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Topic: Somaliland now Somalia

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	UNICEF Somalia - Real lives - Youth - Girls' sports initiative picks up
		August 2005, Hargeisa, Somaliland - Girls in Hargeisa, capital of Northwest Somalia (âSomalilandâ), now have a rare chance to engage in sports activities courtesy of a unique partnership between UNICEF and the Somaliland Culture and Sports Association (SOCSA).
		A girl practices at the SOCSA centre in Hargeisa, Somaliland in June 2005.
		A major challenge for youth development in Somaliland and Somalia is the absence of facilities for recreation.
	www.unicef.org /somalia/reallives_2005.html (930 words)

	Somalia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Somalia comprises almost the entire African coast of the Gulf of Aden and a longer stretch on the Indian Ocean.
		In 1936, Italian Somaliland was combined with Somali-speaking districts of Ethiopia to form a province of the newly formed Italian East Africa.
		The new government was slow to move to Somalia, delayed by disputes over who would be in the cabinet, whether nations neighboring Somalia would contribute troops to African Union peacekeeping forces, and whether the government would be initially established in the capital or outside it.
	www.bartleby.com /65/so/Somalia.html (1714 words)

	Somaliland Information
		Somaliland boasts a constitution, a functional parliament and government ministries, an army, a police force, judiciary, and many of the signs of statehood, including a flag, currency, and passports.
		Moreover, the large part of Somalilanders still harbour vivid memories of a predatory and extractive central state and are therefore wary of the construction of any strong central authority; this is evident in the importance placed on the role of the regional councils in dealing with local problems.
		Somaliland is situated on the eastern horn of Africa and lies between the 08°00' - 11°30' parallel north of the equator and between 42°30' - 49°00' meridian east of Greenwich.
	www.bookrags.com /Somaliland_(now_Somalia) (3740 words)

	Helander \| Peace in Somalia Now?
		Admittedly it’s been a few years now since the last appointment of a president claiming to operate on the national level; but the point is that having someone named for that position is nothing new, and it has not helped to solve anything in the past, just created new rivalries and more instability.
		While political leaders in Somaliland, as it now calls itself, may want to hold a door open for some form of future merger with the rest of the country, the popular support for independence is enormous.
		Somalilanders felt that they had suffered under the patronage of southern rule for 20 years and were not willing to try a new such constellation.
	www.unc.edu /depts/diplomat/AD_Issues/amdipl_17/commentary/helander_peace.html (3059 words)

	Somaliland.Org - Somaliland: A Window To The Future
		The news from Somalia is dominated by gloomy reports of war and refugees, guns and suffering.
		Somaliland was once an independent state: the former British protectorate achieved independence on 26 June 1960 and was immediately recognised by thirty-three countries including the United Kingdom and the United States.
		Second, Somaliland's case is not a cessation of a land area incorporated in a sovereign state, but a voluntary withdrawal from the union between two countries that were once separate sovereign states.
	www.somaliland.org /ns.asp?ID=06112202 (1369 words)

	Somaliland Pushes for International Recognition
		Voters in northwestern Somalia's breakaway region of Somaliland head to the polls Thursday.
		The big clincher, she says, is that the people of Somaliland themselves have agreed to be peaceful and to support a functioning, democratic government that maintains stability in the area.
		Somaliland's self-styled foreign minister Edna Adan Ismail tells VOA she fears that if Somaliland is denied international recognition, it could "cause the disintegration of that one small island of peace and stability."
	www.voanews.com /english/2005-09-28-voa36.cfm (762 words)

	Somalia (02/07)
		Somalia is located on the east coast of Africa on and north of the Equator and, with Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Kenya, is often referred to as the Horn of Africa.
		The SRC became increasingly radical in foreign affairs, and in 1974, Somalia and the Soviet Union concluded a treaty of friendship and cooperation.
		Following the overthrow of the Ethiopian Emperor in 1975, Somalia invaded Ethiopia in 1977 in a second attempt to regain the Ogaden, and the second attempt initially appeared to be in Somalia’s favor.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2863.htm (5295 words)

	Somaliland and the issue of international recognition: a response
		The writer has rightly applauded Somaliland for its relative peace and successful elections and referendum in the country (not all by any means) which makes such a contrast to most of lawless Somalia.
		In the case of British Somaliland, the Darood clans, who inhabit the regions of Sool, Sanaag and Cayn (approximating over 40 percent of the geographical area of the so-called Somaliland), were separated from their fellow clan cousins in Southern Somalia (Puntalnd).
		Puntland (including Sool and Sanaag) is part and parcel of Somalia just as the rest of Somaliland is. To suggest that there is a dispute between Somalia and Somaliland is to imply that Somaliland is itself not part of Somalia.
	www.wardheernews.com /Articles_06/Jan/23_Somaliland_recognition_Ageeleh.htm (1465 words)

	SOMALILAND, Landmine Monitor Report 1999
		Somaliland authorities give every indication that they are willing to unilaterally observe the MBT and all of its obligations, including the expeditious destruction of landmine stocks of its national army.
		Somaliland is not known to have ever produced or exported antipersonnel mines.
		Somaliland’s status as a self-declared republic that has received no international recognition has made it very difficult to attract bilateral assistance or funding from the international community for demining or other mine action projects.
	www.icbl.org /lm/1999/somaliland.html (2984 words)

	Somaliland (Somalia)
		The current Somaliland flag may have been introduced after the proclamation of independence on 1991-05-18, because I have seen some images of the independence proclamation (unclear images on a TV documentary) and the flag hoisted was horizontal red, white, green in proportions 1:2:1.
		The National Flag of Somaliland is white in colour with a green circle in its centre, encircling the green circle and written in Arabic is the attestation to the one-ness of God, 'There is no God but ALLAH and MOHAMMED is his messenger'.
		Somalia is made up of the old British and Italian Somaliland protectorates, while French Somaliland went on to become Djibouti.
	flagspot.net /flags/so-mlan.html (1173 words)

	Somaliland leader warns Islamists
		HARGEISA, Somalia (AP) - The president of the breakaway republic of Somaliland played down the rise of Islamic militants in the region but said if they tried to destabilise his territory they would be treated as an enemy.
		Somaliland declared its independence from Somalia in 1991 and has been relatively peaceful and stable compared with the rest of Somalia, which descended into anarchy following the 1991 overthrow of longtime dictator Mohamed Siad Barre by warlords.
		Mr Kahin said Somaliland was not going to seek to rejoin Somalia because for 30 years they were a union, "and it ended in disaster.
	www.hiiraan.com /news2/2006/oct/somaliland_leader_warns_islamists.aspx (652 words)

	SOMALIA: Somaliland now centre for illegal female cutting
		The Somalilander women performing FGM did so privately or in open cooperation with public health facilities in Hargeisa, where most worked as midwifes.
		Among Somalis, female genital mutilation is very widespread and the UN estimates that 98 percent of women in Somaliland and Somalia have been subjected to the harmful practice.
		As Somaliland remains a non-recognised country, little international effort is put into fighting FGM here, contrary to for example neighbouring Ethiopia, where a majority of young mothers now reject the practice following intensive information campaigns.
	www.fgmnetwork.org /gonews.php?subaction=showfull&id=1182917840&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1& (857 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		This "restoration of the sovereignty" of the former colonial territory of British Somaliland has survived a number of vicissitudes including two brief bouts of civil conflict and the continued failure of recognition by the international community.
		Nevertheless, the Somaliland government has managed to establish a functional administration over most of the area, including police and defence forces, a judiciary and a parliament incorporating the elders (Guurti) as an upper house.
		Many people in Somaliland view Yusuf as a serious foe because he was the leader of Puntland, a neighboring autonomous territory that has land disputes with Somaliland.
	www.lycos.com /info/somalia--british-somaliland.html?page=2 (218 words)

	Somalia Somaliland on the Internet
		Has her biography, a video of Iman's visit to Somalia with the ICRC (Red Cross) during the famine, (her first visit in 20 years), meeting her uncle in Baidoa, visiting Mogadishu, etc. includes a diary of her visit and a conversation with Sudanese model, Alek Wek.
		"Somaliland Republic, bordered to the east by Somalia, Ethiopia to the south, and Djibouti to the west, corresponds to the former colonial territory of British Somaliland Protectorate." Has their flag, many full text articles on history, politics, the society, the civil war, economy, clanship, literature, khat, women.
		Country Reports for Somalia, photographs for purchase (free to non-profits and non sectarian orgs.), an audio file of "That's When I Realized This Is Real" - Weris Jama, from Somalia, talks about her experience being forced to flee Somalia in 1990.
	www-sul.stanford.edu /depts/ssrg/africa/somalia.html (6705 words)

	SOMALILAND, Landmine Monitor Report 2000
		Somaliland does not appear to be a transit point for landmines.
		Between 1977 and 1978, the Somali Democratic Republic went to war with neighboring Ethiopia in the frontier area between northern Somalia (now Somaliland) and Ethiopia and the corridor between the Ethiopian city of Dire-Dawa and the border.
		Somaliland, which even in normal times had few health care or other social service facilities, has suffered through two decades of conflict and instability and its entire infrastructure remains in ruins.
	www.icbl.org /lm/2000/somaliland.html (3057 words)

	UNDP Jobs
		On the ground in virtually every developing country, UNDP uses its global network to help the UN system and our partners raise awareness and track progress, while we connect countries to the knowledge and resources they need to achieve these goals.
		We help countries strengthen their electoral and legislative systems, improve access to justice and public administration, and develop a greater capacity to deliver basic services to those most in need.
		We sponsor innovative pilot projects; connect countries to global best practices and resources; promote the role of women in development; and bring governments, civil society and outside funders together to coordinate their efforts.
	jobs.undp.org /cj_view_jobs.cfm (942 words)

	Somaliland Forum: Opinions Page
		For example, all the horrors that had befallen Somalia in the recent past are a manifestation of the fact that the Somalis had neglected the attainment of true knowledge.
		Now according to Ali Khalif the criteria for statehood is homogeneity.
		On the independence of Somaliland, he said, ’I don’t believe there will be a majority vote on independence.
	www.somalilandforum.com /opinions/Opinions10-trueKnowledge.htm (860 words)

	Somalia
		Somalia's economy was seriously damaged by the civil war and its aftermath, but the private sector is trying to reemerge.
		Somaliland has experienced a level of stability that has not been present in other parts of Somalia.
		U.S. citizens who plan to enter Somalia despite the Travel Warning are encouraged to register with the nearest U.S. Embassy or Consulate through the State Department’s travel registration website, and to obtain updated information on travel and security within Somalia.
	travel.state.gov /travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1023.html (2010 words)

	Somaliland: A Democracy Under Threat
		U.S. is now part of a large contact group whose aim is to get the ICU and the TFG to negotiate a power-sharing arrangement.
		Now, with the ICU’s ascendancy, the prospect of forcible reintegration has new momentum, especially now that leaders of the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development, an organization of six African countries focused on drought control and development initiatives, has called for sending a peacekeeping mission to
		Not only did Somaliland have broad international recognition (if only for five days) when granted its independence from Great Britain in 1961, but its subsequent union with the former Italian Somaliland was never legitimated by a promised referendum.
	www.unpo.org /article.php?id=5917 (3234 words)

	Somaliland.Org - Unveiling Somalia's Islamists
		And it is Mr Ahmed who has emerged as its principle proponent in Somalia, speaking in favour of engagement with the West and with the transitional government.
		Meanwhile in Mogadishu, the situation is further complicated by inter-clan rivalries, as well as the apparent resurgence of the traditional mainstream Sunni sects that are creating their own Islamic courts in a bid to counter the influence of the UIC.
		In Somalia's chaotic and fluid political landscape, a major backlash against the courts cannot be ruled out.
	www.somaliland.org /ns.asp?ID=06100600 (725 words)

	Issue 229
		One shipment came directly from Yemen into the Somaliland port of Berbera and was captured, and fighters with that group reportedly indicated that they were attempting to start an uprising in the Somaliland city of Burao, which had an enclave of Wahhabist jihadists.
		Somaliland, however, does not have sufficient police to handle the growing number of attempted incursions, even though it has mobilized support from the Somaliland Armed Forces.
		Within all of this, former Somalia Interim President Abdiqasim Salat Hassan, a member of the Ayr sub-clan of the Habargdir (itself a sub-clan of the Haweye), was engaged as much in a territorial war with other sub-clans of the Haweye (notably the Abgal sub-clan) as in supporting the Islamists.
	www.somalilandtimes.net /sl/2005/229/08.shtml (1688 words)

	Landmines in Somaliland
		Somaliland is one of the poorest countries in the world and landmine victims face enormous difficulties reaching health care facilities or receiving care from the few poorly equipped and inadequately staffed hospitals.
		Somaliland, which borders on Ethiopia to the south, Djibouti to the west, the northeastern regions of the former Somali Democratic Republic to the east, and the Gulf of Aden to the north, claims the same territory that was until 1960 ruled by the United Kingdom as the British Protectorate of Somaliland.
		The war was heavily contested in the frontier area between northern Somalia (now Somaliland) and Ethiopia and the corridor between the Ethiopian city of Dire-Dawa and the border.
	www.iprt.org /Publications/LandminesSomaliland.htm (3725 words)

	Somalia
		In May of 1991, northern clans declared an independent Republic of Somaliland which now includes the administrative regions of Awdal, Woqooyi Galbeed, Togdheer, Sanaag, and Sool.
		The TNG does not recognize Somaliland or Puntland as independent republics but so far has been unable to reunite them with the unstable regions in the south; numerous warlords and factions are still fighting for control of Mogadishu and the other southern regions.
		The plight of the Agro-pastoral Society of Somalia (by Mohamed Haji Mukhtar)
	www.nationsonline.org /oneworld/somalia.htm (361 words)

	Somalia - The North/Somaliland
		The Habir Younis (now remember, they support the Idegale Militia) appealed to Aideed and were sent a plane full of rifles and ammo.
		The fighting spread to the Garhadjis (a subclan of the Idegale and Egal in Burca, Sheikh and Burao).
		The government forces didn't do so well, so now the Garhadji militias have most of the government weapons in their possession.
	www.comebackalive.com /df/dplaces/somalia/dplace2.htm (329 words)

	Somaliland: Somalia at Canadian Content
		Somalia was one of the many countries devastated by
		Somalia comprises Italy s former Trust Territory of Somalia and the former British Protectorate of Somaliland (now seeking recognition as an independent state).
		Now, they didn`t like the fact that Italy had a bit too, so during WWII when Italy was busy, the Brits took over the southern Italian Somaliland.
	www.canadiancontent.net /dir/Top/Regional/Africa/Somalia/Somaliland (844 words)

	African Studies: Somalia
		This document includes analytical summaries on Somalia and US policies; plus links to related articles on the Internet, including reviews of the recent commercial film "Black Hawk Down".
		Further steps to democracy: the Somaliland parliamentary elections, September 2005.
		"Somaliland CyberSpace was established as a means to promote the understanding of the uncommon political conditions in Somaliland [the former northern part of 'Somalia']."
	www.columbia.edu /cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/Somalia.html (1181 words)

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