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Topic: Sokoto Grand Vizier

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> vizier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Muslim office of vizier, which spread from the Persians to the Arabs, Turks, Mongols and neighbouring peoples (regardless of the style of the ruler), arose under the first Abbasid caliphs and took shape during its tenure by the Barmecides as the chief minister or representative of the caliph.
		During the days of the Ottoman Empire, the Grand Vizier was the — often de facto ruling — prime minister, second only to the Sultan (many of whom left politics to him, indulging in court pleasures) and was the leader of the Divan, the Imperial Council.
		In contemporary literature and pantomime, the "Grand Vizier" is a character stereotype and is usually portrayed as a scheming backroom plotter and the clear power behind the throne of a usually bumbling or incompetent monarch.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/vizier (1336 words)

	Vizier info here at en.along-gasoline-alley.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Middle-Persian ancestor of that chitchat was Vichir.
		The Muslim consummation of vizier, which suffusion from the Persians to the Arabs, Turks, Mongols and neighbouring peoples (regardless of the idiosyncrasy of the ruler), arose pressed down the indispensable Abbasid caliphs and took bod pending its tenure by the Barmecides as the chief minister or representative of the caliph.
		In contemporary poetry and pantomime, the "Grand Vizier" is a ethos stereotype and is mostly portrayed as a scheming backroom plotter and the sunshiny power afterwards the throne of a mostly bumbling or incompetent monarch.
	en.along-gasoline-alley.info /Vizier (1259 words)

	Broadmining: Sokoto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Sokoto (which is the modern/anglicised version of the local name, Sakkwato; also known as Sakkwato, Birnin Shaihu da
		Bello or "Sokoto, Capital of Shaihu and Bello") is a city located in the Northwestern region of Nigeria, and is the modern day capital of Sokoto State (and its predecessor, the Northwestern State).
		Sokoto Caliphate that ruled most of Northern Nigeria from the period of
	www.lowide.com /Sokoto (120 words)

	ブリタニカ・ジャパン - Encyclopædia Britannica A-Z Browse
		Ottoman grand vizier (chief minister) from June 1565, under the sultans Suleyman the Magnificent and Selim II, and perhaps the real ruler of the empire until the death of Selim in 1574.
		Sokoto state occupies an area of short-grass savanna vegetation in the south and thorn...
		It flows northwestward in a wide arc for 200 miles (320 km) to Sokoto town, west of which the Rima River joins it in its lower course to its confluence with the Niger River east of Illo.
	www.britannica.co.jp /azbrowse/s/s86.html (2149 words)

	Africa and Europeans 1800-1875 by Sanderson Beck
		A month later an agreement was made that the French would be escorted out of Egypt by the Ottoman allies; but the British government rejected the Convention of al-'Arish, and in March 1800 the French defeated the Ottoman army at Heliopolis, causing another insurrection in Cairo.
		His feared vizier Muhammad Zarruq had Yusuf assassinated in 1815 and was killed himself in 1822.
		The Grand Kabyla rebellion led by Bu Baghla in 1851 lasted until he was killed in 1854.
	www.san.beck.org /1-14-Africa1800-1875.html (23231 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - Back to AfricAAR: The Sokoto Caliphate
		Although the transatlantic slave trade did not end until the 1860s, it was gradually replaced by other commodities, especially palm oil; the shift in trade had serious economic and political consequences in the interior, which led to increasing British intervention in the affairs of Yorubaland and the Niger Delta.
		The rise of the Sokoto Caliphate and the economic and political adjustment in the south strongly shaped the course of the colonial conquest at the end of the nineteenth century.
		The proud horsemen of the Sokoto Caliphate strained to rein in their skittish steeds as the horns blared and the sun beat down from to cloudless blue sky onto the parched earth of the field of honor.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/printthread.php?t=197502 (2336 words)

	Tthornton : Safavid and Ottoman Eras, 1500 - 1914
		Despite his age (he was a vigorous eighty years old when he took up his official duties), Koprulu broke the blockade, ruthlessly put down internal dissent in the army and the civilian population, rooted out administrative corruption, and instituted reforms of the bureaucracy.
		In 1804 in Hausaland (Nigeria), the Shehu Usuman dan Fodio initiated a jihad on behalf of Muslim Fulani nomads who were struggling to overthrow their farming Hausa rulers, also Muslims.
		The jihad ended with the ouster of the Hausas and the establishment of a Fulani caliphate in Sokoto in 1808.
	www.nmhschool.org /tthornton/mehistorydatabase/safavid_and_ottoman_eras.htm (7487 words)

	North Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Alarmed, however, by the schools growing autonomy and influence, the King attempted to rein it in, with the result that Usman resisted and ultimately declared Jihad, Holy War, on the Hausa.
		Ceding political and military control of the new empire to his two sons, Muhammad Bello at Sokoto and Abdullah at Gwandu, Usman created a puritanistic Muslim presence in the central Niger River basin.
		It needs to be noted that most of the Hausa Kings listed are noted only in traditional sources, and are spoken of as leading their people across from an ancient homeland, probably Yemen, across Greater Sudan, to arrive at some unspecified date in the Niger River Basin.
	www.hostkingdom.net /noafrica.html (2725 words)

	Access Islam
		Constructed of white marble, it is considered one of the most remarkable architectural monuments in the world.
		Mehmed Koprulu becomes grand vizier under Sultan Muhammad IV.
		Islamic teacher Usumanu dan Fodio establishes the Sokoto Caliphate in Nigeria.
	www.thirteen.org /edonline/accessislam/timeline1290.html (939 words)

	Summary and Evaluation of Middle East & Africa to 1875 by Sanderson Beck
		Ibn Hazm (994-1064) was vizier at Valencia and Cordoba.
		Crusading Spain and Venice defeated the Ottoman fleet at Lepanto in 1571.
		Shaykh Usman established a caliphate at Sokoto and implemented Islamic law (shari'a) in the provinces; he was succeeded by his son Muhammad Bello (r.
	www.san.beck.org /1-15-Summary.html (14077 words)

	Vizier - OneLook Dictionary Search
		VIZIER : 1911 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica [home, info]
		Phrases that include Vizier: grand vizier sinan pasha, sokoto grand vizier, wazir or vizier
		Words similar to Vizier: vizierate, vizierial, viziership, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=Vizier&ls=a (209 words)

	Britannica Online Service :: Search
		county, central New Mexico, U.S. The Rio Grande winds southward through the county.
		Ottoman grand vizier (chief minister) from June 1565, under the sultans Suleyman the Magnificent and Selim II, and perhaps the...
		It lies along the Sokoto (Kebbi) River just east of the...
	www.britannica.co.kr /boltitles/s/s43.html (1673 words)

	The Moral Economy of Islam: Bibliographies
		Abstract: Shaykh Ali Khan's tenure as grand vizier of the Safavid ruler Shah Sulayman witnessed the pinnacle of his position's historic power while illustrating several characteristics of government in that period.
		He was a capable administrator, ensuring a steady flow of funds despite political intrigues that eventually robbed him of his position.
		He could not have held such power under a strong ruler, but such a one could have better balanced the vizier with the developing shadow cabinet.
	globetrotter.berkeley.edu /Islam/historyJ.html (2869 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Daran army moved back to Kordofan while the vizier Chach moved the former Makurrans to Sokoro to be put to work on the Trans-Himraqat Highway.
		None would be forthcoming for the vizier councilled defense.
		In the Huang River, Marshal Ber who was a steersman guarded the confluence with the Grand Canal (Eching) with 200 elite war-barges.
	www.throneworld.com /lords/lote09/LOTE9H_121.htm (4049 words)

	Ottoman empire 2004 - Alternate History Discussion Board
		The real power in the Ottoman Empire at the time was the reformist Grand Vizier Midhat Pasha, who was virulently against Western interference in Ottoman affairs.
		The Ottomans had managed to put down the revolts in Bosnia-Herzogovian and Bulgaria (the latter of which was foreign-incited) and handily defeated Serbia, but the Powers were demanding reforms in the "Christian" provinces.
		The Ottomans also claimed the Sokoto Caliphate in Nigeria, but that would not have been possible to control.
	www.alternatehistory.com /discussion/showthread.php?t=3594 (3618 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Phillipe Van Dorn who had the grand command had to spend a year training some of his troops into elites.
		Sokoto, Nozebned, Chirop'tera grew to respective numbers: 9, 4 and 3 Gpv.
		Benusa, the old war hero, held the west (Jazirah, Iraq, Hahmar and Kuwait), his vizier Esha kept the east cool (Zagros, Khuzesatan, Mand, Laristan and Yezd).
	www.throneworld.com /lords/lote09/LOTE9H_117.htm (4318 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - Back to AfricAAR: The Sokoto Caliphate
		The RGO of the caliphate produces a lot of cattle, some grain, a little of cotton, fruit and iron, trinkets of tropical wood and wool.
		Conquering Africa:The Sokoto Caliphate: In the Heart of AfricAAR (Now going on in the remake: Back to AfricAAR: The Sokoto Caliphate)
		Sokoto seems to be doing well in VIP
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?t=197502 (2935 words)

	Islamic History: Detailed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The seat of Ottoman government became known as the "Sublime Porte" after the gate to the headquarters of the Grand Vizier, which later became the Foreign Ministry and in contemporary times the office of the governor (Vali) of Istanbul Province.
		Muhammad Ali (died 1848), an Albanian by birth and an Ottoman military officer by trade, was appointed "pasha " in Egypt and established a dynasty in Egypt which successfully challenged Ottoman authority.
		On February 5, Ottoman sultan Abdulhamid II abruptly deposed his grand vizier, Midhat Pasha, who had been appointed by Sultan Abdulaziz in 1872 and who had been a prime force behind the constitution approved the preceding year.
	www.mylinuxisp.com /~jrlaw/islam/detailed_history.htm (12844 words)

	Writers Creek » Lets Write
		When I started at that school, I really did not want to be involved in anything much because I knew that by the time I’d get close to someone, it’d be time to leave, with everything untied and as it is. That is a hard excerise for me, honestly.
		So with this idea and the repeated reassurance of the place being transitory in the grand scheme of my life, I remained at a safe distance from everyone.
		Abdul Kassam Ismael, Grand* Vizier of Persia in the tenth century, carried his library with him wherever he went.
	www.letswrite.net /category/lets-write (8347 words)

	Africa - List Of State Leaders In 1848
		Caliph - Ali bin Bello I, Sokoto Caliph (1842- 1859)
		Grand Vizier - Abd al-Qadir (Sokoto) Abd al-Qadir, Sokoto Grand Vizier (1842- 1859)
		Zulu - Mpande kaSenzangakhona, List of Zulu kings King of the Zulu (1840- 1872)
	mywebpage.netscape.com /Aberdonia3654/list-of-state-leaders-in-1848-africa.html (134 words)

	Fragrant WebSite English-speaking world (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		- Caliph - Muhammed Bello, Sokoto Caliph (1814 - 1837)
		- Grand Vizier - Gidago dan Laima, Sokoto Grand Vizier (1817 - 1842)
		- Luxembourg - William I of the Netherlands, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1815 - 1840)
	english.speaking.world.en.channele.info (1167 words)

	List Of State Leaders In 1861 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Caliph - Ahmad bin Atiku, Sokoto Caliph (1859-1866)
		Mehmed Emin Ali Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1861)
		Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1861-1863)
	www.infoforyou.org /input.php?title=List_of_state_leaders_in_1861 (591 words)

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