosulfate that is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract is excreted in the urine unchanged or after oxidation to sulfate.
		Sodium thiosulfate is produced in the human body during the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids.
	pmep.cce.cornell.edu /profiles/inert/sodium_thiosulfate/sodium_thio_tol_1201.html (4760 words)

	Molecular Expressions: Featured Microscopist - Loes Modderman - Sodium Thiosulfate
		Sodium thiosulfate is also heavily employed in the tanning industry and as a chemical intermediate or reagent for the synthesis of other, more complex, chemicals.
		As a pharmaceutical agent, sodium thiosulfate is useful in the treatment of early stages of active rheumatoid arthritis and is also utilized to treat lupus erythmatosus.
		Sodium thiosulfate has a formula weight of 248.17 and is very soluble in water, but insoluble in ethanol.
	www.molecularexpressions.com /featuredmicroscopist/modderman/nathiosulfatesmall.html (219 words)

	salicylic acid and sodium thiosulfate topical medical facts from Drugs.com
		Salicylic acid is used with sodium thiosulfate to increase the absorption of sodium thiosulfate into the skin.
		Sodium thiosulfate and salicylic acid topical is used in the treatment of tinea versicolor, a fungal infection of the skin that usually appears as white patches on the skin.
		You may not be able to use salicylic acid and sodium thiosulfate topical, or you may require special monitoring during treatment.
	www.drugs.com /mtm/salicylic_acid_and_sodium_thiosulfate_topical.html (1406 words)

	Sodium Thiosulfate (Systemic)
		Sodium thiosulfate (SOE-dee-um thye-oh-SUL-fate) may be used to lessen some of the side effects of cisplatin (a cancer medicine).
		Although there is no specific information comparing use of sodium thiosulfate in children with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults.
		Although there is no specific information comparing the use of sodium thiosulfate in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults.
	allnutritionals.com /drugs/s/sodiumthiosulfate-systemic.shtml (714 words)

	Sodium thiosulfate (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sodium thioslfate is a colorless, crystalline compound that is tetrahedral when it is an anion.
		Sodium thiosulfate dissolves in silver salts and is used in photography for dissolving silver halides from photographic emulsions.
		It is also produced from the action of sodium sulfite in sulfur in aqueous solution.
	www.umich.edu /~chemh215/W06HTML/SSG2/ssg1/exp/sodiumthio.htm (84 words)

	Carilion - Sodium Thiosulfate(Systemic) - [Medication]
		Sodium thiosulfate SOE-dee-um thye-oh-SUL-fate may be used to lessen some of the side effects of cisplatin (a cancer medicine).
		Sodium thiosulfate is to be administered only by or under the immediate supervision of your doctor.
		Although there is no specific information comparing the use of sodium thiosulfate in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults.
	www.carilion.com /kbase/htm/mdx-/drde/2026/90/mdx-drde202690.htm (732 words)

	Photographic Chemical Descriptions
		One gram of this crystalline compound is equivalent to 0.8890 gram ascorbic acid, or 1 gram of the acid is equivalent to 1.1248 grams of sodium ascorbate.
		Sodium borate decahydrate (borax) is available as colorless, odorless, hard crystals or fine white granules or powder that slowly lose some of their water of crystallization in air.
		Table salt is sodium chloride to which has been added a free-flowing agent (about 1% calcium silicate or magnesium carbonate), an anti-caking agent (sodium ferrocyanide), an iodizing salt (about 0.01% potassium iodide or sodium iodide), and a stabilizer for the iodine (often 0.1% sodium carbonate and 0.1% sodium thiosulfate).
	www.jackspcs.com /chemdesc.htm (9672 words)

	Sodium Thiosulfate, 4-lb Jar
		Sodium thiosulfate is the main compound in most chlorine neutralizers.
		Any time municipal water must be used for aquaculture, use sodium thiosulfate (or our other dechlorinating formula) for instant neutralization of chlorine.
		Dosage rates vary with the pH of the water, but rates between 1.6 to 2.6 parts sodium thiosulfate per one part chlorine should be adequate (excess levels of sodium thiosulfate up to 100 ppm will not harm fish).
	www.aquaticeco.com /index.cfm/fuseaction/product.detail/iid/5688/cid/1598 (99 words)

	Chemical process engineering - Sodium thiosulfate
		Thiosulfate is a reducing agent and will react with your oxidizing agent to form sodium sulfate Na2SO4, which has a lower solubility than thiosulfate.
		Some tricky methods are used to remove/reduce the co-produced sodium chloride, but this is unusual.
		There are electrochemical methods for recovering sodium hydroxide from sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate solutions but these are somewhat expensive to install and operate plus the solution of recovered caustic may have to be concentrated by evaporation.
	www.eng-tips.com /viewthread.cfm?qid=44565 (1716 words)

	Water Changes - Page 3 - Koi-Bito Magazine Koi Forum
		Henry, the molecular weight of sodium thiosulfate pentahyrate is 248 while the atomic weight of chlorine is 35.5, the molecular weight of Cl2 is 71.
		If we assume one molecule of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate neutralizes one molecule of chlorine (Cl2), then the ratio of solid sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate to chlorine would need to be 248/71 or 3.5, not the value given by AES.
		I was lots more conservative in both my sodium thiosulfate calculations and doses before I realized that a large sodium thiosulfate overdose can decompose to generate enough hydrogen sulfide to hurt the fish.
	www.koi-bito.com /forums/showthread.php?t=1408&page=3&pp=10 (1618 words)

	AllRefer.com - sodium thiosulfate, Compound & Element (Compounds And Elements) - Encyclopedia
		sodium thiosulfate, Na, colorless crystalline compound that is more familiar as the pentahydrate, Na O, an efflorescent, monoclinic crystalline substance also called sodium hyposulfite or "hypo." Sodium thiosulfate is readily soluble in water and is a mild reducing agent.
		Because it dissolves silver salts, its major use is in photography for developing film.
		It is also produced from sodium carbonate, sulfur dioxide, and sulfur by a process that involves several steps.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/sodiumth.html (205 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Sodium thiosulfate; Exemption from the Requirement of a Tolerance
		Sodium thiosulfate; Exemption from the Requirement of a Tolerance
		Variations in excretion of thiosulfate are related to the extent of protein metabolism, activity of the intestinal flora, and the sulfur-amino [[Page 65852]] acid content of the diet.
		From 5 to 70% of an oral dose of sodium thiosulfate is considered to be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract of man and the remainder to be excreted in the feces.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2001/December/Day-21/p31496.htm (4724 words)

	Sodium Thiosulfate and Dioxin (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Or applying sodium thiosulfate to areas in the environment, which are toxicified with PCB's, polychlorophenols, herbicides, etc.., to neutralize the chlorine derivatives.
		Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) is a reducing agent that reacts with oxidizing agents, specifically, hypochlorous acid (HOCl) which is the active ingredient in household bleach, according the reaction: HOCl + 2(S2O3)^-2 -----------> Cl^-1 + (S4O6)^-2 + OH^-1 Unfortunately, it does not react with organic chlorine compounds such as PCB's, etc. to neutralize them.
		Vince Calder ========================================================= Labertta, Sodium thiosulfate will not detoxify dioxin nor will it detoxify or render harmless PCB's, polychlorophenols, herbicides, etc. Sodium thiosulfate is a substance that itself is rather easily oxidized.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/chem00/chem00387.htm (216 words)

	Sodium benzoate USP Trimetaphosphate FCC Urea USP Sodium Chloride USP Sodium Fluoride USP Sodium Thiosulfate USP FCC NF
		Sodium Alginate, NF 2.5 Kg Sodium Alginate, NF 12 Kg Sodium Alginate, NF 50 Kg Sodium Aluminosilicate, FCC
		Sodium Metabisulfite, Granular, NF, EP, BP, JP 12 kg
		Sodium Metabisulfite, Granular, NF, EP, BP, JP 45 kg
	www.vgdusa.com /SOD-TRIP.htm (396 words)

	Definition of sodium thiosulfate - National Cancer Institute Drug Dictionary
		Although its exact mechanism of action is unknown, thiosulfate likely provides an exogenous source of sulfur, thereby hastening the detoxification of cyanide through the enzyme rhodanese (thiosulfate cyanide sulfurtransferase) which converts cyanide to the relatively nontoxic, excretable thiocyanate ion.
		In addition, this agent neutralizes the reactive alkylating species of nitrogen mustard, thereby decreasing skin toxicity related to nitrogen mustard extravasation.
		sodium citrate, sodium fluoride, sodium hyaluronate topical hydrogel, sodium salicylate, sodium stibogluconate
	www.cancer.gov /Templates/drugdictionary.aspx?CdrID=39602 (114 words)

	SODIUM THIOSULFATE - INJECTION side effects, medical uses, and drug interactions.
		SODIUM THIOSULFATE - INJECTION side effects, medical uses, and drug interactions.
		GENERIC NAME: SODIUM THIOSULFATE - INJECTION (SO-dee-um thigh-oh-SULL-fate)
		MedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
	www.medicinenet.com /sodium_thiosulfate-injection/article.htm (326 words)

	B&W Photo - Film & Processing Forum: Ammonium chloride + Sodium Thiosulfate = Ammonium thiosulfate - photo.net
		This isn't difficult because sodium chloride is not as soluble as ammonium thiosulphate and its solubility is fairly constant with temperature.
		For the trouble to mix and use your own Amonium thiosulfate fixer you could just treat your Hypham-fixed prints in Kodalk as a pre-treatment for toning for five minutes --that is, if this is the goal.
		An important note is that Amonium Thiosulfate fixers used with extended fixing times will produce argentothiosulfates which are difficult to wash out of a print (see The Photographer's Cookbook).
	www.photo.net /bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=003Zsp&tag= (779 words)

	Beginner FAQ: Water Treatment
		Inevitably, the ones that neutralize chlorine all contain sodium thiosulfate, plus other substances that may or may not be useful.
		First, chlorine-neutralizing chemicals such as sodium thiosulfate only neutralize the chlorine portion of the chloramine, neglecting an even bigger problem: deadly ammonia.
		Note: you must add sodium thiosulfate to neutralize the chlorine; otherwise, the chloramine will kill the bacteria in your biological filter.
	faq.thekrib.com /begin-tapwater.html (1352 words)

	SODIUM THIOSULFATE
		Synonyms: Sodium thiosulfate, pentahydrate; thiosulfuric acid, disodium salt, pentahydrate
		Ingredient CAS No Percent Hazardous --------------------------------------- ------------ ------------ --------- Sodium Thiosulfate 7772-98-7 100% Yes
		Whatever cannot be saved for recovery or recycling should be managed in an appropriate and approved waste disposal facility.
	www.jtbaker.com /msds/englishhtml/s5230.htm (643 words)

	Products2
		Southern Ionics is the South's largest producer of sulfur solution products, including sodium bisulfite, sodium sulfite, and sodium thiosulfate.
		SII also manufactures a variety of products including sodium carbonate solutions, inhibited sulfuric acid, various concentrations of sulfuric acid and caustic soda, ammonia hydroxide solutions and provides custom blending services.
		The information on this website is believed to be accurate but is not warranted to be so.
	www.southernionics.com /products.htm (200 words)

	CR Scientific: Experiments: Cupric Sulfate and Sodium Thiosulfate
		Here we do two experiments with copper (II) sulfate and sodium thiosulfate to see if the results are what we expect.
		The first one involves an equimolar ratio of copper sulfate to sodium thiosulfate; the second uses an excess of sodium thiosulfate.
		The reaction of copper (II) with excess thiosulfate, as in Experiment 2, shows almost complete loss of color (with perhaps a pale yellowish tinge remaining) for the first several hours.
	www.crscientific.com /article-redox3.html (1374 words)

	Definition of sodium thiosulfate - NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms
		Definition of sodium thiosulfate - NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms
		A substance that is used in medicine as an antidote to cyanide poisoning and to decrease side effects of the anticancer drug cisplatin.
		sodium, sodium borocaptate, sodium salicylate, sodium stibogluconate, sodium sulfite
	www.nci.nih.gov /Templates/db_alpha.aspx?CdrID=350247 (61 words)

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