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Topic: Soil Survey

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	Soil survey - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Soil survey, or soil mapping, is the process of determining the soil types or other properties of the soil cover over a landscape, and mapping them for others to understand and use.
		It is a branch of soil science, and draws heavily from geomorphology, theories of soil formation (pedology), physical geography, and analysis of vegetation and land-use patterns.
		Soil Survey of Lubbock County, Texas published by the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service in cooperation with the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, 1979.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soil_survey (433 words)

	Soil Survey Reference (FIFE)
		Soil samples from the surface down to bedrock were collected from the horizons and analyzed for bulk density, particle size distribution, moisture retention at 1/3 and 15 bar suctions, cation exchange capacity, and other chemical and physical properties, using standard procedures (Soil Survey Staff 1984).
		Reasonable objectives in soil surveys are to: (i) minimize the variation in terms of significant soil properties within mapping units while maximizing the variation among mapping units, and (ii) effectively characterize the mapping units in terms of significant soil properties.
		The soil auger cores a cylindrical section of the soil for soil identification, and a soil profile pit (approximately 1 cubic meter in volume) is dug for a detailed description.
	www-eosdis.ornl.gov /FIFE/Datasets/Soil_Properties/Soil_Survey_Ref.html (5636 words)

	NYCSWCD: New York City Soil Survey
		The NYC Soil Survey is a pioneering study of urban soils, spanning a citywide reconnaissance soil map, a series of intensive soil surveys and special research projects.
		The next intensive survey in the Bronx river watershed in the Bronx and Westchester is a collaborative effort among the District, the Westchester Soil and Water Conservation District, the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the US Army Corps of Engineers, which has completed a feasibility study, and its co-sponsors, and the Bronx River Alliance.
		NYC Recon Soil Survey Map The scale of this map is 1:62,500, and the minimum size delineation is 40 acres.
	www.nycswcd.net /soil_survey.cfm (512 words)

	MLRA Region 11 \| Indiana NRCS
		Most soil surveys were large scale and general in nature or were single purpose surveys such as those made for conservation planning.
		Modern soil surveys were designed for multiple purposes and were prepared on a photographic base under the auspices of Soil Taxonomy.
		The older survey reports remain an excellent source of information, but many have become outdated to varying degrees as new information is gained and as demographics, technologies, environmental questions, and intensities of land use change.
	www.in.nrcs.usda.gov /mlra11/index.html (298 words)

	Soil survey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Soil, or the first five feet of the earth upon which we walk, is an important resource.
		The BLM has been a cooperator in the soil survey project since 1978 and is the biggest land operator in the county.
		The Uintah Soil Conservation District is the main sponsor of the soil survey.
	www.vernal.com /jan16/fr.soil.p1.html (485 words)

	Soil Survey in NSW (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Called the soil landscape mapping program, the collection and interpretation of specific site data and information generated (reports and maps) is ultimately used as a fundamental tool for land use decisions, land management and the prevention and remediation of land degradation.
		This involves the use of satellite imagery and air photo interpretation; thousands of soil and landscape observations; hundreds of detailed soil descriptions; laboratory analysis for selected profiles; a range of interpretations and classification of data; and the production of a comprehensive report, an accompanying map and a series of derivative maps.
		Soil landscapes are also the key to understanding catchment processes and can help predict how ecosystem components will react if an aspect of the catchment is altered.
	www.dlwc.nsw.gov.au /care/soil/ssu/nswssu.htm (369 words)

	Web Soil Survey Links
		“Soil surveys are the foundation for land conservation activities as well as private and commercial land development,” said Johanns.
		Soil surveys began in 1899 as part of the nation’s earliest efforts on behalf of cooperative conservation.
		When viewers visit the web soil survey, they are asked to “Define” a geographic area of interest by selecting a state and county or just by highlighting an area or areas.
	www.bae.uky.edu /~precag/websoil.htm (690 words)

	UC Davis Soil Resource Laboratory \| California Soil Resource Lab
		Soil polygons become visible near a scale of 1:30,000.
		Soil polygons of interest can be queried with the "info" tool on the mapping interface.
		An example soil profile along with graphs of soil properties are presented in order to illustrate trends in the data.
	casoilresource.lawr.ucdavis.edu /drupal (327 words)

	Soil Survey Programs \| NRCS
		The National Cooperative Soil Survey Program (NCSS) is a partnership led by NRCS of Federal land management agencies, state agricultural experiment stations and state and local units of government that provide soil survey information necessary for understanding, managing, conserving and sustaining the nation's limited soil resources.
		Soil surveys are the basis for predicting the behavior of a soil under alternative uses, its potential erosion hazard, potential for ground water contamination, suitability and productivity for cultivated crops, trees, and grasses.
		Soil surveys also provide a basis to help predict the effect of global climate change on worldwide agricultural production and other land-dependent processes.
	www.nrcs.usda.gov /programs/soilsurvey (215 words)

	Soil Survey Horizons (SSSA) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Soil Survey Horizons is your communication network with fellow soil scientists.
		Contributors and readers include soil survey personnel, private consultants, soils educators and researchers, and students.
		Soil Survey Horizons does not have strict style requirements, and there are no publishing charges.
	www.soils.org /soil_survey_horizons (92 words)

	A Compendium of On-Line Soil Survey Information
		Soil is the thin skin of the Earth's surface where the atmosphere meets the lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and of course the anthrosphere.
		The job of soil survey is to map the distribution of the different soil types, describe these types, and interpret the maps in a form that is useful for land management and ecosystem studies.
		The internet revolution has also affected soil survey: information on the institutes that carry out soil surveys, their methods and techniques, soil classification systems, models, and interpretations from all over the World are at your disposal....
	www.itc.nl /~rossiter/research/rsrch_ss.html (705 words)

	A Compendium of On-Line Soil Survey Information : Classification
		Soil Taxonomy was designed to group soil series in the USA in increasingly-general interpretive groups, whereas World Reference Base and its predecessor FAO Legend were designed to understand and organize world soil geography.
		Soil classification was once closely tied to the presumed genesis of the soil, but this has been replaced with observable properties; however these often have a strong genetic link.
		Soils are classified directly by a chosen set of characteristics that are thought to relate directly to a certain use or group of uses.
	www.itc.nl /~rossiter/research/rsrch_ss_class.html (3609 words)

	Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) Database \| NRCS NCGC
		The NRCS Soil Survey Division recognized that increased functionality for access of soil survey information was needed.
		The SSURGO data were migrated to the Soil Data Mart during 2004.
		If the survey area is not listed, please check the status map for your area or contact your State Soil Scientist for additional information.
	www.ncgc.nrcs.usda.gov /products/datasets/ssurgo (337 words)

	The Cooperative Soil Survey
		The Cooperative Soil Survey is a nationwide partnership of federal, regional, state, and local agencies, and institutions.
		The value of soil survey information is especially important as we deal with issues such as surface and groundwater quality, crop production efficiency and farm profitability, soil and water conservation, and urban and suburban development.
		Soils information is the cornerstone element with which to address the resource utilization issues of today and tomorrow.
	www.agriculture.state.ia.us /soilsurvey.htm (344 words)

	Soil Survey & Digital Soil Maps
		The Soil Survey includes soil maps and descriptions of each type of soil in each county including interpretations of a soil's potential for use.
		Iowa Soil Properties and Interpretations Database (ISPAID) Version 7.2 is now available and is provided by the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station and Iowa State University Extension along with the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service and the Division of Soil Conservation, Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship.
		Soil Survey status of Iowa Counties shows which counties have published surveys, when they were published, and which counties have surveys in process or in revision.
	extension.agron.iastate.edu /soils/SSDS_maps.html (491 words)

	General Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In North Carolina, a soil survey is produced by the Natural Resources Conservation Service in cooperation with the North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, and the local county Soil and Water Conservation District.
		The purpose of the general soils map is to show broad areas that have distinctive patterns of soil, relief, and drainage.
		The detailed soil map units describe the soils that are delineated on the soil maps located at the back of the soil survey.
	www3.bae.ncsu.edu /bae572/kunickis/Soil_survey.html (715 words)

	Forestland Soil Survey
		Because this was a cooperative soil survey project, agricultural and non-commercial forestlands were also included within some survey areas.
		Remaining PFLG soil attributes were added at a later time and are now available through associated lookup tables.
		This is an east-side variable that measures the potential of a soil type to support increasingly dense stands of timber as measured by using the percentage of normal basal area.
	www3.wadnr.gov /dnrapp6/dataweb/metadata/soils.htm (1167 words)

	NRCS Soils
		Soils is part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, an effort of Federal and State agencies, universities, and professional societies to deliver scientifically-based soil information.
		This calculator uses USDA, NRCS National Soil Survey Laboratory criteria to assign soil texture.
		This is a product-sharing site for soil scientists. The idea is to share products that may be of use to others, either as they are or as templates for developing products specific to their needs.
	soils.usda.gov (262 words)

	NCSS Web Soil Survey
		Access to soil survey information is provided through maps.
		Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of soil survey information should contact the NRCS at the USDA Service Center that services the county of interest.
		Next, click on the Soil Map tab to view and print a map of the soils in your area.
	websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov /app (195 words)

	Soil Data Mart - Help.
		The page that is displayed when you either log in or subscribe to a soil survey area, contains a table that lists your subscriptions as well as text areas where you can change your e-mail address and/or password.
		You may unsubscribe from individual soil survey areas that are listed in the table.
		Soil survey data on this website is updated each evening from approximately 12:00 AM to 4:00 AM Mountain time in order to provide you with the most current data possible.
	soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gov /Survey.aspx?State=VA (1937 words)

	Soil Survey \| Arizona NRCS
		The National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS) program is a joint effort between cooperating federal agencies, land-grant universities, and other state and local agencies to map soils, collect soil data, interpret the maps and data, and promote the use of the surveys.
		In Arizona, the field investigations are made for parts of counties and the material is compiled in a published soil survey.
		The Soil Survey Staff is composed of three parts with each playing a critical role in the overall Soil Survey Program.
	www.az.nrcs.usda.gov /technical/soils (323 words)

	Developing a Soil Survey of the future
		The goal of a soil survey report is to provide consistent, reliable information on the pattern of occurrence and behavior of soils for multiple land uses and management.
		All soil surveys will now be done using USGS digital orthophotographs at 1:12000 or 1:24000 scale as a base map, all text, tables and spatial data will be in digital form and archived as ASCII text, delimited ASCII text and DLG3 Optional file formats respectively.
		Users of soil surveys want to determine information on the attributes of a soil(s) or determine the spatial extent of a soil attribute(s), or both.
	www.gis.uiuc.edu /nrcs/p329.html (1217 words)

	Web Soil Survey
		In the Soil Survey Area pane in the Quick Navigation panel, you can navigate to a soil survey area or set a soil survey area as your area of interest.
		To choose from a list of all soil survey areas that cross a county, select a state and county.
		Identify Available Data: Learn what soil data is available for a selected location on the map: soil maps, soil data, and archived soil survey publications (with and without maps).
	websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov /APP/WebSoilSurvey.aspx (2814 words)

	Cold Climate Gardening » Soil Survey Map
		The Marden soil is characterized by “seasonal wetness, slow permeability, low fertility, and strong slopes,” and “droughtiness in midsummer and the hazard of erosion are limitations for farm use.” Yes, we have lousy soil!
		The descriptions of the soil profiles were accompanied by all sorts of charts and graphs, indicating engineering capabilities, acreage yield of farm crops, and similar information.
		Of course, much of the problems with this soil can be overcome by amending it, which is more practical for the home gardener than it is for the farmer.
	www.coldclimategardening.com /2006/03/14/soil-survey-map (729 words)

	Soils \| Illinois NRCS
		the soil survey will never be completed because I cannot conceive of the time when knowledge of soils will be complete.
		Known by the acronym SSURGO this is soil polygon and special feature data in DLG, Arc export and Arc coverage format, with associated tabular data.
		Check the status map for the availability of the county of interest or look up the County in the Soil Survey List and call the listed phone number to request a copy of the report.
	www.il.nrcs.usda.gov /technical/soils/index.html (244 words)

	Soil Survey Contents \| NRCS Soils
		Listing of Soil Surveys by State - current and out of print soil surveys and contact information for requesting a paper or CD copy.
		Soil Survey Schedule - management tools for authorized users.
		Soil Geography small scale digital soil databases for general soil maps (STATSGO), major land resource areas (MLRA), common resource areas (CRA), and other geospatial data layers (gateway).
	soils.usda.gov /survey (173 words)

	Brownfield Soil Survey
		Often a Brownfield site has no obvious soil resources for landscaping and materials present are likely to have been contaminated and/or physically degraded.
		Soil issues related to plant growth such as drainage potential, stone content, basic chemistry and fertility need to be considered if Brownfield site materials are to be successfully reused for soft landscaping.
		Our Brownfield Soil Survey has been specifically tailored to the needs of landscape architects and contractors to address the information shortfall and can be carried out in conjunction with a standard Phase II contaminated land investigation.
	www.voelckerconsultants.co.uk /soillandscape/brownfield.htm (278 words)

	Soil Survey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		It also studies the formation and structure of soils as they relate to the landscape, geology and climate of Nebraska and integrates this research with studies in geology, groundwater, waste disposal, agriculture, civil engineering and other related disciplines.
		Since 1995, all 93 Nebraska counties have had a modern soil survey, a process that began in the mid-1950s.
		Soil survey work continues as updating of this information is needed to meet more exacting demands for more detailed and accurate soils data.
	csd.unl.edu /surveyareas/soils.asp (207 words)

	Delaware SWCD - Digital Soil Survey
		These were basically a map book with an aerial photo as a base with lines and soil symbols indicating the location of different soil types.
		Below it is the new soil survey using the 2002 aerial photo as a base image.
		The image below that is an example of the soil survey used to produce a choropleth map of the soil types.
	www.delawareswcd.org /GIS/digital_soil_survey.htm (328 words)

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