Solid-propellant - Factbites

Solid-propellant - Factbites
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Topic: Solid-propellant

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	Solid rocket - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Solid rockets are rockets with a motor that uses solid propellants (fuel/oxidizer).
		Solid fuel rockets can be bought for use in model rocketry; they are normally small cylinders of fuel with an integral nozzle and a small charge that is set off when the fuel is exhausted.
		Solid fuel grains are usually molded from a thermoset elastomer (which doubles as fuel), additional fuel, oxidizer, and catalyst.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Solid_rocket (846 words)

	UTIAS CFD and Propulsion Group: Solid Propellant Rocket Motor Research
		Solid propellant rocket motors derive thrust by producing gases with high energy through the combustion of a solid propellent and then exhausting the hot gases through a nozzle where the thermal energy is converted to kinetic energy.
		Important aspects of the research include the investigation of the effects of the particles and swirl induced by rocket motor spin (solid propellant rocket motors are often spin stabilized during flight) on propellant burning, the structure of the core flow, and choking processes in the nozzle throat.
		Research on the application of the parallel AMR methodology to the prediction of two-phase swirling core flows of propellant gases and inert particulates in solid propellant rocket motors is underway.
	www.utias.utoronto.ca /~groth/research_rockets.html (296 words)

	Space and its Exploration: How a Solid Propellant Rocket Works
		Function: A solid propellant is a monopropellant fuel-a single mixture of several chemicals (the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent or fuel).
		The ease of storage of solid propellant rockets is another main advantage employing a high level use in the military.
		The propellant grain, this interior shape of the core is an important factor in determining a rocket's performance.
	adc.gsfc.nasa.gov /adc/education/space_ex/solid.html (894 words)

	Solid
		Solid rocket propellants differ from liquid propellants in that the oxidiser and fuel are embedded or bound together in a solid compound that is cast into the rocket motor casing.
		Solid propellant rockets, using black powder as the propellant, were introduced by the Chinese in the early 13th century.
		Propellant researchers began to understand the complete chemistry of solid propellants, and the need for molecular chain extensions and cross linking of the binders became apparent.
	astronautix.com /props/solid.htm (1527 words)

	Silicone containing solid propellant - Patent 4210474
		Composite solid rocket propellants based on a dispersion of solid oxidizer in an organic binder have been formulated with a high content of combustible metal such as aluminum to maximize specific impulse and reduce combustion instability by forming solid particulates in the exhaust gases.
		A propellant according to claim 1 in which the oxidizer is present in an amount from 70-84% by weight and the metal is present in an amount from 2 to 20% by weight.
		A propellant according to claim 3 in which the polybutadiene is selected from carboxy-terminated polybutadienes cured with amines or epoxides, PBAN terpolymers cured with epoxides or hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes cured with diisocyanates.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4210474.html (2110 words)

	Solid propellant hydrogen generator - Patent 4234363
		A solid propellant hydrogen generator has been formulated consisting of 58% cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine, as an oxidizer, 22% ammonium nitrate, as additional oxidizer, 2.0% polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, as a fuel and binder, and 20.0% polybutadiene, as a fuel.
		Moreover, the known materials for making solid propellant formulations also include substantial quantities of carbon and oxygen and, when the ratio of oxygen to carbon is in the range of about 1.2/1 to 2.0/1, it is found that significant amounts of water and small amounts of CO.sub.2 are created in the products of combustion.
		A further object of the present invention is to provide a solid propellant hydrogen generator which produces a mole percent of hydrogen which is at least ten times greater than the combined mole percentages of the deleterious gaseous products.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4234363.html (1103 words)

	Rocket Propellants
		Propellant is the chemical mixture burned to produce thrust in rockets and consists of a fuel and an oxidizer.
		Modern composite propellants are heterogeneous powders (mixtures) which use a crystallized or finely ground mineral salt as an oxidizer, often ammonium perchlorate, which constitutes between 60% and 90% of the mass of the propellant.
		In a liquid propellant rocket, the fuel and oxidizer are stored in separate tanks, and are fed through a system of pipes, valves, and turbopumps to a combustion chamber where they are combined and burned to produce thrust.
	www.braeunig.us /space/propel.htm (1737 words)

	Solid Propellants
		Most rocketeers who experiment with solid propellant, work with composite propellant, as it is fairly simple to make and presents less danger from accidental ignition than does blackpowder.
		To prepare the propellant, the resin part of the binder-fuel is mixed with the oxidizer and other solid ingredients.
		AN propellant generally requires higher solids loading, around 80% for proper operation than does AP propellant.
	www.info-central.org /research_solids.shtml (714 words)

	Solid Propellant Combustion
		This technique is currently being used in various solid propellant rocket combustion codes.
		The thrust of a solid propellant rocket engine depends on the grain design.
		The numerical techniques that we have developed for the free surface flows were used to simulate the evolution of the flame front in very complex grain shapes.
	www.mie.utoronto.ca /labs/mfl/solid_propellant_combustion.htm (72 words)

	Characterisation of defects in Large Solid propellant Rocket Motors
		The production of defect-free large solid propellant rocket boosters however is a formidable challenge and it calls for stringent quality control measures at various stages of its processing.
		X-ray radiography is employed for evaluating both the integrity of propellant mass and the bond-line integrity of propellant and insulation.
		The image of defects such as voids in the propellant which lie in lines are therefore superimposed on to the same locations on a two dimensional radiograph.
	www.ndt.net /article/wcndt00/papers/idn202/idn202.htm (2214 words)

	1995 Fire Publications - Solid Propellant Gas Generators: Proceedings of the 1995 Workshop.
		A workshop on solid propellant gas generators was held on June 28-29, 1995 at the National Institute of Standards and Technology under the sponsorship of the Building and Fire Research Laboratory.
		Solid Propellant Gas Generators: An Overview and Their Application to Fire Suppression.
		Solid Propellant Gas Generators: Proceedings of the 1995 Workshop.
	fire.nist.gov /bfrlpubs/fire95/art129.html (360 words)

	(WO 01/38265) VARIABLE BURN-RATE PROPELLANT
		(57) Disclosed are propellants such as may be used in solid rocket motors.
		In one preferred embodiment, the propellant comprises one high energy propellant composition comprising a homogeneous mixture of fuel and oxidizer having a predetermined fuel/oxidizer ratio, wherein individual fuel particles are generally uniformly distributed throughout a matrix of oxidizer, and a low energy propellant comprising a fuel and oxidizer.
		The amounts of the two propellants are present in amounts which achieve a preselected burn rate.
	wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/38265.010531&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (142 words)

	China To Develop Solid Propellant Rocket
		Unlike a liquid propellant rocket which requires storage facilities for liquid propellants and complex ground support for propellant loading at the launch centre, loading of solid fuel and oxidizer can be prepared before arriving at the launch site.
		The solid propellant rocket, SLV-1, that will be developed is based on the technology of the Dongfeng ballistic missile.
		The company believes that solid propellant rockets offer a lower cost of access to space, and opening a new commercial opportunity for China's space industry.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/china-00zc.html (570 words)

	SOLID ROCKET BOOSTERS
		The propellant mixture in each SRB motor consists of an ammonium perchlorate (oxidizer, 69.6 percent by weight), aluminum (fuel, 16 percent), iron oxide (a catalyst, 0.4 percent), a polymer (a binder that holds the mixture together, 12.04 percent), and an epoxy curing agent (1.96 percent).
		The propellant is an 11-point star- shaped perforation in the forward motor segment and a double- truncated- cone perforation in each of the aft segments and aft closure.
		The solid rocket motor ignition commands are issued by the orbiter's computers through the master events controllers to the hold- down pyrotechnic initiator controllers on the mobile launcher platform.
	science.ksc.nasa.gov /shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/srb.html (3986 words)

	(WO 01/38711) END-BURNING ROCKET MOTOR
		Such a solid propellant rocket motor in the end-burning configuration permits larger payloads due to the weight savings realized by the reduced binder and propellant casing requirements, with less complicated manufacturing procedures than conventional CP rocket motor configurations.
		(57) A solid propellant rocket motor which utilizes a propellant casing enclosing one or more propellant segments in an end-burning configuration wherein each propellant segment comprises a substantially homogeneous mixture of fuel particles distributed throughout a matrix of solid oxidizer.
		In addition, the end-burning configuration permits easier segmentation of the propellant grain to tailor the thrust profile during the burn, with the added flexibility of dynamically chosen thrusts, triggered by either guidance circuitry or human intervention.
	wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/38711.010531&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (198 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		The objective of the Solid Propellant Environmental Issues (SPEI) project is to demonstrate environmentally acceptable technologies that will enhance the continued production of solid rocket motors (SRMs) by complying with current and anticipated environmental regulations.
		The new manufacturing process will be demonstrated and evaluated through the scale-up and fabrication of two 363 kg solid rocket motors.
		Phase 1 of the project identifies current and anticipated environmental regulations that may affect SRMs manufacturing in the future and identify emerging process technologies which comply with these regulations.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=619439 (266 words)

	Hybrisol Rocket Engines
		As the hybrid fuel nears burnout, its burning ignites the solid propellant.
		The later burning of solid propellant would provide the high thrust typically needed in the thinner upper atmosphere.
		The use of the burning of the hybrid fuel to ignite the solid propellant would increase reliability.
	www.nasatech.com /Briefs/Sept99/NPO20387.html (398 words)

	Final Presentation on HNF-based Solid Propellant Developments
		Following a search for new storable high performance propellants in 1988, the solid propellant combination of hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF), aluminum (Al) and glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) was identified as a new formulation offering a substantially higher specific impulse than conventional composite propellants.
		You, and / or representatives of you company / institute / organisation are kindly invited to attend the final presentation on HNF-based Solid Propellant Developments by Aerospace Propulsion Products, PML-TNO, Royal Ordnance and Raufoss on Friday 25 September 1998 at ESTEC.
		Development and Proof-of-Concept testing of a first generation HNF/Al/GAP solid propellant (TRP)
	www.estec.esa.nl /conferences/FPD/info/tos-mp980925.html (303 words)

	solid propellant
		a rocket propellant in solid form, usually containing a mixture or combination of fuel and oxidizer.
	www.factmonster.com /ipd/A0661360.html (41 words)

	CHARACTERIZATION STANDARDS FOR SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET MOTORS
		This document sets standards for the characterization of solid propellant rocket motor propulsion systems.
		The characteristics are presented as a check list for ten different component parts including the overall propulsion system, analysis, the rocket motor case, nozzle, propellant, liner, insulation, igniter, ingredients, and energy management.
		However, the enclosed listing attempts to identify the characteristics, properties, required tests, and information which would make up the data base for a fully characterized solid rocket propulsion system.
	quanterion.com /Documents/Documents.asp?ArgVal=213 (167 words)

	Rocket Science Books: Solid Propellant Selection and Characterization
		An in-depth, comprehensive, and complete reference guide for advanced composite and double-base solid propellants, from the world's leading experts on the subject.
		If you design, build, test, or use solid propellant rockets, you need this reference handbook.
		It's not in any way superficial, nor an "easy read." But if you want to get to the essentials of composite (and double-base) solid propellant chemical engineering, here it is in one volume.
	rocketsciencebooks.home.att.net /selection.html (856 words)

	Papers on Solid propellant;
		Register for the free to receive a list of papers for each issue as it is released, and keep up to date on Solid propellant.
		Use of a Time-dependent Brinell Hardness Test to Determine Some Mechanical Properties of Solid Propellants....
		Papers on solid propellant in the Journal of Battlefield Technology include:
	www.argospress.com /jbt/xref/solidpropel.htm (51 words)

	William Dick Home Page
		"Integrated Simulation of Solid Propellant Rockets" CSAR Presentation to NASA MSFC, 4 April 2001.
		"Integrated Simulation of Solid Propellant Rockets" Second European Conference on Space Launchers, November 2000.
		"Virtual Prototyping of Solid Propellant Rockets," IEEE Computing in Science and Engineering, March-April 2000
	yellowpine.cse.uiuc.edu (276 words)

	solid propellant rocket engines - StormingMedia
		Cumulative Damage and Crack Growth in Solid Propellant.
		Combustion Instabilities In Solid Propellant Rocket Motors Date: JAN 2004
		Click on the titles below to find US government reports identified by the key word or phrase SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES
	www.stormingmedia.us /keywords/solid_propellant_rocket_engines.html (1314 words)

	Solid Propellant Engineering Books
		Solid Propellant Processing Factors in Rocket Motor Design
		Solid Propellant Chemical Engineering for the Amateur Experimental Rocket Scientist
		Playing With Fire--Memoirs of a Cold-War Rocket Pioneer
	rocketsciencebooks.home.att.net /solid.html (90 words)

	Space and Astronomy [encyclopedia]
		A Space Shuttle consists of a reusable delta-winged spaceplane, called an orbiter; two solid-propellant booster rockets, which are recovered and also reused; and an expendable tank containing liquid propellant for the orbiter.s three main engines.
		The Space Shuttle is a reusable rocket-launched vehicle designed to transport people and cargo between Earth and orbiting spacecraft, and then to return to the Earth's surface by gliding down and landing on a runway.
		Only the orbiters have names, and an orbiter alone is not a full Space Shuttle.
	kosmoi.com /Space (1302 words)

	Rocket Basics by Morton-Thiokol
		In the solid propellant motor, the insulating effect of the unburned propellant in the chamber reduces the loss of heat to the chamber walls; consequently, the assumption is justifiable.
		Most solid propellant rocket motors are initiated with a pyrotechnic device (squib) which consists of a cartridge containing combustible powders in contact with an electrical resistance wire.
		Solid motors measuring as much as 260 inches in diameter and developing as much as 3.5 million pounds of thrust were developed for possible use as space boosters during the mid-1960's.
	www.aeroconsystems.com /thiokol_rocket_basics.htm (1302 words)

	UTIAS CFD and Propulsion Group: Solid Propellant Rocket Motor Research
		Solid propellant rocket motors derive thrust by producing gases with high energy through the combustion of a solid propellent and then exhausting the hot gases through a nozzle where the thermal energy is converted to kinetic energy.
		Important aspects of the research include the investigation of the effects of the particles and swirl induced by rocket motor spin (solid propellant rocket motors are often spin stabilized during flight) on propellant burning, the structure of the core flow, and choking processes in the nozzle throat.
		Research on the application of the parallel AMR methodology to the prediction of two-phase swirling core flows of propellant gases and inert particulates in solid propellant rocket motors is underway.
	www.utias.utoronto.ca /~groth/research_rockets.html (1302 words)

	Rocket Propellants
		Propellant is the chemical mixture burned to produce thrust in rockets and consists of a fuel and an oxidizer.
		Modern composite propellants are heterogeneous powders (mixtures) which use a crystallized or finely ground mineral salt as an oxidizer, often ammonium perchlorate, which constitutes between 60% and 90% of the mass of the propellant.
		In a liquid propellant rocket, the fuel and oxidizer are stored in separate tanks, and are fed through a system of pipes, valves, and turbopumps to a combustion chamber where they are combined and burned to produce thrust.
	www.braeunig.us /space/propel.htm (1302 words)

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