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Topic: Soil conservation

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Erosion

Biodiversity

Deforestation

Nature

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	Wisconsin State Soil: Antigo Silt Loam
		People argued that soil, a natural resource that took 10,000 years to produce, not only is essential to Wisconsin's economy, but also is the foundation of life itself.
		The soils formed mostly in 20 to 40 inches of loess or water laid silty deposits and in loamy alluvium or sandy outwash or both, underlain by stratified sandy outwash.
		Billyboy(T) and Ossmer soils are on lower landscape positions associated with apparent water tables, or are adjacent to moraines.
	www.e-referencedesk.com /resources/state-symbols/wisconsin/soil.html (2002 words)

	Soil conservation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Soil conservation is a set of management strategies for prevention of soil being eroded from the earth’s mantle or becoming chemically altered by overuse, salinization, acidification, or other chemical soil contamination.
		Soil pH can be raised by amendment by agricultural lime; The pH of an alkaline soil is lowered by adding sulfur, iron sulfate or aluminum sulfate, although these tend to provide costly short term benefits.
		Typically the expense of soil contamination remediation cannot be justified in an agricultural economic analysis, since cleanup costs are generally quite high; oftentimes remediation is mandated by state and county environmental health agencies based upon human health risk issues.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soil_conservation (1883 words)

	SOIL
		Soils vary with topography primarily because of the influence of moisture and erosion.
		Contact our office for a copy of a soil survey that has maps and descriptions of all of the soils in Shawnee county or how to obtain one for soils in your area.
		This is the layer that soil conservation efforts are focused.
	www.cjnetworks.com /~sccdistrict/soilpro.htm (612 words)

	Soil Conservation in the U.S. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This tradition of soil conservation has continued yet is outdated due to the emergence of industrial agriculture, where the maintenance of soil quality is minimal relative to the higher yields resulting from intensive chemical inputs.
		In real terms, considerably more was spent on soil conservation in the…late 1940's than is spent now." 3 This decrease in financial support of conservation efforts could be seen as an indication that the urgency of the soil erosion issue has diminished since the 40's, yet this is unlikely.
		Soil conservation measures are voluntary and often subsidized by the government.
	inside.bard.edu /politicalstudies/student/PS260Spring03/soil.htm (1362 words)

	Indigenous soil conservation tillage systems and risks of animal traction on land degradation in Eastern and Southern ...
		Conservation tillage can be defined as a crop planting system that allows minimum disturbance of the soil to allow seeds to be sown while ensuring maintenance of crop residues on the surface (FAO, 1995).
		They may conserve soil in situ such as stone and earth bunds; conserve soil while simultaneously improving soil fertility such as mixed cropping, ridging or pitting; harvest water such as tied ridges; and dispose off excess water from crop lands such as traditional ditches or cut off drains.
		Soil is then dug from the centre of the grid, covering the grass and leaving 30-60 cm deep and 100 cm in diameter pits.
	www.fao.org /ag/ags/agse/3ero/namibia1/c8.htm (3930 words)

	NJDA Natural Resource Conservation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		County-based soil surveys are prepared for virtually all open lands in the state to identify soil characteristics, capabilities and limitations for planning and managing farms and woodlands, selecting sites for roads, ponds, buildings, industry, wildlife habitat, recreational activity and most other land uses.
		The Conservation Essay and Poster contest is sponsored annually by the Conservation Partnership for elementary and high school students throughout the state.
		Hosted by a local conservation district at the end of each school year, schools participate by district invitation and winners are recognized at the state level and enter national competition.
	www.state.nj.us /agriculture/rural/natrsrc.htm (1378 words)

	Hugh Hammond Bennett: the Father of Soil Conservation
		By virtue of participating in a soil survey that required them to report on the soils of Louisa County, Bennett and McClendon were required to find the means to express what they saw, and their jobs and scientific reputations depended on it.
		The Bureau of Soils and the soil science community were also not ready to adopt Bennetts view that soil erosion was a serious problem and that it should be dealt with actively.
		In this Bulletin, Professor Milton Whitney, Chief of the Bureau of Soils, argued that the soil was of inexhaustible and permanent fertility: "The soil is the one indestructible, immutable asset that the Nation possesses.
	www.soil.ncsu.edu /about/century/hugh.html (5335 words)

	Soil Conservation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Incorporated in the mid-1940's as a non-profit special district of State government, the Teller-Park Soil Conservation District (T-PSCD) is tasked with helping to protect the natural resources of both Teller and Park Counties.
		The SCD was set up as part of the State Soil Conservation Act which resulted from the environmental problems of the Dust Bowl days of the 1930's.
		Educational activities sponsored by the District include an annual Conservation Poster Contest for 6th graders, scholarships to a teachers' conservation workshop and scholarships to both the Junior and Senior Conservation Workshops at the Rocky Mountain Camp in Divide.
	www.co.teller.co.us /CSUextension/soil.htm (389 words)

	Conservation scientists and foresters
		Conservation scientists and foresters manage their use and development and help to protect these and other natural resources, and for this reason are becoming known as natural resource managers.
		Although conservation scientists mainly advise farmers, farm managers, and ranchers on ways they can improve their land for agricultural purposes and to control erosion, a growing number are advising landowners and governments on recreational uses for the land.
		In addition to meeting the demands of forestry and conservation research and analysis, foresters and conservation scientists generally must enjoy working outdoors, be able to tolerate extensive walking and other types of physical exertion, and be willing to move to where the jobs are.
	www.bls.gov /oco/ocos048.htm (3223 words)

	Soil Conservation
		By the 1930s, the prairie soil, devastated by rudimentary farming practices and unyielding drought, was easily whipped up into great dust clouds prompting the beginning of an era known as the Dirty Thirties.
		Sod-forming roots physically anchor fragile soil during the heavy rains and high winds that are common on the prairie.
		Agricultural crops which are harvested and then tilled expose the soil to erosive forces leading to a loss of carbon and precious nutrients.
	www.ducks.org /Conservation/Habitat/1564/SoilConservation.html (351 words)

	Soil Conservation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Soil rehabilitation aims to restore productivity to degraded soils, and occurs either as part of ongoing field operations, or after identifying high-priority sites that were degraded in the past.
		Soil conservation research is being carried out by soil scientists working for the Ministry's Forest Science Program at a number of locations in British Columbia.
		Morphology, chemistry and mineralogy of soils derived from serpentinite and tephra in southwestern British Columbia.
	www.for.gov.bc.ca /hre/topics/soil.htm (692 words)

	Soil Conservation Home
		In 1938, the Mississippi Legislature officially recognized that our soil resources were deteriorating at an enormous rate and that this was being caused by misuse or improper use of the land and the lack of applied conservation treatments or measures.
		The mission of the Mississippi Soil and Water Conservation Commission is to effectively guide and promote the conservation and promote the conservation, development, protection and proper utilization of the soil water and related resources of the state.
		The primary purpose of MACD is to promote soil and water conservation by educating the public as to the wise use and efficient management of land and water resources.
	www.co.jackson.ms.us /DS/SoilConservation.html (566 words)

	University of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension Publications
		Soil testing and fertilization of proso millet with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients is discussed.
		Soil testing and calculating recommended rates for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micronutrient fertilizers for sugarbeet.
		Soil testing and residual phosphorus application in wheat are discussed.
	ianrpubs.unl.edu /soil (855 words)

	MoDNR Soil & Water Conservation Special Area Land Treatment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The local soil and water conservation districts use the SALT program to work with landowners to reduce soil erosion on crop, pasture and woodland and to target special assistance in a priority watershed.
		Land was treated with a variety of conservation practices, depending on what would work best to solve the specific problems in the watershed.
		The program allows county soil and water conservation districts (SWCD) to direct technical and financial assistance to landowners with land identified and prioritized as having water quality impairments that address agricultural nonpoint source pollution problems.
	www.dnr.mo.gov /wpscd/swcp/Service/swcpsalt.htm (1143 words)

	About Conservation Districts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Across the United States, nearly 3000 conservation districts -- almost one in every county -- are helping local people to conserve land, water, forests, wildlife and related natural resources.
		Congress unanimously passed legislation declaring soil and water conservation a national policy and priority.
		Different states have slightly different names for districts: soil and water conservation district, soil conservation district, conservation district, natural resource conservation district, etc. Many districts also share the name of your local county.
	www.nacdnet.org /about/aboutcds.htm (1028 words)

	Clay Soil & Water Conservation District
		Soil and Water Conservation Districts (SWCDs) are political subdivisions of the State established under Minnesota Statute 103C.
		The first SWCD in Minnesota was created in 1938 (the Clay SWCD originated in 1945) to encourage landowners to conserve soil and water resources.
		The Clay Soil and Water Conservation District (SWCD) was organized June 21, 1945.
	www.co.clay.mn.us /Depts/SoilWatr/SoilWatr.htm (413 words)

	Soil Conservation Service
		The Soil Conservation Service was set up by the Soil Conservation Act (No.10, 1938) to provide for the conservation of soil resources for the mitigation of erosion.
		On 1 June 1949, consequent on the amendment of the Soil Conservation Act by the Conservation Authority of New South Wales Act (No.8, 1949), the Director was replaced by a Commissioner.
		Also included is correspondence between the Soil Conservation Service and the Water Resources Conference regarding the nomination of the Service to membership of the Conference.
	www.records.nsw.gov.au /cguide/sy/soilcon.htm (1057 words)

	The Mississippi Soil & Water Conservation Commission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Applications are available in all Soil and Water Conservation District offices and must be submitted to MACD by November 1st of each year.
		The Conservation Education Program District award is presented to the Soil and Water Conservation District that has shown innovative methods of delivering the conservation message to students as well as adults through a comprehensive education program.
		The rules and topic (which is usually the Soil Stewardship topic from NACD) are sent to local districts in the fall with the entries (posters or essays) due in the local SWCD office in the spring.
	www.mswcc.state.ms.us /infed.html (1061 words)

	Soil, Erosion, Soil Loss, Soil Conservation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		According to soil conservation specialists in Iowa, approximately 16,000 pounds of soil per acre per year were being lost earlier due to wind and water erosion at the time when soil conservation practices were instituted in the 1970's.
		In contrast, the 12,000 pounds per acre of soil being lost in the U.S. on the average annually is 0.0356 inch (approximately 1/28th of an inch) of soil over 1 acre.
		Worldwide soil erosion rates are highest in Asia, Africa, and South America, averaging approximately 13 metric tons (exact figure: 26,768 pounds) to 17.5 metric tons (exact figure: 35,637 pounds) per acre per year.
	www.growbiointensive.org /biointensive/soil.html (603 words)

	Soil & Water Conservation - Louisiana Dept. of Agriculture and Forestry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Louisiana’s Soil and Water Conservation program was established by the state legislature in 1938.
		The Office is authorized to establish soil and water conservation programs for the purpose of working with landowners and other governmental entities in planning and implementing soil and water conservation measures on the land.
		The local soil and water conservation district program is the only program, state or federal, that provides technical assistance to landowners for the purpose of protecting our soil and water resources.
	www.ldaf.state.la.us /divisions/swc (210 words)

	Wayne County Soil & Water Conservation District (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In 1944, Wayne County was declared a soil & water conservation district.
		The mission of this district was to serve as a local agency to manage, protect and conserve the county's soil, water and natural resources.
		Today the Wayne County Soil & Water Conservation District, SWCD, continues to serve the public with the highest level of quality and professionalism by delivering thirteen programs and services vital to our natural resources.
	www.lakeontario.net /swcd (119 words)

	Soil Survey Contents \| NRCS Soils
		Listing of Soil Surveys by State - current and out of print soil surveys and contact information for requesting a paper or CD copy.
		Soil Research Results - list of soil research and investigation reprints and reports.
		Soil Geography small scale digital soil databases for general soil maps (STATSGO), major land resource areas (MLRA), common resource areas (CRA), and other geospatial data layers (gateway).
	soils.usda.gov /survey (174 words)

	Soil and Water Conservation BMPs for Groundwater Protection from Pesticides
		Soil organic matter influences soil nutrient levels and physical conditions that control the exchange of water and gasses between plant and soil.
		Soil organic matter also is the primary substance that adsorbs or attenuates the movement of pesticides through the soil profile.
		Water erosion is not likely to be a critical problem on the soils included in the high sensitivity groundwater category due to their coarse texture and relatively low relief.
	www.ext.nodak.edu /extpubs/h2oqual/watgrnd/ae1115w.htm (933 words)

	Maryland Soil Conservation Districts-Info. and Links Goals
		The Cecil Soil Conservation District is located in the northeast corner of the state and is bounded on the west by the Susquehanna River and the Chesapeake Bay.
		The Charles Soil Conservation District serves an area that is changing rapidly from rural gricultural to suburban residential, commercial and industrial land uses.
		The Frederick Soil Conservation District serves all of Frederick County, except the area west of the Catoctin Mountains.
	www.mascd.net /scds/MDSCD05.htm (4439 words)

	Soil Conservation - Mat, Inc. - Prevention Of Soil Erosion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Soil Guard is a one-step erosion control system that revolutionized the practice of soil conservation.
		Hydraulically applied, Soil Guard conforms to the ground and dries to form a bonded fiber matrix.
		Once dry, the matrix can be rewet repeatedly and will hold soil and seed without washing away.
	www.soilguard.com /soilguard.htm (140 words)

	Soil and Water Conservation Merit Badge
		Write a report of more than 500 words about the soil and water and energy conservation practices you saw.
		Seed an area of at least one-fifth acre for some worthwhile conservation purpose, using suitable grasses or legumes alone or in a mixture.
		Using tracing paper and pen, trace over any of the soil maps, and outline an area with three or more different kinds of soil.
	www.meritbadge.com /mb/106.htm (365 words)

	NRCS Soils
		Soils is part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, an effort of Federal and State agencies, universities, and professional societies to deliver scientifically-based soil information.
		Ground-Penetrating Radar Soil Suitability Maps have been prepared for the conterminous United States, most states, and territories.
		The Natural Resources Conservation Service provides leadership in a partnership effort to help people conserve, maintain, and improve our natural resources and environment.
	soils.usda.gov (210 words)

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