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	Encyclopedia: Solar Tower
		A solar tower is an environment-friendly way of generating power by exploiting the temperature differential between air at ground level and air at a significant elevation.
		At the base of a solar tower is a solar collector - a huge (~25,000 acres or 100 square kilometers) transparent circular skirt made of plastic that creates a greenhouse effect and heats the air trapped in the skirt.
		Solar Tower technology is created when the sunÂ’s radiation is used to heat a large body of air, which is then forced by the laws of physics (hot air rises) to move as a hot wind through large turbines to generate electricity.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Solar-Tower (430 words)

	Solar tower - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Solar towers are used to raise the observation equipment above the atmospheric disturbances caused by solar heating of the ground and the radiation of the heat into the atmosphere.
		Almost as soon as the Snow Observatory opened, plans were started for a 60 foot tall tower that opened in 1908 follower by a 150 foot tower in 1912.
		The 60 foot tower is currently used to study helioseismology while the 150 foot tower is active in UCLA's Solar Cycle Program.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Solar_tower (279 words)

	Info and facts on 'Solar Tower' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Solar Tower is a brand of renewable-energy (additional info and facts about renewable-energy) power plant (An electrical generating station) based on the solar chimney (additional info and facts about solar chimney) concept.
		Enviromission is planning to build a Solar Tower in Wentworth Shire, New South Wales (An Australian state in southeastern Australia), Australia (A nation occupying the whole of the Australian continent; aboriginal tribes are thought to have migrated from southeastern Asia 20,000 years ago; first Europeans were British convicts sent there as a penal colony).
		Recent negotiations to build cooperatively owned and operated Solar Towers are underway with organizations such as, a not-for-profit company, who have been promoting a sustainable for over 40 years collectively.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/so/solar_tower.htm (367 words)

	New Green Energy - Solar Tower Of Power
		Announced several years ago, the 3,280-foot Solar Tower is one of the most ambitious alternative energy projects on the planet: a renewable energy plant that pumps out the same power as a small reactor but is totally safe.
		"Solar chimneys (towers) have become a hot area of research recently," said S.A. Sherif, a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at the University of Florida, who wrote several papers on the technology in the early 1990s and is the technical editor of the Solar Energy journal.
		"Solar towers are a good fit for power companies because they operate 24/7 and deliver maximum energy output during the hottest part of the day just when everyone's air conditioners are on high," he said.
	www.rense.com /general63/sspsd.htm (913 words)

	What is a Solar Tower?
		The Australian solar tower is forecasted to cost about $500 million and would be the tallest man-made structure in the world, almost twice the size of Toronto's CN Tower.
		A solar tower would be a massive landmark, visible from as far as 80 miles away.
		The solar tower is perhaps the most impressive proposed alternative to fossil fuels or nuclear power.
	www.wisegeek.com /what-is-a-solar-tower.htm (348 words)

	MWO 150-Foot Solar Tower History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1908, Hale discovered magnetic fields in sunspots (using the 60-foot solar tower built in 1907) by applying the principle of Zeeman splitting, where a spectral line will usually be split up into several components in the presence of a magnetic field.
		Solar rotation studies were begun by Walter S. Adams in 1911 which produced very accurate spectroscopic rotation results and hinted at a velocity field that is now called supergranulation.
		Digital data obtained at the solar tower (recorded on punched paper tape) were taken in 1962 and 1963.
	www.astro.ucla.edu /~obs/150_hist.html (958 words)

	enviromission
		SBP is the original developer of the Solar Tower renewable energy, devoting excess of 25 years of research and development to the concept.
		The Solar Tower’s supply curve is approximately bell shaped, peaking with that of the sun’s intensity.
		Power output is determined by the height of the tower, the size of the collector roof and the extent to which it is glazed (single or double).
	www.aie.org.au /pubs/enviromission.htm (3252 words)

	Directory:Solar Tower - PESWiki
		Solar Towers are like an inverted funnel, with a wide skirt to collect air to then turn a turbine in the tower.
		At its base is a solar collector — a 25,000-acre, transparent circular skirt comprised of a bulk of conventional greenhouse plastic, polycarbonate sheting and double glass for the interior.
		The first 200 MW Solar Tower is planned to commence construction in Australia in 2006, at Burronga Station, in the Riverland area of New South Wales.
	peswiki.com /index.php/Directory:Solar_Tower (662 words)

	SolarMission Technologies, Inc. :: The Solar Tower Project is designed to provide large scale renewable energy with ...
		Solar Towers operate on the simple principle hot air rises; the movement of rising hot air is utilized to drive turbines to generate electricity.
		The turbines are located at the base of a very tall tower in the center of the collector, and the movement of the heated air through these turbines is increased by the updraft effect created by the tower.
		The solar tower can produce electrical generation in large-scale quantities and be a competitive alternative to coal and gas based electricity generation.
	www.solarmissiontechnologies.com /project.htm (316 words)

	Articles - Solar Tower (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Of these technologies the solar dish/Stirling has the highest energy efficiency (the current record is a conversion efficiency of 30% of solar energy).
		Because it is "mostly concrete with a few moving parts" and does not have a lot of mechanical complexity, the solar chimney is also considered to be economically attractive because it fits into the existing investment asset classes and risk models as conventional power stations and other heavy infrastructure that investment banks are familiar with.
		Australia's only existing solar power station, White Cliffs Solar Power Station, was originally built using solar dish/steam turbine technology, but has now been upgraded to photovoltaic to obtain almost twice the electric output from the same dishes.
	www.zgrey.com /articles/Solar_Tower (651 words)

	Solar Tower FAQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The solar thermal power station will be composed of three major components: the solar collector, Solar Tower and turbines.
		The large solar collector canopy will be constructed from a transparent material (maybe glass, but more likely to be a type of plastic to save weight) with heat enhancing properties.
		The selling price of Solar Tower renewable energy is based on the average peak pool electricity price paid to generators plus an additional renewable energy credit incentive paid by retailers.
	www.wentworth.nsw.gov.au /solartower/faq.php (959 words)

	The Energy Blog: About Solar Towers
		Solar towers use many large, computer controlled, sun tracking mirrors (heliostats) to focus the suns energy on a receiver located at the top of a tower.
		Solar Two, shown left, was a retrofit of solar one, built to demonstrate the advantages of molten salt for heat transfer and solar storage.
		The Solar Two receiver is comprised of a series of panels (each made of 32 thin-walled, stainless steel tubes) through which the molten salt flows in a serpentine path.
	thefraserdomain.typepad.com /energy/2005/09/aabout_solar_to.html (1074 words)

	Spain SolarTres (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Solar Tres consortium of Spanish, French, Czech Republic and US companies is promoting the 15-MW plant project with a large solar multiple of 3.
		Solar Tres will make use of several advances in the molten salt technology since Solar Two was designed and built.
		Although the turbine will be only slightly larger than Solar Two’s, the larger heliostat field and thermal storage system will enable the plant to operate 24 hours a day during the summer and have an annual capacity factor of approximately 65%.
	www.solarpaces.org /SOLARTRES.HTM (300 words)

	Enviromission's Solar Tower of Power: Construction Begins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		When completed, the tower should be almost twice the height of the world's tallest structure, the CN Tower in Canada.
		The tower itself is hollow, chimneylike, and around its base a large, circular solar collector is placed in a 25,000 acre bowl-like shape around the facility.
		During the day, this solar collector absorbs a massive dose of heat from the sun, and the air under the colletor is rapidly heated.
	www.solarpanelinfo.com /solarprojects/solar-tower-power.php (330 words)

	HISTORY OF THE 60 FOOT SOLAR TOWER
		In addition to having the largest photographic archive of white-light images of the sun, and having the distinction of being the first solar telescope to be built on a tower, the 60- Foot Solar Tower is home to two of the most important discoveries in the field of solar research....
		Shortly after the first solar telescope was installed on the mountain, the Snow telescope, Hale wanted to improve the quality of his data by building a solar tower.
		These solar oscillations quickly became known as solar quakes, hence the study of helioseismology was born.
	physics.usc.edu /solar/history.html (677 words)

	Bulletin - Tower of power (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is an ambitious plan by anyone’s standards: to build the world’s tallest structure to siphon solar energy from the flat, arid landscape of Neds Corner, near the Murray River in north-western Victoria.
		A 1km solar tower would be far more conspicuous but the corresponding “footprint” of 40-odd towers would be less than 800 sq km; about 28km on a side.
		Solar towers would help Victoria, which is heavily dependent on brown coal-sourced electricity, out of its bind in the Latrobe Valley.
	bulletin.ninemsn.com.au /bulletin/eddesk.nsf/All/A7BD712D34AE25B3CA256B12001BA833!open (1533 words)

	Solar
		The 3,280-foot tall tower will be surrounded by a vast greenhouse that will heat air to drive turbines around the base of the tower.
		Solar energy requires no additional fuel to run and is pollution free.
		Sunlight can be captured as usable heat or converted into electricity using solar, or photoelectric, cells or through synchronized mirrors known as heliostats that track the sun’s movement across the sky.
	www.livescience.com /environment/top10_power_21stcentury-10.html (181 words)

	SBP
		Solar Tower power plants are the only large scale solar electricity generating systems today which can provide electricity 24 h a day from solar energy alone without the need for any additional fuel.
		In a Solar Tower power plant air is heated by solar radiation under a low circular glass roof open at the circumference; the roof and the natural ground below it form a hot air collector.
		A single Solar Tower power plant with a collector area of 7 000 m in diameter built and operated in an area with an annual global solar radiation of 2 300 kWh/m² a will generate between 700 and 800 GWh per year.
	www.sbp.de /en/html/projects/detail.html?id=1105 (253 words)

	SolarPACES Home Page
		Concentrating solar power systems use concentrated solar radiation as a high temperature energy source to produce electrical power and drive chemical reactions.
		Solar chemical energy systems use concentrated solar radiation to drive chemical reactions for the production of fuels and chemicals.
		System tests of pilot-scale plants, such as the 10-MW Solar Two power tower in the United States and the DISS trough system in Spain have demonstrated the performance and reliability data needed to predict commercial plant performance.
	www.solarpaces.org (1010 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Asia-Pacific \| Australia plans world's tallest tower
		Enviromission says the tower, at a proposed height of 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), will be more than twice the size of the world's current tallest freestanding building, the Canadian National Tower in Toronto.
		The tower was developed by German structural engineers Schlaich Bergerman, who built a 200-metre-high demonstration power plant in Manzanares, Spain, in 1982.
		The tower proposal has received the support of the Australian and New South Wales governments, which have defined it as a project of national significance.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/asia-pacific/2628361.stm (360 words)

	Eric Shackle's eBook - Solar Tower
		If all goes to plan, a solar tower a mind-boggling one kilometre (3280 feet) high - nearly twice the height of the world's tallest building - will be built in a remote part of Australia appropriately named Sunraysia, by the end of 2010.
		The tower will have a base the size of the Melbourne cricket ground, spanning a diameter of 130 metres [426ft.], while the tower itself will be about 300 metres [984ft.] taller than the current highest structures in the world.
		Surrounding the tower will be a skirt of solar collector panels with a radius of 3.5 kilometres [2.17 miles].
	www.bdb.co.za /shackle/articles/solar_tower.htm (642 words)

	Solar power, info on solar power, solar power lights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Solar power is one of the first things that comes to most people's minds when...
		Solar power is one of many sustainable energy options for Maine that I support...
		Solar experts agree that Maine is an attractive state for solar power.
	www.thebedguide.com /solar-power.html (1134 words)

	Solar Tower (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Solar Tower is a brand of renewable energy power plant based on the solar chimney concept.
		Recent negotiations to build cooperatively owned and operated Solar Towers are underway with organizations such as ECOSOUL, a not-for-profit company, who have been promoting a sustainable hydrogen economy for over 40 years collectively.
		A meeting at NASA to further exploration of opportunities in Solar Tower implementation was called by H. Alfred Goolsbee, founder of the Solar Tower OpenSource Energy Project, and was held at NASA Ames Research Park in June 2003.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Thermodynamics/Solar-Tower.html (324 words)

	TransportStation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Then build a colossal tower 1 km (.62 miles) tall in the middle of it.
		The warm air from the greenhouse will rise through the tower as it would through a chimney, turning turbines and generating enough electricity to power 200,000 Australian homes.
		If completed, the $800 million solar tower will be the tallest man-made structure in the world.
	www.transportstation.org /show/3164/SolarTower (88 words)

	INDEX: - SOLAR TOWER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Solar Mission Project is the realisation of large-scale clean green renewable energy generation from the world’s first 200MW solar thermal power station using innovative Solar Tower technology.
		A solar thermal power station using Solar Tower technology will create the conditions to cause hot wind to flow continuously through its turbines to generate electricity.
		Formerly referred to as Solar Chimney technology in academic literature the Solar Tower has had in excess of A$35 million and twenty years of research and development invested in it.
	www.index2005.dk /Members/nokytha/communityObject (779 words)

	EERE News: Spain to Build an 11-Megawatt Solar Power Tower
		A solar energy technology largely abandoned in the United States is now being commercialized in Spain: Solucar Energia, S.A., an Abengoa company, is building an 11-megawatt solar power tower near Seville.
		The plant was later revived in the 1990s as Solar Two, which used molten salt as the fluid to collect heat in the tower, store the heat, and transfer the heat to water, which was boiled to steam.
		The process was developed using the solar heat from a solar tower located at the Weizmann Institute's Canadian Institute for the Energies and Applied Research.
	www.eere.energy.gov /news/news_detail.cfm?news_id=9310 (356 words)

	Sandia conducts tests at Solar Tower to benefit future NASA space explorations
		During thermal radiation testing conducted in the solar tower, all of these concerns were addressed and found not to be a problem for the ablators of interest.
		Test samples are mounted high in the receiver tower, and the heliostats direct the sunlight upward to irradiate the sample surface.
		The material samples are installed in the tower's wind tunnel and exposed to the solar beam at flux levels up to 150 W/cm2, which is approximately 1,500 times the intensity of the sun on earth on a clear day.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-09/dnl-sct090705.php (876 words)

	BBC NEWS \| England \| Manchester \| Tower's solar panels switched on
		Solar panels on the side of the tallest building in Manchester have been switched on by the prime minister.
		Tony Blair switched on the panels on the south side of the CIS Tower on Thursday, feeding the solar power into the national grid.
		Work on all the panels, which cover three sides of tower, is expected to be complete by the end of the year.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/england/manchester/4404506.stm (329 words)

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