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Topic: Solution (disambiguation)

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	Solution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An ideal solution is one where the interactions of the molecules of the solvent with each other are equal to their interactions with the solutes.
		If both solute and solvent exist in equal quantities (such as in a 50% ethanol 50% water solution), the concepts of "solute" and "solvent" become less relevant, but the substance that is more often used as a solvent is normally designated as the solvent (in this case, water).
		When a solute is dissolved into a solvent, especially polar solvents, a structure forms around it (a process called solvation), which allows the solute-solvent interaction to remain stable.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Solution (635 words)

	Easy Encyclopedia - Online Encyclopedia. Knowledge is Power
		) in a solution and, therefore, its acidity or alkalinity.
		In aqueous solution at standard temperature and pressure, a pH of 7 indicates neutrality (e.g.
		In nonaqueous solutions or non-STP conditions, the pH of neutrality may not be 7.
	www.easyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/p/ph/ph.html (654 words)

	Definition of Problem - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In such cases, problem solving is used to understand important aspects of the problem so that an answer or solution can be found.
		Often, the causes of a problem are not known, in which case root cause analysis is employed to find the causes and identify corrective actions.
		This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Problems (309 words)

	Definition of The Holocaust - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It is estimated that die Endlösung der Judenfrage (the Final Solution of the Jewish Question), as the Nazis called it during the Wannsee conference of January 1942, saw the murder of 60 percent of all the Jews in Europe, and 35 percent of the world's Jewish population.
		In particular, Functionalists have noted that in German documents from 1939 to 1941, the term "Final Solution to the Jewish Question" was clearly meant to be a "territorial solution", that is the entire Jewish population was to be expelled somewhere far from Germany and not allowed to come back.
		The military and paramilitary forces of the other members of the Axis were notorious for regularly and methodically committing all manner of atrocities against both combatants and civilian populations, including extensive use of slave labour and large scale massacres (to name but a few instances, refer to the Death Railway and the Nanjing massacre).
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Holocaust (7030 words)

	PH - Freepedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In aqueous solution at standard temperature and pressure (STP), a pH of 7 indicates neutrality (i.e.
		This means that in a 0.01 mol/L solution of HCl it is approximated that there is a concentration of 0.01 mol/L dissolved hydrogen ions.
		With a 0.1 mol/L solution of methanoic acid (HCOOH), the acidity constant is equal to:
	en.freepedia.org /PH.html (1027 words)

	Solution Synthesis Gatherers in NL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Instead, solution synthesis operates with maximally interacting groupings (circles) of variables of any order and extends to the highest levels of synthesizing.
		If two related variables are not adjacent in the ESSEX algorithm, their disambiguating power will not be applied until they happen to co-occur in a higher-order synthesis.
		The bulk of disambiguation occurs in the lower order circles which were chosen to maximize this phenomenon.
	crl.nmsu.edu /users/sb/papers/aaai96-final/node4.html (1044 words)

	Ph at opensource encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		pH is a measure of the activity of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution and, therefore, its acidity or alkalinity...
		This is a rough measure the acidity of a solution.
		The pH of a solution is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration (in moles per liter = molarity...
	www.springknow.com /Ph.html (363 words)

	LSA: A Solution to Plato's Problem
		Plato's solution, of course, was that people must come equipped with most of their knowledge and need only hints and contemplation to complete it.
		It is obvious, then, that LSA provides a solution to Plato's problem for at least one case, that of learning word similarities from text.
		The sentence representation has correctly caught the drift, but the single averaged vector representation for the word fly, which falls close to midway between airplane and insect and is nearly orthogonal to any of the other words, is useless for establishing the topical focus of the discourse.
	lsi.argreenhouse.com /lsi/papers/PSYCHREV96.html (20008 words)

	ABSPRO-Abstract Productions
		However, the nature of a unified technology that can be simply used to disambiguate phonemes and lexicons is still not understood.
		That is, the technology is not an arbitrary and isolated solution.
		Since this technology is built on the structure of natural intelligence, and the solution is based on the knowledge of the system instead of programmed rules, the knowledge base of the system is always expandable through learning.
	www.abspro.com /absprodisamb.html (399 words)

	POS Tagging Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Another solution is to assign a set of default tags (typically the open classes: N, V, Adj., Adv.) to unknown words, and to disambiguate using the probabilities that those tags occur at the end of the n-gram in question.
		The final step in the basic probabilistic disambiguation process is to use the transitional probabilities just computed to determine the optimal path through the search space ranging from one unambiguous tag to the next.
		It will be easier to understand both the problem and the solution by tracing through the algorithm with a sample sentence which was provided by DeRose (1988).
	www.georgetown.edu /cball/ling361/tagging_overview.html (2639 words)

	Acid
		In common usage an acid is any substance that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a pH of less than 7.
		) is the actual acid and the acidity of the proton-donating-compound, such as an organic acid, is determined by its stability when it donates protons to the solution it is embedded in.
		It is the quantity of base, expressed in milligrams of potassium hydroxide, that is required to neutralize the acidic constituents in 1 g of sample.
	www.cooldictionary.com /words/Acid.wikipedia (1332 words)

	Computer Science, Rutgers University: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Disambiguation has the potential to be a major problem for speech recognition systems.
		Since many English words have multiple meanings, there is a need to disambiguate the words to determine user intent and respond correctly.
		By interacting with the user and utilizing the current state of the application, the disambiguation problem in the Personal Assistant program was successfully resolved.
	www.cs.rutgers.edu /cs/general/colloquia/current/04.29.04.html (227 words)

	[No title]
		Hirst's solution is to use ``polaroid words:'' fake semantic objects which eventually develop into real ones.
		Furthermore, as the name ``semantic enquiry desk'' suggests, Hirst takes a wholly semantic view of structural disambiguation, ignoring the fact that certain syntactic constructions may be more frequent than others, or that pragmatic factors may influence the interpretation.
		For me, the most serious problem is a lack of commensurability, and indeed a lack of interaction between the various interpretation and disambiguation components.
	www.norvig.com /hirst.html (1127 words)

	wiki/Acid Definition / wiki/Acid Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Buffer solutionsBuffer solutions are solutions which resist change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base.
		Weak acidsA weak acid is an acid that does not fully ionize in solution; that is, if the acid was represented by the general formula AH, then in aqueous solution a significant amount of undissolved AH still remains.
		The acidity constantIn chemistry and biochemistry, acid dissociation constant, the acidity constant, or the acid-ionization constant () is a specific type of equilibrium constant that indicates the extent of dissociation of hydrogen ions from an acid.
	www.elresearch.com /wiki/Acid (4849 words)

	Improving Load/Store Queues Usage in Scientific Computing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Memory disambiguation mechanisms, coupled with load/store queues in out-of-order processors, are crucial to increase Instruction Level Parallelism (ILP), especially for memory-bound scientific codes.
		Designing ideal memory disambiguation mechanisms is too complex because it would require precise address bits comparators; thus, modern microprocessors implement simplified and imprecise ones that perform only partial address comparisons.
		Instead of proposing a hardware solution to improve load/store queues, as done in [1, 6, 5, 7, 4], we show that a software (compilation) technique is possible.
	csdl2.computer.org /persagen/DLAbsToc.jsp?resourcePath=/dl/proceedings/&toc=comp/proceedings/icpp/2004/2197/00/2197toc.xml&DOI=10.1109/ICPP.2004.1327902 (267 words)

	Articles - PH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In dilute solutions (like river or tap water) the activity is approximately equal to the concentration of the H
		The value is close enough, however, for neutral pH to be 7.00 to three significant figures, which is near enough for most people to assume it is exactly 7.
		+ Cl This means that in a 0.01 mol/L solution of HCl it is approximated that there is a concentration of 0.01 mol/L dissolved hydrogen ions.
	www.techize.com /articles/PH (931 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Cave (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Solutional caves may form anywhere with rock which is soluble, and are most prevalent in limestone, but can also form in other material, including chalk, dolomite, marble, loess, ice, granite, salt, lava, sandstone, and gypsum.
		The most common process of cave formation is karstification, which is the solution of rocks by rain water.
		Limestone solution is an important process in cave formation and the origin of the great majority of all caves on Earth.
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref/index.php?title=Cave (1642 words)

	Solar Physics E-Print Archive
		The NPFC disambiguation is otherwise assumption-free, with the quality of the results depending on the quality of the measurements.
		All different techniques reasonably agree for the flow patterns that are contributed by the solution of the induction equation, but the minimum structure solution provides the field-aligned flows besides the cross-field flows.
		Structure minimization attempts to minimize the complexity in solar active regions {it (i)} by approximating the sunspot magnetic fields with an axisymmetric force-free solution, and {it (ii)} by minimizing the magnitude of ``sheath'' currents wrapped around the emerged flux tubes in the solar atmosphere.
	solar.physics.montana.edu /cgi-bin/eprint/index.pl?do_by_author=1&authorid=126 (2338 words)

	Sense Disambiguation Tool (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The hypothesis is that people are able to disambiguate which pronunciation or sense of 'bass' has been encountered by recognizing the unambiguous words around it.
		Decision lists were a solution for sense disambiguation developed by David Yarowksy in his dissertation research.
		In this case, the simplest thing to do is count which of the two senses is more probable in the training data, and mark all instances in the test data that way.
	www.linguistics.uiuc.edu /moran/tools/disamb.html (509 words)

	manicwave: Semantic Web Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		His observation that ontological modeling alone is insufficient for syntactic disambiguation is spot on.
		The solution for semantic interoperability will combine ontological representations to model the relationships between data sources and a repository of transformation rules.
		Developers flock to XML because on the one hand it is indeed a vast improvement in many cases for representing structured information but it retains the comfort zone of header files, copybooks, IDL definitions, etc. The epistemological boundaries of XML as data container are well understood or not deeply contemplated at all.
	www.manicwave.com /blog/archives/cat_semantic_web.html (1067 words)

	Cave - Art History Online Reference and Guide
		Erosion is a mechanical form of weathering which is caused by the abrasive action of wind or water.
		Cave formation in limestone occurs because limestone dissolves under the action of rainwater and groundwater charged with CO carbonic acid) and naturally occurring organic acids.
		Limestone solution is the single most important process forming caves and the origin of the great majority of all caves on Earth.
	www.arthistoryclub.com /art_history/Caves (1267 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The word sense disambiguation community works on largely language-based techniques (such as whether the word in question is used in the same grammatical form in both situations).
		Moreover, our problem is not language specific and thus the solution should not rely on the language of the documents, provided that all documents are in the same language.
		Thus, a meta-service implementation of the disambiguator need process only 2-3 result lists, and thus 20-30 pages, at a given time and can defer the disambiguation of other pages to a time when they are actually required.
	www.cs.iitm.ernet.in /~deepakp/contextweb.doc (3574 words)

	ST6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Therefore, there is a very big potential problem with the use of double underscores to disambiguate, as this is questionable IDL now (although it compiles in a number of compilers) and there are proposals under way at OMG to make it explicitly forbidden.
		Yet we understand the use of double underscores to be a better solution to the problem of disambiguation (as it cannot introduce any further collision), the proposal to use single underscores instead is accepted.
		Second and subsequent identifiers in the same IDL scope that do not differ or differ only in case will be suffixed with a single underbar followed by a numeric disambiguator, for example, <_n> where n is the lowest integer number (counting from 1) that would not produce a clash.
	www.opengroup.org /external/jidm/st6.htm (397 words)

	HUNTER-GATHERER Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Solution synthesis methods are then utilized to combine (gather) solutions to these sub-problems, or circles, into larger and larger solutions until the entire sentence is analyzed.
		As solutions for each circle are created, branch-and-bound and constraint satisfaction techniques are used to prune away (hunt down) non-optimal solutions.
		This is accomplished using a computational tool known as solution synthesis.
	crl.nmsu.edu /users/sb/papers/inlg96-poster/node1.html (612 words)

	Home - Jean E. Fox Tree (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In support of this hypothesis, researchers have found that people can produce syntactically disambiguating prosody, and that listeners can use this prosody to help disambiguate sentences.
		We found that although naive speakers can produce syntactically disambiguating prosody, they generally don't, and furthermore, that when given the choice between context and prosody, listeners choose interpretations based on context (Fox Tree & Meijer, 2000).
		Without investigating spontaneous productions, for example, researchers might conclude that disambiguating prosody is always produced by speakers or necessary for comprehension by listeners.
	people.ucsc.edu /~foxtree/pros.html (175 words)

	CS345 S2001 : hw4 solution
		You must have tried fixing the dangling-else problem by applying the grammar given in the previous homework solution hw2-problem5.
		One easy solution is to add a new keyword such as endif.
		YACC uses disambiguation rules in case of shift/reduce and reduce/reduce conflicts.
	www.cs.utexas.edu /users/yschoe/cs345/hw4 (887 words)

	Halfbakery: Disambiguation prompt
		My solution to many of the problems: When you input a text into a program for translation, the program should prompt you for features which exist in the target language, but might not exist in yours.
		This sounds like it might be a good idea, if the disambiguation prompts were designed to by usable by non-speakers of the target language.
		In many cases, the most natural wording in the original language would be ambiguous to a non-speaker (or even sometimes to a speaker!) but alternative wordings would be possible which--while awkward--would not have such ambiguity.
	www.halfbakery.com /lr/idea/Disambiguation_20prompt (697 words)

	[No title]
		Issue 5665: name disambiguation for AMI interface & poller names is confusing (corba-rtf) Source: Floorboard Software (Mr.
		I don't think there is any solution to this problem other than to declare it an error to use an IDL identifier that begins with "AMI_" if it causes a name clash.
		X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.79 [en] (X11; U; SunOS 5.7 sun4u) X-Accept-Language: en To: issues@omg.org, corba-rtf@omg.org Subject: name disambiguation for AMI interface & poller names is confusing The rule for generating a unique AMI_ callback or poller name is to stuff additional "AMI_" strings until the name is unique.
	www.omg.org /issues/issue5665.txt (384 words)

	Linguistics 581 Syllabus
		The primary goal of the course is to acquaint students with a basic set of computational techniques that have proved useful in a variety of natural language applications.
		A well-specified solution is one that a programmer can use to write a program.
		Assignment solutions will be discussed in detail on the day they are turned in, and thus students who turn assignments in late will be at an advantage.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /~gawron/compling/syllabus.htm (584 words)

	ZeroC Forums - Slice identifiers cannot contain underscores? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		But, even so, using this for guaranteed name disambiguation feels like using a sledgehammer to crack a walnut.
		The fact is that we must have some way to avoid name clashes for generated identifiers -- the implementation cannot sensibly be achieved without having a namespace of its own.
		The problem with this is that double undescores are reserved in C++ for the implementation, so we would tread on the compiler's namespace.
	www.zeroc.com /vbulletin/printthread.php?t=84 (994 words)

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