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Topic: Solid propellant

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	Solid rocket - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Solid rockets are rockets with a motor that uses solid propellants (fuel/oxidizer).
		Solid fuel grains are usually molded from a thermoset elastomer (which doubles as fuel), additional fuel, oxidizer, and catalyst.
		Solid fuel rockets can be bought for use in model rocketry; they are normally small cylinders of fuel with an integral nozzle and a small charge that is set off when the fuel is exhausted.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Solid_rocket (846 words)

	Space and its Exploration: How a Solid Propellant Rocket Works (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Function: A solid propellant is a monopropellant fuel-a single mixture of several chemicals (the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent or fuel).
		The propellant grain, this interior shape of the core is an important factor in determining a rocket's performance.
		The ease of storage of solid propellant rockets is another main advantage employing a high level use in the military.
	adc.gsfc.nasa.gov /adc/education/space_ex/solid.html (894 words)

	UTIAS CFD and Propulsion Group: Solid Propellant Rocket Motor Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Research on the application of the parallel AMR methodology to the prediction of two-phase swirling core flows of propellant gases and inert particulates in solid propellant rocket motors is underway.
		Solid propellant rocket motors derive thrust by producing gases with high energy through the combustion of a solid propellent and then exhausting the hot gases through a nozzle where the thermal energy is converted to kinetic energy.
		Important aspects of the research include the investigation of the effects of the particles and swirl induced by rocket motor spin (solid propellant rocket motors are often spin stabilized during flight) on propellant burning, the structure of the core flow, and choking processes in the nozzle throat.
	www.utias.utoronto.ca /~groth/research_rockets.html (296 words)

	Silicone containing solid propellant - Patent 4210474
		A propellant according to claim 1 in which the oxidizer is present in an amount from 70-84% by weight and the metal is present in an amount from 2 to 20% by weight.
		A propellant according to claim 3 in which the polybutadiene is selected from carboxy-terminated polybutadienes cured with amines or epoxides, PBAN terpolymers cured with epoxides or hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes cured with diisocyanates.
		Composite solid rocket propellants based on a dispersion of solid oxidizer in an organic binder have been formulated with a high content of combustible metal such as aluminum to maximize specific impulse and reduce combustion instability by forming solid particulates in the exhaust gases.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4210474.html (2110 words)

	solid propellant
		A rocket propellant in solid form used in a solid-propellant rocket motor.
		Modern composite propellants are heterogeneous powders (mixtures) which use a crystallized or finely ground mineral salt as an oxidizer, often ammonium perchlorate, which constitutes between 60% and 90% of the mass of the propellant.
		The propellant is held together by a polymeric binder, usually polyurethane or polybutadienes.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/S/solid_propellant.html (315 words)

	Solid
		Solid rocket propellants differ from liquid propellants in that the oxidiser and fuel are embedded or bound together in a solid compound that is cast into the rocket motor casing.
		Solid propellant rockets, using fl powder as the propellant, were introduced by the Chinese in the early 13th century.
		Propellant researchers began to understand the complete chemistry of solid propellants, and the need for molecular chain extensions and cross linking of the binders became apparent.
	astronautix.com /props/solid.htm (1527 words)

	Solid propellant hydrogen generator - Patent 4234363
		Moreover, the known materials for making solid propellant formulations also include substantial quantities of carbon and oxygen and, when the ratio of oxygen to carbon is in the range of about 1.2/1 to 2.0/1, it is found that significant amounts of water and small amounts of CO.sub.2 are created in the products of combustion.
		A further object of the present invention is to provide a solid propellant hydrogen generator which produces a mole percent of hydrogen which is at least ten times greater than the combined mole percentages of the deleterious gaseous products.
		A solid propellant hydrogen generator has been formulated consisting of 58% cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine, as an oxidizer, 22% ammonium nitrate, as additional oxidizer, 2.0% polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, as a fuel and binder, and 20.0% polybutadiene, as a fuel.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4234363.html (1103 words)

	Characterisation of defects in Large Solid propellant Rocket Motors
		The production of defect-free large solid propellant rocket boosters however is a formidable challenge and it calls for stringent quality control measures at various stages of its processing.
		X-ray radiography is employed for evaluating both the integrity of propellant mass and the bond-line integrity of propellant and insulation.
		The image of defects such as voids in the propellant which lie in lines are therefore superimposed on to the same locations on a two dimensional radiograph.
	www.ndt.net /article/wcndt00/papers/idn202/idn202.htm (2214 words)

	solid-propellant rocket motor
		A solid-propellant rocket motor consists of a casing, usually steel, filled with a solid propellant charge, called the grain, which contains all the chemical constituents (fuel plus oxidizer) for complete burning.
		When ignited, the propellant compounds burn rapidly, expelling hot gases from a nozzle to produce thrust.
		Solid propellant motors have a variety of uses.
	daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/S/solid-propellant_rocket_motor.html (295 words)

	Rocket Propellants
		Propellant is the chemical mixture burned to produce thrust in rockets and consists of a fuel and an oxidizer.
		In a liquid propellant rocket, the fuel and oxidizer are stored in separate tanks, and are fed through a system of pipes, valves, and turbopumps to a combustion chamber where they are combined and burned to produce thrust.
		Liquid propellant engines are more complex then their solid propellant counterparts, however, they offer several advantages.
	www.braeunig.us /space/propel.htm (1737 words)

	Solid Propellants
		To prepare the propellant, the resin part of the binder-fuel is mixed with the oxidizer and other solid ingredients.
		Most rocketeers who experiment with solid propellant, work with composite propellant, as it is fairly simple to make and presents less danger from accidental ignition than does flpowder.
		AN undergoes a phase change that can render a propellant unuseable from temperature cycling over time, however, this is not a major concern for propellant that will be properly stored and used within a few days or weeks.
	www.info-central.org /research_solids.shtml (714 words)

	Solid Propellant Combustion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The thrust of a solid propellant rocket engine depends on the grain design.
		The numerical techniques that we have developed for the free surface flows were used to simulate the evolution of the flame front in very complex grain shapes.
		This technique is currently being used in various solid propellant rocket combustion codes.
	www.mie.utoronto.ca /labs/mfl/solid_propellant_combustion.htm (72 words)

	SOLID ROCKET BOOSTERS
		The propellant mixture in each SRB motor consists of an ammonium perchlorate (oxidizer, 69.6 percent by weight), aluminum (fuel, 16 percent), iron oxide (a catalyst, 0.4 percent), a polymer (a binder that holds the mixture together, 12.04 percent), and an epoxy curing agent (1.96 percent).
		The propellant is an 11-point star- shaped perforation in the forward motor segment and a double- truncated- cone perforation in each of the aft segments and aft closure.
		The solid rocket motor ignition commands are issued by the orbiter's computers through the master events controllers to the hold- down pyrotechnic initiator controllers on the mobile launcher platform.
	science.ksc.nasa.gov /shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/srb.html (3986 words)

	1995 Fire Publications - Solid Propellant Gas Generators: Proceedings of the 1995 Workshop. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Solid Propellant Gas Generators: Proceedings of the 1995 Workshop.
		A workshop on solid propellant gas generators was held on June 28-29, 1995 at the National Institute of Standards and Technology under the sponsorship of the Building and Fire Research Laboratory.
		Solid Propellant Gas Generators: An Overview and Their Application to Fire Suppression.
	fire.nist.gov /bfrlpubs/fire95/art129.html (360 words)

	China To Develop Solid Propellant Rocket
		The solid propellant rocket, SLV-1, that will be developed is based on the technology of the Dongfeng ballistic missile.
		Unlike a liquid propellant rocket which requires storage facilities for liquid propellants and complex ground support for propellant loading at the launch centre, loading of solid fuel and oxidizer can be prepared before arriving at the launch site.
		The company believes that solid propellant rockets offer a lower cost of access to space, and opening a new commercial opportunity for China's space industry.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/china-00zc.html (570 words)

	(WO 01/38711) END-BURNING ROCKET MOTOR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		(57) A solid propellant rocket motor which utilizes a propellant casing enclosing one or more propellant segments in an end-burning configuration wherein each propellant segment comprises a substantially homogeneous mixture of fuel particles distributed throughout a matrix of solid oxidizer.
		Such a solid propellant rocket motor in the end-burning configuration permits larger payloads due to the weight savings realized by the reduced binder and propellant casing requirements, with less complicated manufacturing procedures than conventional CP rocket motor configurations.
		In addition, the end-burning configuration permits easier segmentation of the propellant grain to tailor the thrust profile during the burn, with the added flexibility of dynamically chosen thrusts, triggered by either guidance circuitry or human intervention.
	wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/38711.010531&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (198 words)

	Hybrisol Rocket Engines
		The use of the burning of the hybrid fuel to ignite the solid propellant would increase reliability.
		The later burning of solid propellant would provide the high thrust typically needed in the thinner upper atmosphere.
		As the hybrid fuel nears burnout, its burning ignites the solid propellant.
	www.nasatech.com /Briefs/Sept99/NPO20387.html (398 words)

	(WO 01/38265) VARIABLE BURN-RATE PROPELLANT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		(57) Disclosed are propellants such as may be used in solid rocket motors.
		In one preferred embodiment, the propellant comprises one high energy propellant composition comprising a homogeneous mixture of fuel and oxidizer having a predetermined fuel/oxidizer ratio, wherein individual fuel particles are generally uniformly distributed throughout a matrix of oxidizer, and a low energy propellant comprising a fuel and oxidizer.
		The amounts of the two propellants are present in amounts which achieve a preselected burn rate.
	wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/38265.010531&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (142 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		The objective of the Solid Propellant Environmental Issues (SPEI) project is to demonstrate environmentally acceptable technologies that will enhance the continued production of solid rocket motors (SRMs) by complying with current and anticipated environmental regulations.
		Phase 1 of the project identifies current and anticipated environmental regulations that may affect SRMs manufacturing in the future and identify emerging process technologies which comply with these regulations.
		The new manufacturing process will be demonstrated and evaluated through the scale-up and fabrication of two 363 kg solid rocket motors.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=619439 (266 words)

	Final Presentation on HNF-based Solid Propellant Developments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		You, and / or representatives of you company / institute / organisation are kindly invited to attend the final presentation on HNF-based Solid Propellant Developments by Aerospace Propulsion Products, PML-TNO, Royal Ordnance and Raufoss on Friday 25 September 1998 at ESTEC.
		Following a search for new storable high performance propellants in 1988, the solid propellant combination of hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF), aluminum (Al) and glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) was identified as a new formulation offering a substantially higher specific impulse than conventional composite propellants.
		Following the promising results of a research programme on HNF and HNF propellants at laboratory scale, the Agency and NIVR (Netherlands Agency for Aerospace Programmes) commonly funded a development programme aiming to proof the concept (TRP contract).
	www.estec.esa.nl /conferences/FPD/info/tos-mp980925.html (303 words)

	CHARACTERIZATION STANDARDS FOR SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET MOTORS
		This document sets standards for the characterization of solid propellant rocket motor propulsion systems.
		The characteristics are presented as a check list for ten different component parts including the overall propulsion system, analysis, the rocket motor case, nozzle, propellant, liner, insulation, igniter, ingredients, and energy management.
		The list recognizes that different degrees of characterization would be required at different stages in the evolution of a propulsion system.
	quanterion.com /Documents/Documents.asp?ArgVal=213 (167 words)

	Rocket Science Books: Solid Propellant Selection and Characterization
		An in-depth, comprehensive, and complete reference guide for advanced composite and double-base solid propellants, from the world's leading experts on the subject.
		It's not in any way superficial, nor an "easy read." But if you want to get to the essentials of composite (and double-base) solid propellant chemical engineering, here it is in one volume.
		If you design, build, test, or use solid propellant rockets, you need this reference handbook.
	rocketsciencebooks.home.att.net /selection.html (856 words)

	solid propellant rocket engines - StormingMedia
		Combustion Instabilities In Solid Propellant Rocket Motors Date: JAN 2004
		A Solid Rocket Motor Manufacturer's View of Sensors and Aging Surveillance Date: 27 JUN 2002
		Cumulative Damage and Crack Growth in Solid Propellant.
	www.stormingmedia.us /keywords/solid_propellant_rocket_engines.html (1314 words)

	Rocket Science Books: History of Solid-Propellant Rocketry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A comprehensive and in-depth 1999 report covering the development of castable double-base and composite propellants, from World War II research through modern formulations used in a spectrum of rockets, missiles, and spacecraft worldwide.
		Details the many separate lines of research that led to the development of large solid propellant motors and boosters.
		Rumbel and Henderson's discovery of aluminum powder additives to increase I
	webpages.charter.net /rocketscience/nasa-history-solid.html (388 words)

	Papers on Solid propellant; (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Papers on solid propellant in the Journal of Battlefield Technology include:
		Use of a Time-dependent Brinell Hardness Test to Determine Some Mechanical Properties of Solid Propellants....
		Register for the free to receive a list of papers for each issue as it is released, and keep up to date on Solid propellant.
	www.argospress.com /jbt/xref/solidpropel.htm (51 words)

	Space and Astronomy [encyclopedia] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Space Shuttle is a reusable rocket-launched vehicle designed to transport people and cargo between Earth and orbiting spacecraft, and then to return to the Earth's surface by gliding down and landing on a runway.
		A Space Shuttle consists of a reusable delta-winged spaceplane, called an orbiter; two solid-propellant booster rockets, which are recovered and also reused; and an expendable tank containing liquid propellant for the orbiter.s three main engines.
		Only the orbiters have names, and an orbiter alone is not a full Space Shuttle.
	kosmoi.com /Space (1302 words)

	William Dick Home Page
		"Integrated Simulation of Solid Propellant Rockets" Second European Conference on Space Launchers, November 2000.
		"Virtual Prototyping of Solid Propellant Rockets," IEEE Computing in Science and Engineering, March-April 2000
		"Integrated Simulation of Solid Propellant Rockets" CSAR Presentation to NASA MSFC, 4 April 2001.
	yellowpine.cse.uiuc.edu (276 words)

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