
	Where results make sense

Topic: Somatic cell

Related Topics

Germline

Somatic cell nuclear transfer

Somatic gene therapy

Germ cell

Diploid

Gene therapy

Gamete

Human cloning

Ovum

Weed control

Band society

DMX (rapper)

	Somatic cell nuclear transfer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A narrow tube, probably a section from a micropipette, removes the maternal chromosomes from an Oocyte prior to the somatic cell nuclear transfer.
		In somatic cell nuclear transfer the nucleus of a somatic cell (a cell other than a sperm or egg cell) is removed and the rest of the cell is discarded.
		After being inserted to the egg, the somatic cell nucleus is reprogrammed by the host cell.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Somatic_cell_nuclear_transfer (546 words)

	Somatic cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In mammals, germline cells are the sperm and ova (also known as "gametes") which fuse during fertilization to produce a cell called a zygote, from which the entire mammalian embryo develops.
		Every other cell type in the mammalian body – apart from the sperm and ova, the cells from which they are made (gametocytes) and undifferentiated stem cells – is a somatic cell; internal organs skin, bones, blood and connective tissue are all made up of somatic cells.
		Somatic cells can also be defined by the amount of genetic material they contain, which in mammals is always twice as much as contained in a germline cell.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Somatic_cell (545 words)

	Glossary [Stem Cell Information]
		The blastocyst is a sphere made up of an outer layer of cells (the trophoblast), a fluid-filled cavity (the blastocoel), and a cluster of cells on the interior (the inner cell mass).
		Somatic stem cells—Non-embryonic stem cells that are not derived from gametes (egg or sperm cells).
		By combining a patient's somatic cell nucleus and an enucleated egg, a scientist may harvest embryonic stem cells from the resulting embryo that can be used to generate tissues that match a patient's body.
	stemcells.nih.gov /info/glossary.asp (1825 words)

	Stem Cell Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Somatic cell nuclear transfer — A normal animal egg cell is treated to remove the nucleus, the part of the cell that contains the genetic material.
		The reason somatic cell nuclear transfer (sometimes referred to as therapeutic cloning) is being used to obtain stem cells is to address the vital issue of tissue incompatibility and possible rejection.
		In somatic cell nuclear transfer, the somatic cell is removed from the patient expected to receive the transplant and fused to the donor egg.
	www.stemcellresearchfoundation.org /WhatsNew/Glossary.htm (1079 words)

	Harvard Stem Cell Institute:
		Stem cells are also distinguished from other cells by their ability to self-renew-in other words, to divide and give rise to more stem cells.
		Stem cells are the source of all tissues of the body, and understanding their properties is fundamental to our understanding of human biology in health and disease.
		Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), sometimes known as 'therapeutic cloning', involves transferring a nucleus from a donor cell, such as a skin cell, into an unfertilized egg.
	stemcell.harvard.edu /faq (1610 words)

	Mapping human genes by using human-rodent somatic cell hybrids
		If suspensions of human and mouse cells are mixed together in the presence of Sendai virus that has been inactivated by ultraviolet light, the virus can mediate fusion of the cells from the different species (Figure 6-23).
		However, in the course of subsequent cell divisions, for unknown reasons the human chromosomes are gradually eliminated from the hybrid at random.
		The procedure is to irradiate human cells with 3000 rads of X rays to fragment the chromosomes, then fuse the irradiated cells with the rodent cells to form a panel of different hybrids.
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowSection&rid=iga.section.1151 (1394 words)

	Guidance for Industry: Guidance for Human Somatic Cell Therapy and Gene Therapy
		Somatic cell therapy is the administration to humans of autologous, allogeneic, or xenogeneic living cells which have been manipulated or processed ex vivo.
		Cell banking systems are appropriate for use with some somatic cell therapy products that are made repeatedly from the same cell source, and with packaging or producer cells used to make gene therapy vectors, for example, bacterial cells producing a plasmid or mammalian cells producing a recombinant viral vector.
		Characterization: The identity of the cells should be confirmed by appropriate genotypic and/or phenotypic markers, and the fraction of the cell population having such identity markers measured as an indication of purity.
	www.fda.gov /cber/gdlns/somgene.htm (9257 words)

	Somatic Cell Counts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The somatic cell count is determined by a Coulter counter which is a particle analyzer, the same gadget that Diamond V uses to monitor yeast cell growth in the yeast growth system.
		The white blood cell portion of the SCC represents the phagocytes, and other similar cells, that are released by the inflammation process in response to an invading organism or a mechanical stress.
		While the SCC is not diagnostic for the presence or absence of mastitis, it is true that a clinical case of mastitis that might cause an individual cow’s SCC to go over 5 million may affect the bulk tank reading and serve as a red flag for the producer.
	www.diamondv.com /protected03/articles/dairy/somatic_cell_counts.htm (414 words)

	Somatic Cell Fusion during Sounding Rocket Flight
		The effect of gravity inside a cell seems to be very small due to the slight differences in density between the different organelles and the cytoplasm in comparison with the high thermal energy.
		Random cell fields on the coverslip (about 500 cells per coverslip) were examined and the number of nuclei was counted in each microscopically observed cell.
		Cells were fused and fixed at the beginning of a period of µg (two coverslips) and in another series after 6 min of µg (two coverslips) during sounding rocket flight (see 'Materials and methods' for flight schedule).
	esapub.esrin.esa.it /sp/sp1206/jongk.htm (1807 words)

	Genomic Analysis
		Somatic cell hybrids are culture lines that contain the entire complement of the mouse genome and a few human chromosomes.
		Because the hybrids are selected on cells in which the mutant cells could not grow, any surviving hybrid lines would contain the human chromosome that complements (or rescues) the mouse mutation and several other human chromosomes.
		The single chromosome can then be added to a mouse cell line, and either the whole chromosome is taken up intact or fragments of the chromosome become integrated into the mouse chromosome.
	www.ndsu.nodak.edu /instruct/mcclean/plsc431/genomic/genomic3.htm (566 words)

	SOMATIC CELL COUNT - AN EFFECTIVE TOOL IN CONTROLLING MASTITIS
		The term somatic cell is a general term referring to the white blood cell.
		Therefore, high somatic cell counts in the milk are a strong indication of the presence of an infection.
		Linear somatic cell counts (SCC) help you: (1) measure effects of subclinical mastitis on your herd; (2) identify cows affected by subclinical mastitis; (3) measure reduction in subclinical mastitis as improvements in management are made; and (4) identify temporary or long-term problems that might otherwise be undetected.
	www.agnr.umd.edu /DairyKnowledge/dairy/SOMATIC_CELL_COUNT.html (3237 words)

	Biological Basis of Heredity: Cell Reproduction
		The cell division process that produces new cells for growth, repair, and the general replacement of older cells is called mitosis.
		In this process, a somatic cell divides into two complete new cells that are identical to the original one.
		Virtually all (99.9%) sex cells in a woman's ovaries never develop beyond the primary oöcyte stage and eventually are reabsorbed by her body.
	anthro.palomar.edu /biobasis/bio_2.htm (1991 words)

	Somatic cell hybrid
		Somatic cell hybrids were selected by the addition of G418 (up to 1000ug/ml) and ouabain (10-5M).
		Rodent x horse somatic cell hybrids can be created using PEG fusion followed by selection with G418 and ouabain.
		Stable horse x rodent somatic cell hybrid clones can be obtained that contain less than 20 horse chromosomes.
	www.vgl.ucdavis.edu /~lvmillon/somatic.html (390 words)

	Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology \| Full text \| Cloning animals by somatic cell nuclear transfer – ...
		Somatic cell cloning (cloning or nuclear transfer) is a technique in which the nucleus (DNA) of a somatic cell is transferred into an enucleated metaphase-II oocyte for the generation of a new individual, genetically identical to the somatic cell donor (Figure 1).
		Somatic cloning may be used to generate multiple copies of genetically elite farm animals, to produce transgenic animals for pharmaceutical protein production or xeno-transplantation [2-5], or to preserve endangered species.
		In summary, among the somatic cell types tested, the consensus from numerous laboratories is that cumulus cells give the highest cloning efficiency and result in the least number of abnormalities in cloned animals.
	www.rbej.com /content/1/1/98 (4900 words)

	NEJM -- Progress in Human Somatic-Cell Nuclear Transfer
		Nuclear-transfer embryonic stem cells that carry the nuclear DNA of an existing person can be obtained by injecting a nucleus from a patient into an enucleated ovum.
		Explantation of the blastocyst to cell culture yields a line of cells that can differentiate into ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal cells (i.e., cell lines that have the potential to develop into any type of cell).
		They went on to show that the stem cell lines could differentiate into somatic cells of the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm lineages, including cells with characteristics of the skin, striated muscle, smooth muscle, neuroepithelium, cartilage, renal tissue, gastrointestinal epithelium, respiratory epithelium, colonic epithelium, and bone.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/full/353/1/87 (928 words)

	Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer: SCNT 101 \| Christopher Reeve Foundation
		SCNT (Somatic cell nuclear transfer), also known as therapeutic cloning, is the transplanting of a patient's DNA into an unfertilized egg in order to grow stem cells that could cure devastating diseases.
		When combined with stem cell research, SCNT could be used to develop new and innovative treatments — such as replacement cells and tissue — that allow organs to function again and restore hope to millions of families.
		In particular, SCNT could allow researchers to move stem cell research to a new level, developing stem cell therapies that are specifically tailored to an individual's medical condition.
	www.christopherreeve.org /site/c.geIMLPOpGjF/b.1452563/k.AFD6/Somatic_Cell_Nuclear_Transfer_SCNT_101.htm (1091 words)

	Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
		It involves fusing a somatic cell with an enucleated oocyte, where the nucleus of the somatic cell provides the genetic information.
		Stem cells are currently being used to treat white blood cell cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma.
		Stem cells may be used to treat "brain attacks", or strokes, in the future.
	www.angelfire.com /ma4/bmes/scnt.html (266 words)

	Somatic Cell Main
		The normal defense mechanism of the cow responds to subclinical mastitis (bacterial infection) by migrating leukocytes, a type of somatic cell from the blood, into the infected area of the udder.
		The level of somatic cells (leucocytes, macrophage and epithelial cells from the secretory tissue) in milk can be measured; therefore, it can become a rough measure of the level of infection in a herd.
		The somatic cell program and culture results indicate that most cows have fewer than 400,000 somatic cells per cc milk are uninfected.
	www.farminfo.org /dairy/somatic-m.htm (1197 words)

	Heritable germ and somatic cell lineage competitions in chimeric colonial protochordates -- Stoner et al. 96 (16): 9148 ...
		germ cell (pgc) and somatic cell (psc) lineages have traits that
		The presence of only the Lower band in the somatic tissues suggest that all of the somatic tissues are derived from colony G, while the presence of both the Upper and Lower band in the gametic tissues suggests that these tissues are derived either just from colony F or from both colonies.
		isolate the cells that are responsible for somatic and gonadal
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/96/16/9148 (4355 words)

	Somatic Cell Count Benchmarks
		An increase in somatic cell numbers is largely a result of an increase in the number of leucocytes.
		The concentration of somatic cells serves as an indirect measure of the level of infection in the cow's mammary gland.
		Somatic cell counts vary by age and stage of lactation.
	pubs.caes.uga.edu /caespubs/pubcd/B1194.htm (1627 words)

	Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A somatic cell is any cell other than a sperm, egg, or cell that gives rise to a sperm or egg.
		The nucleus of the egg (containing its DNA) is removed and replaced with the nucleus (and its DNA) of a somatic cell (such as skin or blood) from the recipient.
		The resulting stem cells would be immunologically compatible with the recipient's own tissues because they would not contain DNA that produces proteins that the recipient's body would react to as "foreign".
	www4.nationalacademies.org /onpi/webextra.nsf/0/1d132e9457bebd7085256ac300052b2b?OpenDocument (147 words)

	Epigenetic Modification Is Central to Genome Reprogramming in Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer -- Armstrong et al. 24 (4): ...
		Epigenetic Modification Is Central to Genome Reprogramming in Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer -- Armstrong et al.
		Embryonic stem cells • Genome reprogramming • Epigenetic modification • Somatic cell nuclear transfer
		ES cells derived from cloned and fertilized blastocysts are transcriptionally and functionally indistinguishable
	stemcells.alphamedpress.org /cgi/content/abstract/24/4/805 (394 words)

	AAMC : Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (Therapeutic Cloning)
		Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) or therapeutic cloning involves removing the nucleus of an unfertilized egg cell, replacing it with the material from the nucleus of a "somatic cell" (a skin, heart, or nerve cell, for example), and stimulating this cell to begin dividing.
		Once the cell begins dividing, stem cells can be extracted 5-6 days later and used for research.
		The most prominent bills are S. 876, the Human Cloning Ban and Stem Cell Research Protection Act of 2005, introduced by Senator Orrin Hatch (R-Utah) and H.R. 1822 introduced by Representative Mary Bono (R-California).
	www.aamc.org /advocacy/library/research/res0003.htm (750 words)

	Human Genetics Problem Set (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Somatic cells from two animal species may be fused to form a hybrid cell in culture.
		Human and rodent cell fusions are important reagents for human genetics.
		The resulting human-rodent hybrid cells will often lose most of the chromosomes from one of the species, e.g.
	www.biology.arizona.edu /human_bio/problem_sets/human_genetics/12t.html (198 words)

	Chemical & Engineering News: Latest News - Turning Back A Cell's Clock
		Using polyethylene glycol, the group fused these cells with adult skin cells that were genetically engineered to carry a different antibiotic-resistance gene.
		These hybrid cells still face "substantial technical barriers" in that they contain genetic material from both the original ESCs and the adult somatic cells.
		For hybrid cells to be therapeutically useful, researchers must find a way to remove the unwanted ESC genes.
	pubs.acs.org /cen/news/83/i35/8335stemcell.html (551 words)

	Somatic Cell Mutants Resistant to Retrovirus Replication: Intracellular Blocks during the Early Stages of Infection -- ...
		Somatic Cell Mutants Resistant to Retrovirus Replication: Intracellular Blocks during the Early Stages of Infection -- Gao and Goff 10 (6): 1705 -- Molecular Biology of the Cell
		Somatic Cell Mutants Resistant to Retrovirus Replication: Intracellular Blocks during the Early Stages of Infection
		To identify cellular functions involved in the early phase of the retroviral life cycle, somatic cell mutants were isolated
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/abstract/10/6/1705 (640 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)